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Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education

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Published by Universitas Airlangga

ISSN : 20853475 EISSN : 25409972 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Health Professions

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 459 Documents

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Innovative Approaches to Mental Health: A Systematic Review of Culturally-Based Counseling In Diverse Societies Tifanny Beladin Wana Firdaus; Jayanti Dian Eka Sari; Norhayati Ab Manaf; Norasma Bakar
Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Educatio
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Background: Mental health is a fundamental component of human well-being, yet the growing prevalence of psychological disorders across culturally diverse populations has challenged the effectiveness of conventional counseling approaches. Culturally-based counseling has emerged as an innovative approach that integrates cultural values, beliefs, languages, and identities into therapeutic processes to improve engagement and treatment outcomes. Despite increasing interest in this approach, a comprehensive global synthesis of its effectiveness and implementation remains limited. Objective: This review aims to identify and arrange strategies that can be implemented to enhance adolescent STIs prevention and screening behaviors. Methods: This systematic literature review (SLR), registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251127039), synthesized evidence from 16 primary studies published between 2020 and 2025. Articles were retrieved from six major databases and Google Scholar following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The review applied the PICO framework, focusing on individuals experiencing mental health challenges (P), culturally-based counseling interventions (I), conventional counseling or no intervention (C), and outcomes related to effectiveness, engagement, satisfaction, and psychological well-being (O). Narrative thematic analysis was used to synthesize the findings. Results: The findings indicate that culturally-based counseling interventions consistently improved treatment engagement, trust, satisfaction, and mental health outcomes, including reductions in depression, anxiety, and trauma symptoms. Three major forms of adaptation were identified: linguistic adaptations, integration of traditional rituals and cultural practices, and structural or relational modifications involving families and communities. Emerging innovations included culturally tailored digital platforms, online counseling services, and counselor training models emphasizing cultural humility. Conclusion: This review provides a novel contribution by systematically mapping culturally-based counseling interventions worldwide and highlighting innovative practices that promote culturally responsive mental health services. Integrating cultural competence, cultural humility, and digital innovations may enhance accessibility and reduce disparities in mental healthcare across diverse societies.

Evaluating Quality Governance on Patient Safety: Qualitative Study at Lampung Health Centers Kadek Ayu Setiani; Wayan Aryawati; Christin Angelina F.; Samino; Agung Aji Perdana
Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Educatio
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Background: Patient safety is a system aimed at improving safety in healthcare services to prevent harm from medical errors. In 2019, Indonesia recorded 7,465 patient safety incidents, indicating persistent challenges in improving healthcare quality. East Lampung Regency, with 34 Community Health Centers, reflects similar issues, making it a relevant setting for examining the quality of governance in primary care. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of quality governance on Patient Safety Incident (PSI) performance at Community Health Centers in East Lampung from 2023 to 2024. Methods: A qualitative approach was applied using in-depth interviews, observations, and document reviews at three centers representing different accreditation levels (Paripurna, Main, and Madya). A total of 11 informants were purposively selected, including health center leaders, quality officers, health office officials, and service users. Data triangulation was conducted across multiple sources to ensure consistency and reliability, supported by cross-validation between interviews, observations, and documents. Results: Input factors revealed shortages of key personnel, limited budgets, and suboptimal coordination despite generally adequate facilities. The USE PDSA cycle was implemented; however, only 15 of 34 centers met the SMART planning criteria, with implementation constrained by budget and technology availability. PSI reporting compliance reached 100% in 2024, although data accuracy remained at 80% due to reporting inconsistencies and blame culture. Outcome evaluation showed a 15% reduction in incidents, with higher improvements in better-accredited centers. Conclusion: Quality governance remains suboptimal owing to resource and system limitations. Strengthening reporting accuracy, capacity building, infrastructure, and coordination is essential for improving patient safety.

Evaluation of Elective Surgery Patient Profiles and Service Quality in the Operating Room: A Study at Adam Malik Hospital, Medan Akim Mhd; Qadri F Tanjung; Tasrif Hamdi
Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Educatio
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Background: Elective surgery is a planned medical procedure requires optimal coordination from the pre-operativeto post-operativephases. As a national referral hospital, Adam Malik Hospital in Medan handles a high volume of elective procedures, making the evaluation of service quality essential. Objective: This study aimed to describe patient characteristics and assess service quality in the operating room of ahospital. Methods: A descriptive quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted, involving 580 patients undergoing elective surgery. Service quality was assessed using objective clinical indicators, including the punctuality of the anesthesiologist and surgeon, the time from patient entry into the operating room to anesthesia induction, the interval between anesthesia induction and surgical incision, and the postoperative pain score. Data were collected from medical records and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: Most patients were aged 18–40 years (48.8%), with a mean age of 40.5 ± 22.42 years. Females accounted for 53.8% of the samples, and the majority were classified as ASA III (44.7%). Pain was the most common surgical indication (45.9%), with orthopedic surgery was the most common procedure (24%). The average body mass index was 22.44 ± 4.38. General anesthesia was administered in 86.2% of cases. A mismatch between operator arrival and incision time occurred in 69.3% of cases. The average post-operative pain score was 3.47 ± 0.811. Conclusion: Overall, 70.3% of patients received good-quality service based on objective clinical indicators. However, improvements are still needed in surgical timing efficiency and interdisciplinary coordination. It is recommended to enhance surgical scheduling systems, implement regular team training, and optimize perioperative protocols to improve the quality and consistency of elective surgical care.

Effectiveness of Health Cadres Counseling in Preventing Child Sexual Abuse Among Mothers: A Quasi-Experimental Study in Bogor Asri Masitha Arsyati; Hadi Pratomo; Raden Irawati Ismail; Sabarinah
Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Educatio
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Background: Child sexual abuse (CSA) in the world are seriously problems which affect the cause of death of children addition to disease. Research on appropriate approaches to Sexual Abuse Prevention in Toddlers Remains Limited in Indonesia, especially of the ones conducted on the outskirts of the capital city Jakarta. KemenPPPA (2023) reporting more than 15,000 cases (40 cases per day). Objective: To determine the effectiveness of counseling intervention by health cadres in preventing child sexual abuse among mother. Methods: A year-long study aims at pioneering a development of the health communication pre-post intervention models in preventing the occurrence of CSA in Bogor. The models comprise of individual and group counseling, given by the Integrated Health Services Cadres (Kader Posyandu), to educate the mothers about child sexual abuse prevention. Additionally, the study used randomized sample of 240 mothers-with-toddlers who were equally distributed to the individual-counseling groups, the focused-group-counseling groups, or controlled groups, and 15 health service staff from three districts in Bogor namely East Bogor, Central Bogor, and West Bogor. Results: Moreover, the participants’ increased knowledge was assessed through structured questionnaires. After four-time assessments within month 7 to 10, the mothers receiving either individual counseling or focused-group counseling showed a higher increased knowledge than those in the control groups (p=<0,0001 score). Conclusion: The individual technique proves to be more effective than the group approach, as evidenced by the differences in the scores related to knowledge, attitude, and practice (-0.43;2;1). Local governments a strongly suggested to formulate regulations that facilitate the use of individual counseling in mother and child health services.

Social Support from Correctional Counselors for Inmates: A Phenomenological Study at Class IIA Correctional Facility in Jember Ahmad Ali Mansur; Erdi Istiaji; Taufan Asrisyah Ode
Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Educatio
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Background: Inmates are a vulnerable group prone to mental health disorders due to internal pressures such as loss of freedom, guilt, and depression, as well as external pressures such as social stigma and weakened family relationships. Preliminary data at the Class IIA Correctional Facility in Jember indicated that inmates frequently experience severe stress, anxiety, and a significant decrease in daily motivation. In this context, social support plays a vital role in maintaining their mental stability, particularly the support provided by correctional counselors (wali pemasyarakatan), who maintain close and regular interactions with them. Objective: To explore the specific forms of social support provided by correctional counselors to inmates at Class IIA Correctional Facility in Jember based on House’s social support framework. Methods: This study employed a qualitative approach using a phenomenological method. Informants consisted of one key informant (Head of the Health and Care Guidance Subsection), four main informants (correctional counselors), and three additional informants (inmates), selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews until thematic saturation was achieved, and analyzed using interactive thematic analysis techniques. Results: Correctional counselors provided four types of social support: (1) emotional support, by acting as empathetic listeners to minimize anxiety and depression; (2) informational support, incorporating independent mental health insights and practical guidance regarding conditional release or parole requirements; (3) appraisal support, through verbal praise and tangible rewards to rebuild self-esteem ; and (4) instrumental support, by facilitating healthcare access and involving inmates in vocational training such as culinary arts, furniture making, and agricultural skills. Due to the current absence of professional psychologists, these continuous counseling practices significantly enhance the inmates' psychological resilience. Conclusion: This study highlights the crucial role of correctional counselors in strengthening inmates’ mental resilience and preparing them for successful social reintegration through intensive and continuous social support approaches

Menstrual Duration Among Reproductive Age Women Using E-Cigarettes in Malang: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study Afifah Nifathur Rahma; Didien Ika Setyarini
Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Educatio
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Background:The diversification of cigarette products, including electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), has led to increased acceptance of female smoking, especially in urban areas. The absence of regulation by the Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM) regarding nicotine content in e-cigarettes raises concerns over uncontrolled nicotine exposure. Such exposure may impact the female reproductive system and disrupt hormonal balance, which is closely associated with menstrual cycle length and regularity. Purpose: This study aims to describe the duration of menstruation in e-cigarette users among women of childbearing age. Method: This type of research is a quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 49 respondents, selected through purposive sampling from an e-cigarette user community in Malang City, participated based on inclusion criteria. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and descriptive statistics using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. Result: The results of the study showed that 77.6% of respondents were heavy e-cigarette users (12–20 drips/day), while 22.4% were light users (3–11 drips/day). A total of 87.8% reported normal menstrual duration (3–8 days), and 12.2% experienced abnormal duration.These findings indicate that heavy e-cigarette use was not consistently associated with menstrual changes, warranting further research on potential underlying biological mechanisms. Conclusion: In this study, the frequency of heavy electronic cigarette use was found to be associated with a normal menstrual duration. For future researchers, it is recommended to collect data through monthly menstrual record observations, involve a larger sample size, and aim to produce more robust research findings.

Adoption of Telehealth Services for Metabolic Syndrome: The Moderating Role of Health Consciousness in The UTAUT2 Model Rafi Rahardi; Nur Achmad; Rini Kuswati
Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Educatio
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a major public health concern worldwide and is highly prevalent among office workers owing to their sedentary lifestyles and unhealthy behavioral patterns. Limited access to conventional healthcare services hinders preventive care and disease management in these regions. Telehealth has emerged as a promising solution, providing accessible, flexible, and cost-effective healthcare services. However, evidence regarding the factors influencing telehealth adoption among office workers at risk of MetS in developing countries is limited. Objective: This study aimed to examine the determinants of intention to use and actual use of telehealth services among Indonesian office workers at risk of MetS by extending the UTAUT2 model through the incorporation of health consciousness. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted involving 385 office workers identified as being at risk of developing MetS. Data were collected using an online questionnaire and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling. Results: The findings revealed that Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, and price value significantly influenced the intention to use telehealth in the baseline model. In the extended model, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions remained significant predictors, whereas the effect of price value became insignificant. Health consciousness significantly positively affected both the intention to use and actual use of telehealth services. Furthermore, health consciousness significantly moderated the relationship between social influence and intention to use, indicating that social encouragement becomes more influential among individuals with higher levels of health awareness. Conclusion: Health consciousness is critical for promoting telehealth adoption among office workers at risk of MetS. Integrating health awareness initiatives with supportive technological infrastructure and social influence strategies may enhance telehealth utilization and contribute to more effective workplace health management programs in the future.

Snake and Ladder-Based Stimulation Model: Enhancing Development in Children Aged 34–38 Months Yuli Admasari; Muliani; Dian Kumalasari; Umianita Risca Wulandari; Kesya Meivin Tamara
Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Educatio
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Background: Early childhood development is a key indicator of future human resource quality. In Indonesia, the prevalence of developmental delays among toddlers, including those aged 34-38 months, remains high, highlighting the need for effective and easily implemented stimulation interventions. Objective: To develop a Snakes and Ladders stimulation model to improve the development of children aged 34-38 months. Methods: A pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was employed with 21 children aged 34-38 months selected purposively in the working area of Mamboro Public Health Center during May–July 2025. Research instruments included the Developmental Pre-Screening Questionnaire (KPSP) and a media validation checklist. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. Results: Expert validation by three specialists yielded a score of 78.2% (valid category) with minor revisions. Statistical analysis revealed a significant improvement in child development post-intervention (p =0.000), with most children shifting from “questionable” to “appropriate” developmental categories. Conclusion: the snake and ladder stimulation model is valid, effective, and has the potential for broad application in community-based early childhood development programs, with recommendations for larger-scale and long-term follow-up studies. The model offers a simple, low-cost, and engaging tool for parents and health workers to stimulate child development through play. This study introduces an innovative stimulation approach that can inform broader early childhood intervention strategies. This model is recommended for use by posyandu cadres, early childhood educators, and parents as an enjoyable and low-cost medium for child growth and development intervention. Further research with a full experimental design, larger sample size, and longer intervention duration is required to examine its long-term effectiveness in a larger population.

Determinants of Postpartum Mothers’ Adherence to Iron–Folic Acid Tablet in Astambul Public Health Center, Banjar Regency, Indonesia Zainab; Bahrul Ilmi; Rubiati Hipni
Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Educatio
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Background: Postpartum anemia remains a major global public health concern, particularly in low and middle income countries. Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship and influence of knowledge, attitude, and social support on postpartum mothers’ adherence to iron–folic acid (IFA) supplementation. Methods: A cross-sectional design was applied with 40 respondents. The study was conducted among postpartum mothers receiving services at Astambul Public Health Center, Banjar Regency, Indonesia. Data were collected using questionnaires measuring knowledge, attitude, social support, and adherence. Spearman’s rho correlation test was used to assess relationships between variables, while binary logistic regression was employed to identify the main predictors of adherence. Results: Spearman’s rho analysis showed that knowledge (r = 0.581; Consistency: P values have been written in different formats in the paper.Lowercased, italicized [6 times](e.g. p < 0.05)Lowercased [5 times](e.g. p > 0.05)Please pick one style and apply it consistently throughout the text.

Development of an HBM-Based Health Coaching Module to Enhance Adolescents’ Self-Efficacy: Research and Development Study for Preventing Reproductive and Behavioral Health Risks Kustin; Yuni Handayani; Firda Dwi Anugrah
Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Educatio
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Background: Adolescence is a critical period in individual development, marked by increased vulnerability to various risk behaviors, including those categorized under the Triad of Adolescent Reproductive Health (sexuality, HIV/AIDS, drug abuse). Low self-efficacy is one of the key factors influencing adolescents’ tendency to engage in or poorly cope with these risks. Objective: This study aims to develop a health coaching intervention module based on the Health Belief Model as an effort to enhance adolescents’ self-efficacy in preventing risks associated with the Adolescent Reproductive Health Triad (sexuality, HIV/AIDS, and drug abuse). Methods: The research method employed is Research and Development (R&D), using a modified Borg and Gall model approach. The study involved 100 adolescents aged 15–18 years, selected through a quota sampling technique. Before its use in data collection, the module underwent expert validation and a pilot testing phase. Results: The results of the module development indicate that the module is feasible in terms of content, presentation, and practicality. The intervention using this module was effective in enhancing adolescents’ self-efficacy, as evidenced by a significant increase in self-efficacy scores following the intervention. Conclusion: This module is expected to serve as an alternative promotive-preventive intervention in efforts to prevent risks associated with the Adolescent Reproductive Health Triad among adolescents. This module can be integrated into school programs or adolescent health promotion activities as a strategic effort to enhance knowledge, self-efficacy, and healthy behaviors in preventing the risks of preventing reproductive and behavioral health risks. This program is expected to enhance adolescents' self-efficacy in preventing reproductive health problems.

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