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Elkawnie
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh
ISSN : 24608912     EISSN : 24608920     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Engineering
Elkawnie is a journal of Integration Science and Technology with Islam. It's covering research and technology in the field of study of Architecture, Biology, Chemistry, Environmental Engineering, ICT, Physical Engineering and other science and technology field. In particular, Elkawnie's journal discusses the development of research and technology in contributing to development as part of Muslim scientists in the academic sphere.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 460 Documents
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Fortifikasi Tepung Mangrove Dan Kitosan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Penaeus monodon Herkules Manik; Marniati Solin; Khairul Thami; Fitriani Fitriani
Elkawnie Vol. 5 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v5i2.4798

Abstract

Pakan sebagai salah salah satu faktor yang penting untuk peningkatan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas udang. Salah satu pakan yang dapat difortifikasikan dengan pakan udang yaitu tepung magrove dan tepung kitosan yang berpotensi meningkatkan pertumbuhan udang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh fortifikasi tepung mangrove dan tepung kitosan terhadap pertumbuhan udang windu. Rancangan yang digunakan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap (RAKL) pola faktorial, dengan 2 faktor perlakuan yaitu tepung mangrove dan tepung kitosan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap berat badan dan panjang tubuh udang. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA pada taraf signifikansi 5% dan DMRT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fotifikasi tepung mangrove 300 g dan tepung kitosan 300 g  dapat meningkatkan rerata berat badan dan pajang udang windu setelah perlakuan. Semakin banyak tepung mangrove dan tepung kitosan yang ditambahkan pada pakan komersial, maka pertumbuhan udang semakin meningkat.
Green Synthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide Using Lime Juice Reductor From Citrus aurantifolia Said Ali Akbar; Fitriya Nanda; Nispi Mawaddah; Mima Yuriati
Elkawnie Vol. 5 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v5i2.4948

Abstract

In this study, the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) synthesized by using lime juice as an environmentally friendly reducing agent and inexpensive cost. The synthesis was carried out by oxidizing graphite with the Hummer method to form graphene oxide (GO) was formed, then the GO was reduced by using lime as the natural reducing agent. X-ray analysis shown a vital diffraction pattern for graphite at 2θ = 26.4°, for graphene oxide appears around 2θ = 10° and 43o, and rGO at 2θ = 23.8°. Furthermore, the infrared spectrum of the three samples showed the peak of the hydroxyl group at 3412 cm-1, which appeared on graphene oxide, but was not observed in rGO. The vibrational mode of carbonyl (C=O) at 1723 cm-1 was also observed with high intensity on graphene oxide. This information showed that GO has a large number of oxygen-containing groups. Then, in the dissolution test shown that the GO was more soluble in polar solvents such as water than ethanol.
The UV-Vis Study On Anthocyanin Pigments Activities Extracted From Gayo Arabika Coffee Husks Hasby Hasby; Nurhafidhah Nurhafidhah; Said Ali Akbar
Elkawnie Vol. 5 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v5i2.5232

Abstract

The anthocyanin activity of Gayo Arabica coffee husk in variations in acid solution, temperature, and pH has been assessed through UV-Vis studies. It is important to optimize these factors to increase the long-term stability of anthocyanins for use in various fields. Gayo Arabica coffee husks was extracted through maceration method with methanol. This process obtained a coffee husks extract of 1.176 mg/μL. The UV-Vis spectrum of the extract displayed the major absorption peak at λmax= 529 nm in hydrochloric acid (HCl), this assigned by the electronic transition from flavylium as the particular characteristic of anthocyanin compounds. The anthocyanin from the extract was stable at temperatures of 35oC and 50oC, to have a major absorption peak at λmax= 529 nm. Therefore, it could probably be said that the lower the temperature, the higher the absorbance value of anthocyanin. Then, husks extract was getting red at pH 1 and 3; almost colorless at pH 5, 8 and 10; and yellow at pH 12. The more acidic conditions causes more anthocyanin pigments to be observed in the form of flavylium or oxonium cations color. Finally, Gayo Arabica coffee husks extract can absorb both ultraviolet (UV) and visible light (visible).
Analytical Study of Circulation and Space Arrangement of Baiturrahman Grand Mosque Based on Gender According to Islamic Sharia Analysis Nurul Fakriah
Elkawnie Vol. 5 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v5i2.5287

Abstract

The mosque is a Muslim worship building that is commonly found in Muslim-populated areas. As the main building in Islam, with its significant role, it is relevant if the mosque building applies Islamic concepts in its spatial arrangement and circulation. One of them is the concept of gender-based spatial arrangement. However, in the mosque's spatial arrangement and circulation, it is often found that the arrangement is not in accordance with the Islamic principles. This causes discomfort for some building users. This study revealed an analysis of circulation and spatial arrangement in the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque building, the largest mosque in Banda Aceh, which became an icon of the city of Banda Aceh. This study is also carried out based on gender in accordance with Islamic sharia. Using the qualitative approach, observation being carried out as well as the study of Islamic source and Ching’s theory of circulation. The result shows that there is still a potential of ikhtilath (mingled each other between genders) happened in the recent space arrangement and circulation of the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque.
Characterization of Soil Actinomycetes From Malino Pine Forest Rhizosphere of South Sulawesi Eka Sukmawaty; Sitti Rahmah Sari; Mashuri Masri
Elkawnie Vol. 6 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v6i2.5383

Abstract

Abstract: Actinomycetes are a group of Gram-positive bacteria that produce active compounds with a wide distribution range in nature especially in soil. The purpose of this study was to isolate actinomycetes from the rhizosphere soil of the Malino pine forest, South Sulawesi. This research is a descriptive qualitative study of 15 actinomycetes isolated from the rhizosphere soil of the Pine Forest. These 15 isolates have been successfully identified to the genus level. Actinomycetes were isolated by direct dilution method and further morphological identification was carried out. Actinomycetes were isolated on yeast malt agar (YMA) medium. The growing isolates showed colony colors brown, gray, and white. Produces yellow, brown, and beige color pigments. Based on the characterization carried out, all isolates were identified into the genus Streptomyces.Abstrak: Aktinomisetes merupakan kelompok bakteri gram positif yang menghasilkan senyawa aktif dengan rentang distribusi yang luas di alam, terutama di tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengisolasi aktinomisetes dari tanah rizosfer hutan pinus Malino Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskiptif terhadap 15 isolat aktinomisetes yang diisolasi dari tanah rizosfer Hutan Pinus Malino Sulawesi Selatan. 15 isolat ini telah berhasil didentifikasi sampai tingkat genus. Aktinomisetes diisolasi dengan metode pengenceran secara langsung dan dilakukan identifikasi morfologi lebih lanjut. Aktinomisetes diisolasi pada media yeast malt agar (YMA). Isolat yang tumbuh memperlihatkan warna koloni coklat, abu-abu dan putih. Menghasilkan pigmen warna kuning, coklat dan krem. Berdasarkan karakterisasi yang dilakukan keseluruhan isolat teridentifikasi ke dalam genus Streptomyces.
An Assessment of Room Acoustics Performance of Baiturrahman Grand Mosque Laina Hilma Sari; Zulfian Zulfian
Elkawnie Vol. 6 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v6i1.5420

Abstract

Abstract : Acoustical design as part of the audio comfort influences the architectural design strategy of a mosque significantly. As belonging to the speech room criteria, a mosque should meet some acoustic room requirements to deliver the solemnness to the worshipper during the prayer. Concerning this, the study aims to assess the indoor acoustics performance of Baiturrahman Grand Mosque, Banda Aceh. Baiturrahman grand mosque is an important place of worship for Acehnese and becoming a landmark of Banda Aceh City. The mosque which contains a lot of history of Aceh was built in heavy construction, i.e. concrete wall, marble coated floor, and concrete dome ceiling. Due to its significance, the room acoustics of the mosque as the primary design considerations in a speech room type is evaluated. The acoustics parameters estimated are Noise Criteria (NC), Sound Pressure Level (SPL), Reverberation Time (RT), and Rapid Speech Transmission Index (RASTI). The background noise was recorded for delivering the noise criteria and being the primary data carried out in the acoustic simulation. The study utilised CATT-Acoustic v7.2 software for simulating predicting SPL, RT, and RASTI.Abstrak : Desain akustik merupakan bagian dari parameter audio yang mempengaruhi desain arsitektur masjid secara signifikan. Masjid termasuk dalam kategori speech room yang harus memenuhi beberapa persyaratan akustik ruang untuk dapat menghadirkan kekhusyukan kepada jamaah selama sholat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kinerja akustik dalam ruangan Masjid Raya Baiturrahman, Banda Aceh. Masjid Raya Baiturrahman adalah tempat ibadah yang penting bagi orang Aceh dan menjadi simbol Kota Banda Aceh. Masjid yang memuat banyak sejarah Aceh ini terbuat dari dinding beton, lantai berlapis marmer, dan langit-langit kubah beton. Pada studi ini, parameter akustik ruang yang dievaluasi adalah Kriteria Kebisingan (NC), Tingkat Tekanan Suara (SPL), Waktu Gema (RT), dan Indeks Transmisi kecepatan Bicara (RASTI). Kebisingan latar belakang direkam untuk memberikan kriteria kebisingan dan menjadi data primer yang dilakukan dalam simulasi akustik. Studi ini menggunakan perangkat lunak CATT-Acoustic v7.2 untuk mensimulasikan prediksi SPL, RT, dan RASTI.
Analysis of BKO Content (Antalgin and Dexamethasone) in Herbal Medicine Using Iodimetry Titration and HPLC Method Agus Dwi Ananto; Lalu Undrus Yusditia M. G; Lalu Sanik Wahyu F. A
Elkawnie Vol. 6 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v6i1.5428

Abstract

Abstract : Misuse of adding chemical drugs – BKO – into herbal medicines is often done by irresponsible people. The aim is to increase efficacy instantly, to attract consumer interest. BKO, which are often added to herbal medicine, are antalgin and dexamethasone. Antalgin content analysis was carried out quantitatively using the iodimetry titration method by conducting a preliminary test. The dexamethasone content analysis was carried out with qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative method was carried out using TLC. The quantitative method was carried out using the HPLC technique. The results obtained for the analysis of antalgin content of 10 samples were obtained two samples of herbal medicine containing antalgin, respectively 0,0749% and 0,1083%. Analysis of the dexamethasone content from 10 samples obtained 5 herbal samples containing dexamethasone respectively 0.0979%, 0.222%, 0.4521%, 0.5131% and 0.2809%. So based on these results, it is necessary to take action from the relevant institution regarding the discovery of the content of BKO in the herbal medicine on the market in Lombok.Abstrak : Penyalahgunaan penambahan bahan kimia obat (BKO) kedalam jamu sering sekali dilakukan oleh oknum yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Hal ini dilakukan dengan tujuan meningkatkan khasiat secara instan, sehingga dapat menarik minat konsumen. BKO yang sering ditambahkan kedalam jamu adalah antalgin dan deksametason. Analisis kandungan antalgin dlakukan dengan cara kuantitatif menggunakan metode titrasi iodimetri dengan melakukan uji pendahuluan. Sedangkan analisis kandungan deksametason dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Metode kualitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan KLT. Metode kuantitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik HPLC. Hasil yang diperoleh untuk analisis kandungan antalgin dari 10 sampel didapat 2 sampel jamu yang mengandung antalgin masing-masing sebesar 0,0749% dan 0,1083%. Analisis kandungan deksametason dari 10 sampel diperoleh 5 sampel jamu yang mengandung deksametason masing masing sebesar 0,0979%; 0,222%; 0,4521%; 0,5131% dan 0,2809%. Sehingga berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka perlu dilakukan adanya tindakan dari instansi terkait perihal masih ditemukannya kandungan BKO dalam sediaan jamu yang beredar di pasaran pulau Lombok.
Effect of Ethanol Extract of Jamblang Aceh (Syzygium cumini) in Diabetic Mice (Mus musculus) and Its Potential As Anti-Diabetic Agent Ayu  Nirmala Sari; Januardi Januardi; Diky Setya Diningrat
Elkawnie Vol. 6 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v6i1.5496

Abstract

Abstract : This study was designed to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of the ethanol extract of Syzygium cumini leaves in alloxan-induced diabetes mice. The anti-diabetic activity of EDS was investigated in mice (Mus musculus SW.) Alloxan-induced diabetes. The effect of ethanol extract of Syzygium cumini leaves on normal blood glucose levels and oral glucose tolerance tests were studied in normoglycemic mice while the anti-diabetic effect was evaluated in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice. Ethanol extract of Syzygium cumini leaves (200 and 400 mg/kg) is given orally for 21 days. Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg, oral for 21 days) is used as a reference standard. Giving ethanol extract of Syzygium leaves causes a significant decrease in blood glucose levels in normoglycemic and hyperglycemic mice and also increases glucose tolerance test. Ethanol extract of Syzygium leaves reduces glycosylated hemoglobin levels, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine kinase in alloxan-treated mice. Ethanol extract of Syzygium leaves also improves TBARS oxidative stress parameters, catalase and superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione levels. The ethanol extract of Syzygium cumini leaves shows anti-diabetic activity through increased insulin secretion and this effect can be attributed to the content of flavonoids and phenolic compounds present in the ethanol extract of Syzygium cumini leaves.Abstrak : Penelitian ini dirancang untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas anti-diabetes dari ekstrak etanol daun Syzygium cumini (L) Skeels (EDS) pada mencit diabetes yang diinduksi aloksan. Aktivitas anti-diabetes EDS diselidiki pada mencit (Mus musculus SW.) diabetes yang diinduksi aloksan. Pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun Syzygium cumini (EDS) pada kadar glukosa darah normal dan uji toleransi glukosa oral dipelajari pada mencit normoglikemik sedangkan efek antidiabetik dievaluasi pada mencit hiperglikemik yang diinduksi aloksan. EDS (200 dan 400 mg/kg) diberikan secara oral selama 21 hari. Glibenclamide (5mg/kg, oral selama 21 hari) digunakan sebagai standar referensi. Pemberian EDS menyebabkan penurunan signifikan dalam kadar glukosa darah pada mencit normoglikemik dan hiperglikemik dan juga meningkatkan uji toleransi glukosa. EDS mengurangi kadar hemoglobin glikosilasi, laktat dehidrogenase, dan kreatinin kinase pada mencit yang diberi aloksan. EDS juga memperbaiki parameter stres oksidatif TBARS, aktivitas katalase dan superoksida dismutase dan kadar glutathione. Ekstrak etanol daun Syzygium cumini (EDS) menunjukkan aktivitas antidiabetik melalui peningkatan sekresi insulin dan efek ini dapat dikaitkan dengan kandungan flavonoid dan senyawa fenolik yang ada dalam ekstrak daun.
Isolation and Antioxidant Activity of Phenolic Compounds from Halban Leaves (Vitex pinnata Linn) in Aceh Mastura Mastura; Tonel Barus; Lamek Marpaung; Partomuan Simanjuntak
Elkawnie Vol. 6 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v6i2.5532

Abstract

Abstract: An isolation and identification of phenolic compounds from Halban Leaves (Vitex pinnata Linn), a traditional medicinal plant in Aceh, has been done. Halban leaves were extracted through methanol maceration followed by isolation. The methanol extract went into n-hexane and ethyl acetate partition consecutively resulting in 3 different fractions of ethyl acetate and n-hexane extract.  The ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated the most promising antioxidant and cytotoxic activity. Therefore, purification of ethyl acetate fraction was done by column chromatography [SiO2; (i) n-hexane-ethyl acetate 10:1, 1:1 ; (ii) n-hexane-ethyl acetate = 2 : 1); (iii) n-hexane-acetone = 1:1]. The pure isolate as identified by using UV, IR, NMR, and MS spectra afforded 2 phenolic compounds, namely (1) 4-hydroxymethyl benzoate and (2) p-hydroxymethyl benzoic acid (PHBA). The antioxidant activity of compound 1 and cytotoxicity activity of 2 expressed in IC50  and LD50 was 41.08 ppm and 59.41 ppm, respectively.Abstrak: Isolasi dan identifikasi senyawa fenolik dari Daun Halban (Vite xpinnata Linn) tanaman obat tradisional asal Aceh telah dilakukan. Isolasi ini dilakukan dengan cara mengekstraksi daun halban dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol, Ekstrak metanol kemudian dipartiisi dengan n-heksan dan etilasetat secara berturut-turut  sehingga diperoleh  tiga  ekstrak yaitu ekstrak etil asetat, n-heksan dan air. Ekstrak etil asetat memiliki bioaktivitas sebagai antioksidan dan juga toksisitas. Pemurnian dilanjutkan dengan  cara kromatografi kolom [SiO2; (i) n-heksan-etilasetat   10:1,  1:1 ; (ii) n-heksan-etilasetat = 2 : 1); (iii) n-heksan-aseton = 1:1] dan diperoleh isolat  murni. Isolat murni tersebut diidentifikasi berdasarkan interpretasi data spektra UV, IR, NMR dan MS. Hasil interpretasi data menunjukkan daun halban (V. pinnata Linn) mengandung dua senyawa fenolik yaitu (1) 4-hidroksi metil benzoat  dan (2) asam para hidroksi benzoat (PHBA). Senyawa 1  memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 = 41,08bpj dan senyawa 2 memiliki aktivitas toksisitas dengan nilai LC50 = 59,41.
Sintesis Silika Dari Abu Sekam Padi Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Karakteristik Bata Ringan Meliyana Meliyana; Cut Rahmawati; Lia Handayani
Elkawnie Vol. 5 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v5i2.5533

Abstract

Pemanfaatan limbah pertanian yaitu abu sekam padi menjadi silika merupakan upaya untuk mengurangi dampak lingkungan. Abu sekam padi mengandung banyak silika sehingga sangat layak untuk dimanfaatkan. Bata ringan sebagai material dinding memiliki kekurangan terutama pada kuat tekan dan daya serap air, hal ini disebabkan karena penggunaan foaming agent menyebabkan pori-pori membesar dan kuat tekan menurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh silika yang disintesis dari abu sekam padi terhadap karakteristik bata ringan. Kinerja bata ringan ditinjau terhadap kuat tekan, daya serap air, dan kuat tekan setelah terjadi peningkatan suhu. Sintesis silika dengan metode sol-gel menggunakan NaOH 2,5 N dan HCl 1 N. Dari pengamatan XRF dan FTIR menunjukkan silika yang dihasilkan dari abu sekam padi cukup baik dengan kandungan silika 89,17%.  Silika yang dihasilkan dicampurkan ke dalam campuran bata ringan berdasarkan berat semen sebesar 0,5, 10 dan 15%. Massa jenis bata ringan dikontrol pada 800 kg/cm2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bata ringan mengalami peningkatan kuat tekan hingga 3,11 MPa, namun pengaruh silika terhadap daya serap air tidak menunjukkan ada pengaruh yang signifikan. Pada pengujian terhadap pembakaran pada suhu 200 – 400°C selama 25 menit menunjukkan ada penurunan kuat tekan, namun bata ringan pada penambahan silika 5% sudah terlihat rapuh. Penambahan silika pada bata ringan dapat diaplikasikan.

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