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Implications of Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan Deforestation on Plant Diversity for Bucerotidae Bird Feed in Aceh Province Samsul Kamal; Djufri Djufri; Muhammad Ali Sarong; Muhammad Rusdi
Elkawnie Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v10i2.26691

Abstract: This study investigates the ecological impact of forest destruction within the Pocut Meurah Intan Grand Forest Park, specifically focusing on its implications for food availability for the avian family Bucerotidae. The research aims to examine the practices contributing to forest destruction within the Tahura ecosystem, analyze the consequential effects of this destruction on the diversity of food sources available to Bucerotidae species, and propose potential solutions to mitigate the identified challenges to Bucerotidae sustenance. Employing an exploratory survey methodology, the research utilizes direct observation techniques to gather data at the study site. Qualitative descriptive analysis is employed to interpret the collected data and draw meaningful conclusions. The distribution of deforestation locations was analyzed using ArcGIS software. The distribution of forest damage is displayed in maps, pictures, and tables. The study results showed that forest damage in the Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan area resulted in forest conversion into plantations, illegal logging, and forest burning for business purposes. There are nine species of bird feed plants in the Bucerotidae family found in Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan. The implications of forest destruction include decreasing the number of bird feed plants of the Bucerotidae family. The species were Ara Hutan (Ficus fistulosa Reinw ex Blume), Beringin (Ficus benjamina L), Empanai (Ficus altassima L), Ndalai (Ficus ampelas Burm.F), Medang (Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C.B. Robinson), Rambai (Baccaurea bracteata Müll.Arg), Walen (Ficus virens W.A.T.). The remaining nine species are dominated by the Moracea family (77%); in addition, there are also plant species from the Euphorbiaceae (14%) and Phyllanthaceae (9%). Ensuring the sustained availability of food plant resources for the Bucerotidae family necessitates a multi-pronged approach; Habitat restoration through the reclamation of degraded forest areas is crucial; Enhancing community awareness regarding the ecological and economic importance of forest ecosystems is essential for promoting sustainable practices; Bolstering surveillance and enforcement within the Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan forest area, through increased monitoring and the active involvement of Forest Police, law enforcement agencies, local communities, and environmental NGOs, is vital to deter illegal activities and protect existing resources; And consistent application of existing environmental regulations is paramount to ensuring the long-term preservation of the Bucerotidae food plant supply.Abstrak: Penelitian ini menyelidiki dampak ekologis kerusakan hutan di Taman Hutan Raya Pocut Meurah Intan, khususnya berfokus pada implikasinya terhadap ketersediaan makanan bagi famili burung Bucerotidae. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kerusakan hutan ekosistem Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan, implikasi kerusakan terhadap keanekaragaman pakan burung Bucerotidae, dan solusi terhadap ketersediaan pakan burung Bucerotidae. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei eksploratif dengan teknik observasi langsung ke lokasi objek penelitian. Analisis data tentang deforetasi dianalisis dengan software ArcGis. Penyajiannya dalam bentuk peta, gambar dan tabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerusakan hutan di kawasan Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan berupa konversi hutan menjadi perkebunan, penebangan liar (illegal logging), dan pembakaran hutan untuk tempat usaha; spesies pakan burung Bucerotidae yang terdapat di Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan (TPMI) sebanyak 9 spesies, dan implikasi kerusakan hutan TPMI berdampak terhadap menurunnya jumlah spesies pakan burung Bucerotidae. Spesies yang dimaksud adalah Ara Hutan (Ficus fistulosa Reinw ex Blume), Beringin (Ficus benjamina L), Empanai (Ficus altassima L), Ndalai (Ficus ampelas Burm.F), Medang (Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C.B. Robinson), Rambai (Baccaurea bracteata Müll.Arg), Walen (Ficus virens W.A.T.). Familia yang mendominasi adalah Moraceae (77%), selanjutnya Euphorbiacea (14%), dan Phyllanthaceae (9%). Upaya yang perlu dilakukan untuk menjaga kelestarian tumbuhan pakan burung Bucerotidae adalah; Melakukan reklamasi hutan yang mengalami kerusakan; Penguatan pemahaman masyarakat tentang fungsi hutan; Penguatan dan peningkatan pengawasan kawasan hutan; Penegakan hukum di kawasan hutan Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan dengan melibatkan Polisi Hutan (Polhut), kepolisian, masyarakat, dan LSM pemerhati lingkungan; serta penerapan peraturan lingkungan yang ada secara konsisten sangat penting untuk memastikan kelestarian pasokan tanaman pangan Bucerotidae dalam jangka panjang.

Analysis of Visitors’ Perceptions on Circulation Comfort and Accessibility at Masjid Raya Baiturrahman Banda Aceh Safriza Putra; Safwan Safwan; Cut Nursaniah
Elkawnie Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v11i2.28118

Abstract: Studies on spatial comfort and circulation effectiveness in mosque complexes, particularly those integrating universal design principles and national accessibility standards, remain limited in Indonesia. This study aims to assess visitors’ perceptions of spatial comfort and circulation effectiveness in the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque, Banda Aceh, in relation to Permen PUPR No.14/Prt/M/2017. A qualitative descriptive approach was applied, combining field observations, semi-structured interviews with 40 visitors, and spatial layout analysis. Findings reveal that 74% of visitors considered the overall circulation effective, while 26% perceived it as less comfortable or uncomfortable. Key shortcomings include narrow ramps in less strategic locations, escalators that are frequently non-operational, long walking distances to the women’s ablution area, the absence of guiding blocks for visually impaired users, and slippery marble floors during rain. Practical recommendations include widening and relocating ramps, ensuring escalator functionality, installing guiding blocks, applying anti-slip coatings, reducing travel distances for vulnerable groups, and improving signage with larger fonts, higher contrast, and the addition of the Acehnese language. These findings offer empirically grounded recommendations to enhance inclusivity and accessibility in large-scale religious complexes, serving as a reference for architects, facility managers, and policymakers. Abstrak: Kajian mengenai kenyamanan spasial dan efektivitas sirkulasi pada kompleks masjid, khususnya yang mengintegrasikan prinsip desain universal dan standar aksesibilitas nasional, masih terbatas di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai persepsi pengunjung terhadap kenyamanan spasial dan efektivitas sirkulasi di Masjid Raya Baiturrahman, Banda Aceh, dalam kaitannya dengan Permen PUPR No.14/Prt/M/2017. Pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif digunakan dengan mengombinasikan observasi lapangan, wawancara semi-terstruktur terhadap 40 pengunjung, dan analisis tata ruang masjid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 74% pengunjung menganggap sirkulasi secara keseluruhan efektif, sementara 26% menilai kurang nyaman atau tidak nyaman. Kekurangan utama meliputi ramp yang sempit dan berada di lokasi kurang strategis, eskalator yang sering tidak berfungsi, jarak berjalan yang jauh menuju area wudu perempuan, tidak tersedianya guiding block bagi pengguna tunanetra, serta lantai marmer yang licin saat hujan. Rekomendasi praktis mencakup pelebaran dan relokasi ramp, memastikan eskalator berfungsi, pemasangan guiding block, penerapan lapisan anti-selip, pengurangan jarak tempuh bagi kelompok rentan, serta peningkatan kualitas papan petunjuk dengan huruf lebih besar, kontras lebih tinggi, dan penambahan bahasa Aceh. Hasil penelitian ini menyajikan rekomendasi yang dirumuskan berdasarkan bukti empiris untuk meningkatkan inklusivitas dan aksesibilitas kompleks ibadah berskala besar, serta dapat menjadi acuan bagi arsitek, pengelola fasilitas, dan pembuat kebijakan.

Antioxidant and Anti-tyrosinase Activities of Nanocream of Resam Leaves (Dicranopteris lineraris) and Jeruk Kunci Fruits Waste (Citrus x microcarpa) Extract Occa Roanisca; Rian Hidayat; Nova Azka Tafdila
Elkawnie Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v11i2.29453

Abstract: Premature aging especially among women has become a serious problem that impacts self-confidence. This is caused by exposure to excess ultraviolet radiation, which induces the formation of reactive oxygen species and increases the activity of tyrosinase enzymes in the melanogenesis process. This study examined the antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase capabilities of nanocream formulated with Dicranopteris linearis (resam) leaf and Citrus x microcarpa (jeruk kunci) fruit extracts sourced from Bangka Belitung. A stepwise microwave-assisted extraction process was conducted using three solvents n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol, with ethanol proving most effective at extracting bioactive compounds (64.97% yield from resam leaves and 21.12% from jeruk kunci). Phytochemical screening showed that ethanol extracts contained the highest levels of active compounds: resam extracts had 179.78 mg GAE/g total phenolics and 90.33 mg QE/g total flavonoids, while jeruk kunci extracts contained 135.65 mg GAE/g phenolics and 72.64 mg QE/g flavonoids. Physical characterization confirmed the nanocream met quality standards specified in Indonesian National Standard SNI 16-4954-1998. Biological testing revealed strong antioxidant properties, with the nanocream achieving IC₅₀ values between 7.34 and 16.36 μg/mL, markedly better than single extracts alone (IC₅₀ 29.58–72.33 μg/mL). The formulation also showed considerable tyrosinase inhibitory activity at IC₅₀ 100.16 μg/mL. The results indicate the potential of resam leaves and jeruk kunci fruits extract nanocream as an innovative natural ingredient-based anti-aging cosmetic preparation. Abstrak: Penuaan dini terutama di kalangan wanita telah menjadi masalah serius yang berdampak pada kepercayaan diri. Hal ini disebabkan oleh paparan radiasi ultraviolet berlebih yang menginduksi pembentukan reactive oxygen species dan meningkatkan aktivitas enzim tirosinase dalam proses melanogenesis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan sediaan nanokrim anti-aging dari ekstrak daun resam (Dicranopteris linearis) dan buah jeruk kunci (Citrus x microcarpa) asal Bangka Belitung. Ekstraksi bertingkat dengan metode Microwave Assisted Extraction menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat, dan etanol menunjukkan rendemen tertinggi pada ekstrak etanol (64,97% daun Resam; 21,12% Jeruk Kunci). Ekstrak etanol kedua sampel mengandung senyawa fenolik dan flavonoid tertinggi dengan kadar fenolik total 179,78 mg GAE/g (daun resam) dan 135,65 mg GAE/g (limbah buah jeruk kunci) serta kadar flavonoid total 90,33 mg EK/g (daun resam) dan 72,64 mg QE/g (limbah buah jeruk kunci). Formulasi nanokrim menunjukkan karakteristik fisik memenuhi standar SNI 164954-1998. Sediaan nanokrim menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan sangat kuat (IC50 7,34-16,36 μg/mL) dengan peningkatan signifikan dibandingkan ekstrak tunggal (IC50 29,58-72,33 μg/mL) serta aktivitas anti-tirosinase kategori kuat (IC50 100,16 μg/mL) melalui penghambatan enzim tirosinase. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan potensi nanokrim ekstrak daun resam dan limbah buah jeruk kunci sebagai inovasi sediaan kosmetik anti-aging berbasis bahan alam.

Evaluation of PET Waste-Modified Asphalt Performance Under Environmental Stress: A Multi-Scale Analysis of Rheological and Durability Properties Firmansyah Rachman; Cut Nawalul Azka; Tamalkhani Syammaun; Khairul Hamdi; T.M. Dandi
Elkawnie Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v11i2.29836

Abstract: Diesel fuel spills can significantly accelerate asphalt binder softening and mixture deterioration, leading to reduced pavement durability. This study applies a multi-scale evaluation framework to quantify the effectiveness of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste in mitigating diesel-induced degradation of asphalt by comparing conventional asphalt (0% PET, control) with PET-modified binders and mixtures containing 6% and 8% PET. The primary objective is to determine whether PET modification can enhance asphalt resistance to diesel contamination by examining the relationship between molecular-level stability, rheological response, and mixture-level performance, using standardized procedures in accordance with the Indonesian Bina Marga 2018 specification and relevant SNI and ASTM standards. The results indicate that diesel exposure causes severe degradation in the control binder, with non-recoverable creep compliance (Jnr) increasing by up to 62% after six hours, reflecting a substantial loss of resistance to permanent deformation. In contrast, PET-modified binders show markedly improved stability, with the 8% PET binder limiting the Jnr increase to approximately 51% under the same exposure, indicating the highest resistance to diesel-induced rheological deterioration. This improvement is consistently reflected at the mixture scale, where the control asphalt mixture experiences a 47% reduction in Marshall stability, while the mixture containing 8% PET shows only an 11% reduction after diesel conditioning. Overall, the findings demonstrate that PET waste—particularly at an 8% dosage—significantly enhances asphalt resistance to diesel-related chemical and mechanical damage. This study provides clear mechanistic and performance-based evidence that PET upcycling is an effective and sustainable strategy for producing more fuel-resistant asphalt pavements. Abstrak: Tumpahan bahan bakar diesel dapat secara signifikan mempercepat pelunakan aspal dan degradasi campuran aspal, sehingga menurunkan daya tahan perkerasan jalan. Penelitian ini menerapkan kerangka evaluasi multi-skala untuk mengkuantifikasi efektivitas limbah polyethylene terephthalate (PET) dalam mengurangi degradasi aspal akibat paparan diesel dengan membandingkan aspal konvensional tanpa PET (0% sebagai kontrol) dan aspal termodifikasi PET dengan kadar 6% dan 8%. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai kemampuan modifikasi PET dalam meningkatkan ketahanan aspal terhadap kontaminasi diesel melalui keterkaitan antara stabilitas molekuler, respons reologi, dan kinerja mekanis campuran, dengan menggunakan prosedur pengujian yang mengacu pada spesifikasi Bina Marga 2018 serta standar SNI dan ASTM yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa paparan diesel menyebabkan degradasi yang signifikan pada pengikat kontrol, yang ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan nilai kepatuhan rangkak tidak pulih (Jnr) hingga 62% setelah 6 jam, menandakan penurunan ketahanan terhadap deformasi permanen. Sebaliknya, pengikat aspal termodifikasi PET menunjukkan stabilitas yang jauh lebih baik, di mana pengikat dengan 8% PET membatasi peningkatan Jnr hingga sekitar 51% pada kondisi paparan yang sama, sehingga memberikan ketahanan reologi tertinggi terhadap diesel. Peningkatan kinerja ini tercermin secara konsisten pada skala campuran, di mana campuran aspal konvensional mengalami penurunan stabilitas Marshall sebesar 47%, sementara campuran dengan 8% PET hanya mengalami penurunan sebesar 11% setelah pengkondisian diesel. Secara keseluruhan, hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa pemanfaatan limbah PET—terutama pada kadar 8%—secara signifikan meningkatkan ketahanan aspal terhadap kerusakan kimia dan mekanis akibat paparan diesel. Temuan ini memberikan bukti mekanistik dan berbasis kinerja bahwa daur ulang PET merupakan strategi berkelanjutan yang efektif untuk menghasilkan perkerasan jalan yang lebih tahan terhadap kontaminasi bahan bakar.

The Impact of Coagulant Type and Dosage on Turbidity and pH Levels in Raw Water Treatment: A Comparative Study Using The Jar Test Method and Full-Scale Water Treatment Plant Budi Wijaya; Sudarno Sudarno; Ganjar Samudro; Rachmad Ardhianto
Elkawnie Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v11i2.30001

Abstract: The Gajah Mungkur Multipurpose Dam in Wonogiri functions as a source of raw surface water for the surrounding area. This water often contains suspended particles and colloidal substances due to natural processes such as soil erosion, plant decomposition, and microbial activity. This study evaluated three coagulants: Hincolac, PAC 280 Ac, and PAC 250 Ac, at dosages of 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 ppm. The results of the jar test were compared with those of the full-scale water treatment plant operational test. The findings revealed that the Hincolac coagulant demonstrated superior performance, achieving an efficiency level of 98.60%, which exceeded that of the PAC 250 A and 280 AC coagulants. Hincolac coagulant reached optimal effectiveness at a concentration of 80 ppm, whereas PAC 280 AC and 250 coagulants achieved their highest efficiency at 100 ppm, resulting in turbidity reductions of 98.1% and 97.92%, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that all coagulant types significantly affected turbidity, pH, and floc size (p < 0.001). In a comprehensive application, a dosage of Hincolac 67 ± 7.7 ppm was comparable to the tube test method and effectively achieved a 99% reduction in turbidity in the water-treatment output. Elevated alkalinity and Al₂O₃ concentrations significantly influence the effectiveness of coagulant-based water treatment. Abstrak: Bendungan Serbaguna Gajah Mungkur di Wonogiri berfungsi sebagai sumber air baku berbasis air permukaan. Air permukaan sering kali mengandung partikel tersuspensi dan bahan koloid yang dihasilkan dari kejadian alami, seperti erosi tanah, pembusukan tanaman, dan aktivitas mikroba. Studi ini melibatkan tiga jenis koagulan, yaitu Hincolac, PAC 280 Ac, dan PAC 250 Ac, dan menggunakan metode dosis variabel, 60, 70, 80, 90, dan 100 (ppm). Hasil uji jar test dibandingkan dengan hasil uji operasional wtp kapasitas penuh. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa koagulan Hincolac menunjukkan kinerja yang lebih baik, mencapai tingkat efisiensi yang tinggi sebesar 98,60% lebih baik dari pada koagulan jenis PAC 250 A dan 280 AC. Koagulan Hincolac mencapai efisiensi tertinggi pada konsentrasi 80 ppm, dibandingkan dengan koagulan PAC 280 AC dan 250 yang dicapai pada konsentrasi 100 ppm, menghasilkan pengurangan kekeruhan 98,1% dan 97,92%. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa semua jenis koagulan memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap kekeruhan, pH, dan ukuran flok, dengan nilai p <0,001. Dalam aplikasi skala penuh, dosis Hincolac 67 ± 7,7 ppm sebanding dengan metode uji tabung, dan berhasil mencapai pengurangan kekeruhan 99% pada output pengolahan air. Tingkat kebasaan dan konsentrasi Al2O3 yang tinggi memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap hasil akhir pengolahan air berbasis koagulan.

Identification of Subsurface Structures of Accretion Area Using HVSR Method: A Case Study of Bengkulu City Agnes Apriana; M. Fikri Azhari; Elfi Yuliza; Refrizon Refrizon
Elkawnie Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v11i2.30270

Abstract: Bengkulu City, located in a tectonically active accretion zone, was selected as the study area due to its high susceptibility to seismic hazards The Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method based on microtremor data is an effective non-invasive technique to determine the dominant frequency (fo ), amplification factor (Ao ), and shear wave velocity profile (Vs ). This study aims to identify subsurface structures in the accretion area of Bengkulu City by analyzing microtremor data using the HVSR method. Data acquisition was conducted at 45 measurement points, recorded using a PASI Mod Gemini 2 Sn 1405 Seismometer. Data analysis utilized the Python version 3.7.0 computing platform and the Terraware-HV to derive HV curves describing the fo and Ao. The values of fo and Ao were used to calculate the seismic susceptibility index (Kg). Furthermore, the inversion of HVSR curves was conducted to obtain the Vs. The results showed that fo 0.90-2.10 Hz, Ao 2.08-5.49, Kg 4.36-21.68, and Vs30 were identified as type D (180≤ Vs < 360), which indicates that the subsurface rock consists of a stiff soil layer. Furthermore, Vs the inversion of the HVSR curve shows that vertically, the subsurface structure of the study area consists of several layers, namely soft soil, stiff soil, very dense soil, and soft rock. The 3D model of the Vs distribution confirms that the study area, consistent with its identity as an accretion zone, is predominantly composed of alluvial deposits, including layers of sand and clay. Abstrak: Kota Bengkulu, yang terletak di zona akresi yang aktif secara tektonik, dipilih sebagai area penelitian karena kerentanannya yang tinggi terhadap bahaya seismik. Metode Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) berbasis data mikrotremor merupakan teknik non-invasif yang efektif untuk menentukan frekuensi dominan (fo), faktor amplifikasi (Ao), serta profil kecepatan gelombang geser (Vs). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi struktur bawah permukaan daerah akresi Kota Bengkulu dengan menganalisis data mikrotremor menggunakan metode HVSR. Akuisisi data dilakukan pada 45 titik pengukuran menggunakan seismometer PASI Mod Gemini 2 Sn 1405. Analisis data memanfaatkan platform komputasi Python versi 3.7.0, dan Terraware-HV untuk memperoleh kurva HV yang menggambarkan fo dan Ao. Nilai fo dan Ao digunakan untuk menghitung indeks kerentanan seismik (Kg). Selanjutnya, dilakukan inversi kurva HVSR untuk mendapatkan profil Vs. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan fo 0,90-2,10 Hz, Ao 2,08-5,49, Kg 4,36-21,68, dan Vs30 yang teridentifikasi adalah tipe D (180≤ Vs < 360), yang menunjukkan bahwa batuan bawah permukaan terdiri dari lapisan stiff soil. Selanjutnya, Vs berdasarkan inversi kurva HVSR menunjukkan bahwa secara vertikal, struktur bawah permukaan daerah penelitian terdiri dari beberapa lapisan, yaitu soft soil, stiff soil, very dense soil, dan soft rock. Model 3D distribusi Vs menegaskan bahwa area studi, sesuai dengan identitasnya sebagai zona akresi, sebagian besar terdiri dari endapan aluvial, termasuk lapisan pasir dan tanah liat

Environmental Quality Assessment of Planned Residential Areas in a Peri-Urban Zone Under Urban Sprawl Pressure: A Case Study of Ingin Jaya Subdistrict, Indonesia Zainuddin Hasan; Sri Batara Nurfajri Arisaputri; Fradisa Alicia; Farisa Sabila; Zahrul Fuady
Elkawnie Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v11i2.31691

Abstract: Urban sprawl in peri-urban areas encourages rapid growth of planned settlements, but this is often not accompanied by the provision of adequate basic infrastructure, thereby potentially reducing the quality of the settlement environment. This study aims to quantitatively assess the quality of planned settlements in Ingin Jaya Subdistrict, Aceh Besar Regency, as a peri-urban area experiencing post-disaster urban sprawl pressure. The assessment was conducted at the residential block level using a scoring and weighting method based on seven environmental quality parameters, including building layout, width and condition of access roads, residential location, drainage system, availability of clean water, and waste management facilities. A total of 61 residential blocks were analyzed out of 286 blocks, using proportional stratified random sampling. The results of the study show that 52% of residential blocks are in good condition, 36% are in fair condition, and 12% are in poor condition. The parameters of building layout and clean water availability generally meet the standards, while road width, road condition, drainage systems, and waste management facilities are the main factors causing a decline in the environmental quality of residential areas. Based on these evaluation results, improvement guidelines were formulated, focusing on enhancing basic infrastructure, enforcing spatial planning regulations, and strengthening the roles of local governments, developers, and the community. Abstrak: Urban sprawl di kawasan peri-urban mendorong pertumbuhan pesat permukiman terencana, namun perkembangan tersebut sering kali tidak diikuti oleh penyediaan infrastruktur dasar yang memadai, sehingga berpotensi menurunkan kualitas lingkungan permukiman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai secara kuantitatif kualitas lingkungan permukiman terencana di Kecamatan Ingin Jaya, Kabupaten Aceh Besar, sebagai kawasan peri-urban yang mengalami tekanan urban sprawl pascabencana. Penilaian dilakukan pada tingkat blok permukiman dengan menggunakan metode skoring dan pembobotan berdasarkan tujuh parameter kualitas lingkungan, meliputi tata letak bangunan, lebar dan kondisi jalan masuk, lokasi permukiman, sistem drainase, ketersediaan air bersih, serta fasilitas pengelolaan sampah. Sebanyak 61 blok permukiman dianalisis dari total 286 blok melalui teknik proportional stratified random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 52% blok permukiman berada pada kategori baik, 36% kategori sedang, dan 12% kategori buruk. Parameter tata letak bangunan dan ketersediaan air bersih umumnya telah memenuhi standar, sementara lebar jalan masuk, kondisi permukaan jalan, sistem drainase, dan fasilitas persampahan menjadi faktor utama yang menyebabkan penurunan kualitas lingkungan permukiman. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi tersebut, dirumuskan arahan peningkatan kualitas permukiman yang bersifat empiris, dengan penekanan pada perbaikan infrastruktur dasar, penegakan pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang, serta penguatan peran pemerintah daerah, pengembang, dan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan permukiman secara berkelanjutan.

Cybersecurity Policies Differences in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review of Public and Private Sector Rahmat Rambe; Mochamad Teguh Kurniawan
Elkawnie Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): Article In Press
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/

Abstract: Rapid digital transformation has increased the reliance of various sectors on information technology, while simultaneously giving rise to increasingly complex cybersecurity risks. Threats such as malware, ransomware, and attacks on critical infrastructure not only result in economic losses but can also disrupt national stability and undermine public trust. In this context, both the public and private sectors play crucial roles through their implemented cybersecurity policies. The public sector, represented by institutions such as the National Cyber and Crypto Agency (BSSN), has a primary mandate to safeguard public interests and national resilience through a top-down approach based on formal regulations. Meanwhile, the private sector is more driven by market demands, the need for innovation, and efforts to maintain customer trust. Therefore, its cybersecurity policies tend to be adaptive, adopting international standards such as ISO/IEC 27001 or the NIST Cybersecurity Framework. This study uses a descriptive-qualitative method with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach to identify, evaluate, and synthesize findings from scientific journals, national policy documents, and recent cybersecurity reports. The results reveal fundamental differences in motivation, governance, and risk mitigation strategies between the public and private sectors in Indonesia. The public sector places greater emphasis on legal compliance and protecting vital infrastructure, while the private sector focuses more on speed of response and protecting business reputation. However, both sectors face similar challenges, such as limited cybersecurity expertise, technology adoption gaps, and weak cross-institutional coordination. This study recommends strengthening public-private collaboration through strategic partnerships to comprehensively and sustainably enhance national cybersecurity resilience. Abstrak: Percepatan transformasi digital meningkatkan ketergantungan berbagai sektor pada teknologi informasi sekaligus memperluas kompleksitas risiko siber. Ancaman seperti malware, ransomware, dan serangan terhadap infrastruktur kritis tidak hanya menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi, tetapi juga mengancam stabilitas negara serta kepercayaan publik. Dalam situasi ini, sektor publik dan swasta berperan penting melalui kebijakan keamanan siber. Sektor publik, melalui lembaga seperti Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara, bertugas melindungi kepentingan masyarakat dan ketahanan nasional dengan pendekatan top-down berbasis regulasi. Sebaliknya, sektor swasta didorong oleh kebutuhan pasar, inovasi, dan kepercayaan pelanggan sehingga kebijakannya lebih adaptif dengan standar internasional seperti ISO/IEC 27001 dan NIST Framework. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan SLR untuk menelaah dan mensintesis temuan dari jurnal, dokumen kebijakan, dan laporan terbaru. Hasil menunjukkan perbedaan mendasar pada motivasi, tata kelola, dan mitigasi risiko di Indonesia: sektor publik menitikberatkan kepatuhan hukum serta perlindungan infrastruktur vital, sedangkan sektor swasta pada respons cepat dan reputasi bisnis. Meski demikian, keduanya menghadapi kendala serupa berupa keterbatasan ahli, kesenjangan teknologi, dan lemahnya koordinasi. Studi ini merekomendasikan penguatan kemitraan publik-swasta guna memperkuat ketahanan siber nasional secara berkelanjutan.

Analysis of Dam Break Impacts and Mitigation Strategies Using HEC-RAS 2D Modeling Tasri Salam; Hafnidar A Rani; Firmansyah Rachman; Azmeri Azmeri
Elkawnie Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v11i2.31844

Abstract: Dam failure is a critical hydrological hazard with potentially severe impacts on downstream communities and infrastructure. This study analyzes dam break impacts and mitigation strategies using two-dimensional hydraulic modeling with HEC-RAS 2D, integrated with Geographic Information System (GIS)-based spatial analysis, at the Kerinci Merangin Hydropower Dam in Jambi Province, Indonesia. Overtopping and piping failure scenarios were simulated to estimate peak discharge, inundation extent, flow velocity, and flood wave arrival time, which directly informed the design of a site-specific Emergency Action Plan (EAP). Simulation results indicate that a complete dam failure could generate a peak discharge of approximately 681.5 m³/s, with flood waves reaching high-risk downstream areas within only 15-20 minutes. GIS-based hazard mapping reveals that several critical access and evacuation routes are located within high-inundation zones, limiting conventional evacuation feasibility. A sensitivity analysis of key hydraulic parameters, including breach geometry and Manning’s roughness coefficient, demonstrates that small parameter variations significantly affect flood arrival time and evacuation lead-time reliability. The study’s contribution lies in demonstrating how sensitivity-informed dam break modeling can identify evacuation constraints and support the development of a highly localized, rapid-response EAP, moving beyond generic mitigation frameworks toward operationally feasible disaster preparedness. Abstrak: Kegagalan bendungan merupakan bahaya hidrologi yang kritis dengan potensi dampak yang serius terhadap masyarakat dan infrastruktur di wilayah hilir. Penelitian ini menganalisis dampak keruntuhan bendungan dan strategi mitigasi menggunakan pemodelan hidraulik dua dimensi dengan HEC-RAS 2D yang terintegrasi dengan analisis spasial berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG), dengan studi kasus Bendungan PLTA Kerinci Merangin di Provinsi Jambi, Indonesia. Skenario kegagalan akibat overtopping dan piping disimulasikan untuk mengestimasi debit puncak, luas genangan, kecepatan aliran, serta waktu kedatangan gelombang banjir yang secara langsung digunakan sebagai dasar penyusunan Rencana Tindakan Darurat (Emergency Action Plan/EAP) yang bersifat spesifik lokasi. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa kegagalan total bendungan dapat menghasilkan debit puncak sekitar 681,5 m³/detik, dengan gelombang banjir mencapai wilayah hilir berisiko tinggi hanya dalam waktu 15-20 menit. Pemetaan bahaya berbasis SIG mengungkap bahwa beberapa jalur akses dan evakuasi kritis berada dalam zona genangan tinggi, sehingga membatasi kelayakan evakuasi konvensional. Analisis sensitivitas terhadap parameter hidraulik utama, termasuk geometri rekahan dan koefisien kekasaran Manning, menunjukkan bahwa variasi parameter yang relatif kecil dapat secara signifikan memengaruhi waktu kedatangan banjir dan keandalan waktu evakuasi. Kontribusi utama penelitian ini terletak pada demonstrasi bagaimana pemodelan keruntuhan bendungan yang mempertimbangkan analisis sensitivitas dapat mengidentifikasi keterbatasan evakuasi dan mendukung penyusunan EAP yang sangat terlokalisasi dan berorientasi pada respons cepat, melampaui kerangka mitigasi generik menuju kesiapsiagaan bencana yang lebih operasional dan realistis.

Utilizing Bulu Clam Shell and Sikacim Concrete as Partial Cement Replacement in Porous Concrete Production Fynnisa Z; Muhammad Irwansyah; Moraida Hasanah; Nur Haliza; Sophia Az-Zahra P
Elkawnie Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v11i2.31991

Abstract: The novelty of this research lies in the utilization of waste from bulu clam shells, which are abundantly found in Batu Bara Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia, combined with Sikacim as a partial substitute for cement in the production of pervious concrete. Bulu clam shells are waste materials with a high calcium carbonate (CaO) content. The development of compressive strength and porosity characteristics of pervious concrete is the main objective of this study. Therefore, this research employs bulu clam shell waste and Sikacim as partial replacements for cement in the production of pervious concrete to minimize the environmental impact of waste. The methodology refers to ACI 522R-10 with a curing age of 28 days. The test specimens were cylindrical with a diameter of 15 cm and a height of 30 cm. The mix variations of pervious concrete in comparison to cement:shell:Sikacim were (100:0:0; 95:5:0; 95:0:5; 90:10:0; 90:0:10; 90:5:5)%. SEM analysis indicates that bulu clam shell waste exhibits a characteristic aragonite morphology, marked by needle-like and rough surface textures. XRF analysis shows that bulu clam shell waste has significant potential for various industrial applications due to its high CaO content and the presence of other supporting elements such as Al₂O₃ and SiO₂. The porosity test results of pervious concrete show that the addition of Sikacim tends to increase porosity, particularly at a dosage of 5%, reaching 27.3%. In contrast, the addition of bulu clam shell waste reduces porosity due to its ability to fill micro-pores. The compressive strength test results demonstrate that bulu clam shell waste is highly effective in increasing the compressive strength of pervious concrete, especially at a 10% composition, achieving 8.86 MPa, which represents a 1.7% increase compared to normal concrete. It can be concluded that bulu clam shell waste has strong potential for the development of the construction industry, as it can partially replace cement while also serving as a more environmentally friendly concrete material. Abstrak: Penelitian Kebaruan penelitian adalah memanfaatkan limbah dari cangkang kerang bulu, yang banyak ditemukan di Kabupaten Batu Bara, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia, ditambah dengan sikacim sebagai pengganti sebagian penggunaan semen pada pembuatan beton berpori. Pengembangan sifat kuat tekan dan porositas beton berpori merupakan tujuan penelitian, sehingga penelitian memanfaatkan limbah cangkang kerang bulu dan Sikacim sebagai pengganti sebagian semen dalam produksi beton berpori untuk meminimalkan dampak lingkungan dari limbah. Metode yang digunakan mengacu pada ACI 522R-10, dengan umur pengujian 28 hari. Sampel uji berbentuk silinder, dengan diameter 15 cm dan tinggi 30 cm. Hasil pengujian SEM menunjukkan cangkang kerang bulu memiliki morfologi aragonit yang khas, ditandai dengan tekstur seperti jarum dan kasar. Analisis XRF menunjukkan cangkang kerang memiliki potensi signifikan untuk berbagai aplikasi industri karena kandungan CaO yang tinggi dan adanya unsur pendukung lainnya seperti Al₂O₃ dan SiO₂. Uji porositas beton berpori menunjukkan penambahan Sikacim cenderung meningkatkan porositas, terutama pada dosis 5% sebesar 27,3%. Penambahan cangkang kerang bulu mengurangi porositas karena kemampuannya mengisi pori-pori mikro. Hasil uji kekuatan tekan menunjukkan cangkang kerang bulu sangat efektif dalam meningkatkan kekuatan tekan beton berpori, khususnya pada komposisi 10%, sebesar 8,86 Mpa, meningkat sebesar 1,7% dari nilai beton normal. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa limbah cangkang kerang bulu memiliki potensi dalam pengembangan industri konstruksi, karena dapat sebagian menggantikan semen sekaligus berfungsi sebagai material beton yang lebih ramah lingkungan.

Home Page

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Contact Name
Ghufran Ibnu Yasa

Contact Email
ghufran.yasa@gmail.com

Phone
+6285277813297

Journal Mail Official
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Editorial Address
Syeikh Abdur Rauf street, Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia

Location
Kota banda aceh,

Aceh

INDONESIA

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Ghufran Ibnu Yasa

Contact Email ghufran.yasa@gmail.com

Phone +6285277813297

Journal Mail Official -

Editorial Address Syeikh Abdur Rauf street, Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia

Location Kota banda aceh, Aceh INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

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Abstract

Contact Name
Ghufran Ibnu Yasa

Contact Email
ghufran.yasa@gmail.com

Phone
+6285277813297

Journal Mail Official
-

Editorial Address
Syeikh Abdur Rauf street, Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia

Location
Kota banda aceh,

Aceh

INDONESIA