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Majalah Obat Tradisional
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14105918     EISSN : 24069086     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
raditional Medicine Journal (Majalah Obat Tradisional), or Trad. Med. J. (ISSN 1410-5918 (print) and ISSN 2406-9086 (online)), is an international scientific journal published by Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, three times annually. Collaborating with Indonesian Pharmacist Association, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, and we dedicate our journal to researches and development in traditional medicine. The journal receives papers on research laboratory, field research, and case studies of traditional medicine and its constituent, covering research topics including raw materials, cultivation, phytochemical, pharmacological effects and toxicology, formulation, and biotechnology.
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Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 26, No 1 (2021)" : 10 Documents clear
Screening and Prediction of Potential Compounds from Virgin Olive Oil Acting on Proteins Associated with Cancer Disease Achmad Rodiansyah
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 26, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.52737

Abstract

Virgin olive oil contains phenolic compounds that were potential for anti-inflammatory and cancer treatment. Computational biology is a beneficial method to understand how this compound can affect the biological process in humans. This research is conducted by the potential screening of VOO compounds, constructing the pharmacological network and enrichment, and docking simulation. The enrichment result showed that the EGFR, BRAF, MAPK1, CCND1, and MDM2 protein have multiple cancer contributions and related pathways. The docking simulation result showed that the interaction of EGFR-luteolin, BRAF-luteolin, MAPK1-luteolin, CCND1-apigenin, and MDM2-1-hydroxypinoresinol has the highest binding affinity. Further research with the in-vitro method is required to check the reliable mechanisms of each compound to their protein target.
Radical Scavenging Activity and Acute Toxicity of Bitter Melon (Momordica Charantia L.) Seed Oil Lina Winarti; Lusia Oktora Ruma Kumalasari; Evi Umayah Ulfa
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 26, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.52743

Abstract

Bitter Gourd or bitter melon (Momordica Charantia L.) is a common type of vegetable and safe for daily consumption. The seeds are part of bitter gourd that useless. Research on bitter melon seed oil has promising commercial applications. This study aims to determine the antioxidant potential and safety of bitter melon seed oil through acute toxicity study. The content of phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity was analyzed. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH method. Antioxidant activity is expressed as an IC-50 value. The results showed that the phenol content of bitter melon seed oil was 0.0118 ±0.0006%, the flavonoid content was 0.0127±0.0004%. From the antioxidant activity study, the IC-50 of vitamin C was 2.41 μg / ml, while an IC-50 of bitter melon seed oil was 11.31 ± 0.77 mg/ml. The results of this antioxidant activity study showed very weak activity. The results of the acute-toxicity study show LD-50 cannot be determined precisely because up to the highest dose of 100 ml/kg does not cause death even though it causes toxic symptoms such as diarrhea. Overall, test results indicate that bitter melon seed oil is a compound that is categorized as practically non-toxic with low antioxidant activity.
Cytotoxicity and Antiobesity Activity of Freeze-Dried Malus domestica, Canarium sp. and Averrhoa bilimbi Fruit Sri Utami; Susi Endrini; Said Nafik; Seila Arumwardana; Rizal Rizal; Dwi Surya Artie; Dewani Tediana Yusepany; Hanna Sari Widya Kusuma; Wahyu Widowati
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 26, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.52902

Abstract

Obesity has a role in the development of diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hyperlipidemia which is characterized by the increase of adipose tissue mass due to an imbalance of energy intake and expenditure. Freeze-dried fruits are well known to possess antiobesity activity. In this study, we have evaluated the antiobesity activity of freeze-dried fruit (M. domestica, Canarium sp., and A. bilimbi) using CHOL, G6PDH, TG level, and Oil Red O assay. The viability of 3T3-L1 cell in the Canarium sp. freeze-dried in the concentration of 12.50 µg/ml has a higher value compared to M. domestica and A. bilimbi. The measurements of CHOL, G6PDH, TG level, and Oil Red O assay of the M. domestica freeze-dried in the concentration of 75 μg/ml has higher inhibitory activity compared to the Canarium sp. and A. bilimbi freeze-dried. In the CHOL assay, M. domestica freeze-dried has a higher value compared to A. bilimbi and Canarium sp. In the G6PDH assay, the freeze-dried of M. domestica has the value of 49.56%, Canarium sp. (45.22%), and A. bilimbi (47.13%), while in the Oil Red O assay, M. domestica has inhibition activity of 62.63%, A. bilimbi 50.01% and Canarium sp. 44.13%. The level of TG showed that M. domestica has higher activity with the value of 60.61%, A. bilimbi 57.54%, while Canarium sp. 55.03%. The freeze-dried of M. domestica in the concentration of 75 μg/ml has good inhibitory activity of lipid compared to A. bilimbi and Canarium sp.
Formulation and Antifungal Activity of Piper betle L. Leaf Extract in Emulsion Gels Against Candida albicans Widyasari Putranti; Chairisty Asterina; Hardi Astuti Witasari
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 26, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.53257

Abstract

Candidiasis is the most common fungal infection in humans and is a form of primary and secondary infections of C. albicans. Betel (Piper betle L.) leaf extract has been reported to exhibit efficacious antifungal effects against C. albicans. Emulsion gels, a type of topical dosage form, can deliver hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs and perform multiple and controlled releases. This research aimed to determine the antifungal activity and physical properties of emulsion gels formulated from betel leaf extract. The dried betel leaves were extracted by maceration with alcohol 95%. Then, with different concentrations (1, 2, and 4%), the extract was formulated into emulsion gels. These dosage forms were later subjected to antifungal activity testing against C. albicans using the cup plate diffusion method that involved Mycoral Cream® for comparison. In this test, the intensity of the activity was determined by measuring the diameter of the formed inhibition zone. The second test evaluated the physical characteristics of the dosage forms, including organoleptic properties, pH, adhesion, dispersion, and viscosity. These data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney method, and the conclusion was withdrawn from describing the results quantitatively. The reaction yield of the extraction was 9.702%. The analysis results showed that emulsion gels containing 1, 2, and 4% of betel leaf extract created zones of inhibition with diameters of 5.3 ± 0.29, 6.2 ± 0.29, and 10.2 ± 0.41 mm, respectively. As for the physical properties, they differed in pH (6.39 ± 0.120, 6.17 ± 0.132, 5.66 ± 0.123), spreadability (1.849 ± 0.45, 1.816 ± 0.051, 1.771 ± 0.092 g.cm.s-1), adhesion (110 ± 10.8, 126.3 ± 8.5, 142.7 ± 13.50 seconds), and viscosity (2640.35, 1992.95, 2162.12 cps), respectively. The betel leaf emulsion gels exhibited antifungal activity against C. albicans (p <0.05) and met the physical requirements of semi-solid dosage forms.
The Antioxidant Capacity of Peristrophe Bivalvis (L.) Merr. as Natural-Based Nephroprotection Ketut Agus Adrianta; Bagus Komang Satriyasa; Desak Made Wihandani; I Made Jawi
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 26, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.53861

Abstract

The kidneys as one of the important body organs have a very important role in maintaining a healthy body. The kidneys function to regulate fluid balance in the body the concentration of salt in the blood, acid-base balance in the blood, and excretion of waste materials such as urea and other nitrogenous waste in the blood. Magenta plants (Peristrophe bivalvis (L.) Merr.) contain secondary metabolites, namely alkaloids, saponins, triterpenoids, tannins, and flavonoids as antioxidants. The abundance of antioxidants sourced from natural sources for various diseases is often used as a complementary therapy and is one of the current therapeutic choices. However, the development of natural sources must also consider kidney function during an intervention. The incidence of kidney failure can be caused either by the occurrence of oxidative stress or exposure to drugs and other chemical compounds must also consider the physiological functions of important organs in the body such as the liver and kidneys. This study was conducted to determine the protective role of magenta leaves extract (Peristrophe bivalvis (L.) Merr.) on the kidneys after being given an acetaminophen hepatotoxic dose. In this study, the effectiveness of magenta leaves antioxidants and the safety of use was analyzed by looking at the kidney function in the experimental model of Wistar strain male white rats, using a Randomized Post Test Only Control Group Design. Four treatment groups showed that magenta leaves extract (Peristrophe bivalvis (L.) Merr.) at 125 and 250 mg/kg BW can protect the kidneys with average creatinine levels of 0.63 and 0.75 and with a normal range (0.7 - 1.2). It means that these two groups could protect the kidney function although in the histopathology test only the group administering extracts of 250 mg/Kg BW showed good results. It can be concluded that administration of the magenta leaves extracts at 250 mg/kg BW can protect renal function as seen from serum creatinine levels. Besides, histopathological features can provide a protective effect on the kidneys with the incidence of necrosis in the kidneys of less than 60% of the toxic dose of acetaminophen.
Sunscreen Activity of Fraction n-hexane, Chloroform, and Eethyl Acetate of Ethanol 96% Flamboyan Leaf (Delonix regia. Raf) Extract Putra Jiwamurwa Pama Tjitda; Febri Odel Nitbani; Maria Kristina Bangko
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 26, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.54425

Abstract

The sunscreen test of fraction n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate of ethanol 96% flamboyant leaf (Delonix regia. Raf) extract had been performed. This research begins the extraction of a flamboyant leaf using 96% ethanol. Extraction used the maceration method. The extract is fractionation with some solvents such as n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. Each fraction was identified secondary metabolite and sunscreen test involving SPF, %Te, and %Tp measurement using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The result of phytochemical screening exhibited flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and phenolics in ethyl acetate fraction. n-hexane and chloroform fraction don't show saponins and flavonoid content. The sunscreen test shows that chloroform fraction has good protection power toward UV light with SPF, %Te, and %Tp value is 54.27±0.462, 7.46±0.473, and 12.83±0.047 in 250 mg/L, respectively.
Antioxidant and Anticancer Potential of Raja Bulu Banana Peel and Heart (Musa acuminata Colla (AAB group)) Ethanol Extracts in MCF-7 Cell Lines Afifah Bambang Sutjiatmo; Wahyu Widowati; Ida Sumiati; Twice Priestu; Seila Arumwardana; Hanna Sari Widya Kusuma; Alya Mardhotillah Azizah
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 26, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.55333

Abstract

Breast cancer is an uncontrolled cell growth in breast tissue. Surgical treatments of breast cancer can reduce breast aesthetics and chemotherapy can cause severe side effects. It makes the searches for plants as breast anticancer agents intensively carried out. Several studies have shown that banana peels and hearts possess antioxidant and anticancer activity. This study aims to determine the fruit peel and heart of Raja Bulu banana (Musa acuminata Colla (AAB group)), an endemic banana species in Indonesia, potential as antioxidant and anticancer agent in MCF-7 cells. Antioxidant potential was determined by using 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging activity assay. Anticancer potential was determined by cytotoxic test using MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium). The results showed that 70% ethanol extract of fruit peel (PBEE) and heart (HBEE) of Raja Bulu banana had median inhibition concentration (IC50) for DPPH scavenging activity at 115.32 µg/mL and 162.52 µg/mL respectively, while for H2O2 scavenging activity at 624.80 µg/mL and 497.13 µg/mL respectively. Anticancer potential was expressed by inhibiting concentration of 50% proliferation (IC50) of MCF-7 cells for PBEE and HBEE were 115.001 µg/mL and 338.469 µg/mL respectively. This study showed that PBEE and HBEE have antioxidant and anticancer.
Antitussive Activity of Herbal Cough Medicine on Guinea Pigs (Cavia porvellus) Zullies Ikawati; Poppy Firzani Arifin; Severinus Nugraha Krisma Sandy; Raphael Aswin Susilowidodo; Rosalina Wisastra
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 26, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.56620

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the antitussive activity of herbal cough medicine containing combined herbal extracts of Echinacea purpurea, Sambucus nigra (Black Elderberry), Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice), Vitex trifolia (Indian wild pepper), and Zingiber officinale (ginger). Antitussive assays were conducted on male Dunkin-Hartley albino guinea pigs (Cavia cobaya), which are divided into 5 groups, each with 8 individuals. These 5 groups were assigned for negative control group (treated with CMC-Na 0.5%), a positive control group (treated with Dextromethorphan 20 mg/kg BW), and three groups receiving herbal medicine with 3 different doses (Group I: 145 mg/kg BW, Group II: 290 mg/kg BW; Group III:  580 mg/kg BW, respectively). The antitussive activity was evaluated by using a citric acid-induced cough assay. For baseline level, 20 % m/v liquid citric acid was exposed using a nebulizer for 10 min, then the number of coughs in 15 min was counted.  Sixty (60) minutes after oral administration of the tested herbal cough medicine, the number of citric acid-induced coughs was counted again to see the effect of herbal cough medicine to reduce cough. The number of coughs before and after herbal administration was calculated to obtain antitussive activity, represented by the percentage of cough suppression (PCS). Average PCS for each treatment group is then compared to control positive Dextromethorphan 20 mg/kg BW and control negative CMC-Na 0.5%. Data are analyzed by applying the one-way ANOVA method, which is followed by conducting a Tukey’s Test to discover differences between groups at 95% level of confidence. In terms of the percentage of cough suppression (PCS), treatment doses at 145mg/kg BW, 290 mg/kg BW and 580 mg/kg BW result in 58.48% ± 8.60% (Group I); 58.69% ± 7.96% (Group II); 59.21% ± 8.79% (Group III) PCS, respectively, which insignificantly differ to treatment with Dextromethorphan dose (66.99% ± 9.63 with p > 0.05, implicating that the herbal cough medicine has comparable effect with dextromethorphan in the doses used in this study.
Synergistic Interaction of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Melastoma malabathricum L. Leaves Combined with Ciprofloxacin and Gentamicin Against Eschericia coli Isolate for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients Liza Pratiwi; Rafika Sari; Pratiwi Apridamayanti
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 26, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.57399

Abstract

Melastoma malabathricum leaves have active compounds that are thought to have the potential as antibacterial namely flavonoids, phenols and terpenoids. The objective of this study was to find effective drugs formulated from Melastoma malabathricum leaves combined with antibiotics as diabetic foot ulcer therapy to prevent further complications and risk of disability in diabetes mellitus patients. Ciprofloxacin and gentamicin were proven to be resistant antibiotics. In this study, the fraction of Melastoma malabathricum leaves was combined with both types of antibiotics namely ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) has been determined against bacterial strains. The determination of MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) value was done using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The interaction of antibiotics with gentamicin and ciprofloxacin was studied in vitro by calculating fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). The synergistic effects of the combination Melastoma malabathricum fraction and antibiotics were observed. The results showed that the combination of Melastoma malabathricum fraction with ciprofloxacin and the combination of Melastoma malabathricum fraction with gentamicin against Escherichia coli had a synergistic effect with FICI value of 0,5. The combination of Melastoma malabathricum fraction with ciprofloxacin and the combination of Melastoma malabathricum fraction with gentamicin have the synergistic effect inhibiting the Escherichia coli.
In Silico Study on the Effect of Heliannuol A, B, C, D, E Compounds of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) on Dual PI3K/mTOR (5OQ4) Enzyme Roihatul Mutiah; Yen Yen Ari Indrawijaya; Tanaya Jati Dharma; Jamilah Damaiyanti
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 26, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.57411

Abstract

Heliannuol is a sesquiterpene that has a benzoxepine ring, oxepin. Many derivatives of benzoxepine compounds show anticancer activity by inhibiting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) enzyme. These enzymes play a role in cell proliferation and growth. The study aims to predict the physicochemical properties using Lipinski’s Rule of Five parameters on phosphoinositide 3- kinase (PI3K/Mtor; PDB 5OQ4) enzyme and the toxicity of Heliannuol A, B, C, D, E compounds. The process uses the pkCSM online tool. The validation of receptor 5OQ4 is done using the value parameter RMSD < 2 (Å). Protox online tool dan pkCSM online tool is employed to predict the toxicity using parameter LD50, skin sensitization, Ames toxicity, hepatotoxicity, and toxicity class. The interaction of ligan and enzyme is tested using Molegro Virtual Docker 6.0. Heliannoul A, B, C, D, E compounds fulfill Lipinski’s Rule of Five. The receptor 5OQ4 is known valid using the value of RMSD 0,923 (Å). Heliannuol A, B, C, D, E compounds inhibit Dual PI3K / mTOR enzyme less than Bimiralisib. As a result of the toxicity test of compounds Helliannouls A, B, C, E, and Bimiralisib compounds are included in class 4, while Helliannouls D compounds are included in class 5.

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