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Erie Hariyanto
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erie@iainmadura.ac.id
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INDONESIA
Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial
Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial is a high-quality open- access peer-reviewed research journal published by the Faculty of Sharia, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Madura, Pamekasan, East Java, Indonesia. The focus is to provide readers with a better understanding of Islamic Jurisprudence and Law concerning plurality and living values in Indonesian and Southeast Asian society by publishing articles and research reports. Al-Ihkam specializes in Islamic Jurisprudence and Indonesian and Southeast Asian Islamic Law and aims to communicate original research and relevant current issues. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. It aims primarily to facilitate scholarly and professional discussion over current developments on Islamic Jurisprudence and Law concerning Indonesian and Southeast Asian plurality and living values. Publishing articles exclusively in English or Arabic since 2018, the journal seeks to expand boundaries of Indonesian Islamic Law discourses to access broader English or Arabic speaking contributors and readers worldwide. Hence, it welcomes contributions from international legal scholars, professionals, representatives of the courts, executive authorities, researchers, and students. Al-Ihkam basically contains topics concerning Jurisprudence and Indonesian and Southeast Asian Islamic Law society. Novelty and recency of issues, however, are the priority in publishing. The range of contents covers established Jurisprudence, Indonesian and Southeast Asian Islamic Law society, local culture, to various approaches on legal studies such as comparative Islamic law, political Islamic Law, and sociology of Islamic law and the likes.
Articles 386 Documents
PERADILAN SATU ATAP SEBAGAI PERWUJUDAN KEKUASAAN KEHAKIMAN YANG MERDEKA Umi Supraptiningsih
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 2 No. 2 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v2i2.2627

Abstract

Pasal 1 UU No. 4 Tahun 2004 menyatakan bahwa “kekuasaan Kehakiman adalah kekuasaan Negara yang merdeka untuk menyelenggarakan peradilan guna menegakkan hukum dan keadilan berdasarkan Pancasila demi terselenggaranya Negara Hukum Republik Indonesia”. Maksud dari kekuasaan kehakiman yang merdeka adalah kekuasaan kehakiman yang tidak dicampuri oleh kekuasaan eksekutif atau kekuasaan ekstrayudisial  dalam melaksanakan fungsi peradilan. Untuk menciptakan kekuasaan kehakiman dalam posisi “independen” tersebut, maka harus ada korelasi antara fungsi yudikatif/peradilan dan proses demokrasi, dimana pembentukan dan jaminan independensi atau kebebasan kekuasaan kehakiman seharusnya diciptakan secara aktif oleh semua sarjana hukum, polisi, kejaksaan dan penegak hukum lainnya. Dengan mewujudkan sistem satu atap (one roof  system) diharapkan apa yang menjadi cita-cita hukum (rechtsidee) untuk mewujudkan kekuasaan kehakiman yang merdeka (independent) dalam rangka  penegakan hukum dan keadilan demi terselenggaranya Negara Hukum Republik Indonesia.
Marriage Settlement among Minority Moslem by Datok Imam Masjid in South Thailand Umi Supraptiningsih; Khoirul Bariyyah
Al-Ihkam, Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Vol 14 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v14i2.2631

Abstract

Thailand is a Moslem minority country with most of Moslem community centered at the plateu of its South area. As the minority, they can not perform sharia laws formally under official acknowledgment. Therefore, in dealing with any law practice, particularly marriage settlement, they rely on the rules of fiqh school followed by each local Datok Imam Masjid. The Datok himself exists in every village even subvillage and is a delegation from the Commitee of Islam at Province serving to deal with any religious affairs. However, The Commitee does not arrange particular rules in the marriage settlement so the practice is fully guided and handled by the Datok. On the basis of that, this research would like to use a qualitative approach through descriptive method. It is found that the principles and requirements of marriage settlement are in line with common Islamic laws as stated in the Qur’an and hadith. Most of the Datok in the South Thailand serving as penghulu (staffs of marriage settlement) affiliate to Shafi’i school. However, as each datok has different views and beliefs on certain issues, the rules become too flexible such as in the matter of minimum age for the brides and bridegrooms or the existence of walī (Islamic guardian mainly from family line) as the marriage requirement. Additionally, the marriage settlement with a newly converted Moslem and “free” polygamy also become big issues as there found no exact rule governing all the details. The settlement is also often hard to hold due to the expensive request of mahr (dowry) which cause the high number of eloping cases as the consequence. (Minoritas Muslim di Thailand Selatan Dataran Tinggi merupakan wilayah yang tidak mendapat kesempatan untuk melaksanakan hukum syari’ah secara resmi yang dapat diakui oleh negara. Oleh karenanya, pelaksanaan pernikahan bagi minoritas Muslim di Thailand Selatan ini masih menggunakan peraturan sesuai dengan mazhab masing-masing yang diurus oleh Datok Imam Masjid di setiap kampung. Datok Imam Masjid tersebut merupakan utusan dari Komite Islam Provinsiyang berwenang mengurus segala bentuk urusan keagamaan khususnya Islam. Walaupun begitu, Komite Islam di Thailand tidak memiliki aturan yang pasti tentang pelaksanaan perikahan sehingga aturan dari pelaksanaan pernikahan tersebut diserahkan sepenuhnya kepada Datok Imam Masjid. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan pernikahan bagi minoritas Muslim di Thailand Selatan dan kajian hukum Islam tentang pelaksanaan pernikahan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa, rukun dalam pelaksanaan pernikahan sudah sesuai dengan hukum Islam. Pada umumnya Datok Imam Masjid di Thailand Selatan yang menjadi juru nikah menggunakan mazhab Syafi’i, namun adanya perbedaan pengetahuan agama pada setiap Datok Imam Masjid menyebabkan longgarnya aturan-aturan yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan pernikahan, seperti halnya syarat usia calon mempelai dan penggunaan wali hakim dalam pernikahan, pernikahan dengan muallaf tanpa adanya perhatian khusus serta maraknya pernikahan poligami tanpa adanya batasan-batasan tertentu. Selain itu, pelaksanaan pernikahan seringkali terhambat oleh adanya permintaan jumlah mahar yang tinggi dari pihak perempuan yang menyebabkan banyaknya kasus kawin lari)
The Implementation of Islamic Value Absorption in Regional Regulations in Madura Regency Agung Ali Fahmi; Muwaffiq Jufri; Ansori Ansori
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 15 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v15i1.2682

Abstract

In Madura, a number of Sharia and / or sharia nuances Regional Regulations were born. Whereas, Indonesia is not a religious state. The emergence of such Regional Regulations is believed to cause a lot of conflict in the society. Therefore, it is necessary to know How is the legal politics of values absorption or Sharia legal provisions in the Regional Regulations of Madura Regency? This research is a normative legal research. This research includes a conceptual approach, a statutory approach, and a case approach. The finding shows that the application and / or absorption of Sharia in Madura are due to the religious values that attached in the societies' daily life. So after conducting the research, it is found that the application and / or absorption of the Islamic values in regional legal products in Madura are divided into two types; firstly; direct absorption and / or application of regional legal products, in the form of Perda or Perbup. Secondly, the absorption and / or application of Islamic legal values to regional legal products do not directly manifest the sharia legal products, but substantially, the material contained in the legal products has absorbed the Islamic values into it.
State Marriage and Civil Marriage: The Role of State Policy on Interreligious Marriage in Central Java Anthin Lathifah
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 15 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v15i1.2689

Abstract

This article discusses interreligious marriage in Central Java, especially in Surakarta, Semarang City and Jepara; places where the policies of stakeholders on judicial system, the role of demographic officials and religious leaders heavily influence each other. The policies of the State Court as an institution authorized to determine interreligious marriage vary from one to another area. For example, the Surakarta State Court receives the petition and establishes interreligious marriage, in contrast to the State Court in Semarang and Jepara which deny the petition of interreligious marriage. It is influenced by several things, namely the understanding of the regulation of marriage laws in Indonesia as well as religious understanding and role of its religious leaders. In the context of state and civil society relations, interreligious couples whose petitions are rejected consider it unfair; even those whose petition is accepted also deem it unfair since they regard their marriage as a civil marriage only, not desired by the state.Artikel ini membahas tentang perkawinan beda agama di Jawa Twngah, khususnya di Surakarta, Kota Semarang dan Kabupaten Jepara, tempat-tempat dimana kebijakan para pemangku kepentingan tentang sistem peradilan, peran pejabat demografik dan pemimpin agama saling mempengaruhi satu sama lain. Kebijakan Pengadilan Negeri sebagai lembaga yang berwenang menentukan perkawinan beda agama bervariasi dari satu daerah dengan daerah yang lain. Pengadilan Negeri Surakarta menerima petisi dan menetapkan perkawinan beda agama, berbeda dengan Pengadilan Negeri Kota Semarang dan Kabupaten Jepara yang menolak permohonan perkawinan beda agama. Perbedaan kebijakan tersebut dipengaruhi oleh beberapa hal, yaitu pemahaman tentang peraturan perundang-undangan perkawinan di Indonesia, pemahaman agama  dan peran para pemimpin agama. Dalam konteks hubungan negara dan masyarakat sipil, pasangan antara agama yang permohonannya ditolak menganggapnya tidak adil; bahkan mereka yang permohonannya diterima juga menganggap itu tidak adil karena mereka menganggap merkawinannya hanyalah perkawinan sipil, yang tidak diinginkan oleh negara.
Gender Sensitivity at Judge's Verdicts in Samarinda and Magelang Religious Courts; The Implementation of PERMA Number 03 of 2017 Lilik Andar Yuni; Murjani Murjani
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 15 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v15i2.2714

Abstract

Allegedly, some of judge’s verdicts are gender-biased that it makes this an interesting research topic. This paper aims to observe gender sensitivity of judges’ verdicts in Samarinda and Magelang Religious Courts as the implementation of PERMA Number 03 of 2017 during 2017-2019. As empirical normative legal research, this study used a qualitative descriptive method as the data analysis. The findings of research are: First, judges’ verdicts, both in ṭalāq and divorce cases, in Magelang Religious Court showed very good gender sensitivity. The different condition occurred in ṭalāq divorce verdicts at Samarinda Religious Court during 2017 and 2018 although in 2019, it showed a little improvement on gender sensitivity. However, verdicts of divorce lawsuit from 2017 to 2019 did not show likewise and it was very poor in gender sensitivity. Second, in Magelang Religious Court, PERMA Number 03 of 2017 had been very well implemented whereas in Samarinda Religious Court, it did not so as there found no much differences between verdicts before issuence of the PERMA and afterward.(Beberapa putusan hakim dinilai bias gender sehingga topik ini menjadi menarik untuk diteliti. Tulisan ini ingin mengkaji sensitivitas gender dalam putusan hakim di Pengadilan Agama Magelang dan Samarinda serta implementasi PERMA Nomor 03 Tahun 2017 selama 2017-2019. Sebagai penelitian hukum normatif empiris, tulisan ini menggunakan metode analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Temuan penelitian adalah: Pertama, putusan hakim di Pengadilan Agama Magelang, baik dalam kasus cerai ṭalāq maupun cerai gugat, sudah menunjukkan sensitivitas gender yang sangat baik. Sementara itu untuk Pengadilan Agama Samarinda, putusan cerai ṭalāq pada 2017 dan 2018 tidaklah demikian meski ada sedikit kemajuan dalam hal sensitivitas gender pada putusan-putusan tahun 2019. Buruknya sensitivitas gender juga tampak di berbagai putusan cerai gugat di Pengadilan Agama Samarinda sejak 2017 sampai 2019. Kedua, PERMA Nomor 03 Tahun 2017 sudah terimplementasi dengan sangat baik di Pengadilan Agama Magelang. Namun demikian, hal yang sama tidak ditemukan di Pengadilan Agama Samarinda sebab keberadaan PERMA tersebut tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap putusan-putusan yang dikeluarkan sebelum maupun sesudahnya)
The Meaning of Happiness and Religiosity for Pre-Prosperous Family: Study in Manado, Bandar Lampung, and Yogyakarta Ahmad Rajafi; Naili Adilah Hamhij; Suyatno Ladiqi
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 15 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v15i1.2729

Abstract

The results of this research (2017) want to explain the correlation between happiness and religiosity for poor families. The locus of this research is in the city of Manado, North Sulawesi Province, Bandar Lampung City, Lampung Province, and Yogyakarta City in Yogyakarta Special Region Province. This research is important because there is an assumption in the community that even poor people who are religious are certainly not happy. This assumption is further answered in this study, where there is a positive and significant relationship between happiness and religiosity in poor families in Yogyakarta, but not for Manado and Bandar Lampung. The highest level of happiness is in the city of Yogyakarta and the highest level of religiosity is in the city of Manado. This difference occurs because the concept of happiness for religious poor families in Manado, Yogyakarta and Bandar Lampung has different point of view and has the unique itself.
The Development of Fiqh Munākaḥah (Marriage Jurisprudence) Material Course in Madurese Islamic Universities and Its Relation with Gender Equality and Divorce Prevention Maimun Maimun; Ainul Haq Nawawi; Abdul Haq Syawqi
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 15 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v15i2.2734

Abstract

Abstract:Explanation of Law 1/1974, number 4 point e, obviously accentuates the principle of complicating divorce process such as requirement to have specific reasons and obligation to perform divorce in front of the court trial. The second is in line with article 115 of KHI (Kompilasi Hukum Islam; Islamic Compilation Book). These show how divorce requires prevention from both persons and institutions, including Islamic universities. Islamic universities have both academic and social responsibilities to prevent divorce due to their strategic duties and function in community development and empowerment, specifically for spreading knowledge, technology and artwork. This research aims to identify how far Madurese Islamic universities perform their roles and function by designing fiqh munakahat materials for its students as prospective husbands and wives. It focuses on whether the materials get developed and are compatible with gender equality and divorce prevention efforts. Using qualitative approach particularly its phenomenological type, this study took place in several Madurese Islamic universities. It revealed that the latest development of fiqh munakahat materials are still more about normative study from classical fiqh literature that it has no relevance to either gender equality spirit or  divorce prevention effort.Abstrak:(Penjelasan UU Nomor I/1974, angka 4 huruf e, jelas menekankan prinsip untuk mempersukar perceraian dengan mewajibkan alasan-alasan tertentu serta mengharuskan proses perceraian dilakukan di depan siding pengadilan. Point kedua tersebut juga senada dengan KHI Pasal 115. Ini membuktikan bahwa perceraian harus dicegah oleh siapapun, baik perorangan ataupun instansi, termasukPerguruan Tinggi Islam. Perguruan Tinggi Islam memiliki tanggung jawab akademik dan social karena tugas dan fungsinya yang strategis dalam pengembangan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat, terutama dalam penyebaran pengetahuan, teknologi dan seni. Untuk mengetahui sejauh mana Perguruan Tinggi Islam di Madura menjalankan peran dan fungsinya tersebut, penelitian ini menelusuri kajian fiqh munakahat sebagai bahan konsumsi bagi calon-calon suami dan istri, khususnya apakah materi-materi tersebut sudah berkembang dan sesuai dengan wacana kesetaraan gender dan upaya pencegahan perceraian. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berjenis fenomenologis, penelitian ini mengambil setting di beberapa Perguruan Tinggi Islam di Madura. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan terbaru kajian fiqh munakahat masih didominasi kajian normative dari sumber fiqh klasik sehingga belum relevan dengan semangat kesetaraan gender maupun pencegahan perceraian).
Analysis of Legal Change for Women Traveling Without Mahram: A Case Study of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Royal Decree No. M/134 of 2019 Firqah Annajiyah Mansyuroh
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 14 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v14i2.2785

Abstract

This paper departs from the problem of why the government of Saudi Arabia changed its policy on women's rights in the public sphere by using case study No. Royal Decree No. M / 134 of 2019 concerning the lifting of the ban on women traveling without a mahram. This is interesting because Saudi Arabia is a country that is notorious for not allowing women to travel without male relatives. This is due to the social conditions of Saudi Arabia's society which are very closely related to the culture of the Patriarchy which constructs the thought of the division of roles between women and men. Seeing this fact, a comprehensive explanation is needed to explain the reasons behind the Saudi government's decision in the current situation. This research explores the factors that hold up the decision made using the feminism approach and analyzes the relationship between social change theory and legal reform. The main factor of women's freedom to travel without mahram is undeniably driven by the influence of economic and social changes. This is because the Saudis want their 2030 Vision to be achieved.
The Implementation of PERMA Number 3 of 2017 Concerning The Guidelines For Dealing With Women's Cases on Laws As an Effort of Women Empowerment In The Judiciary in Madura Siti Musawwamah
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 15 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v15i1.2883

Abstract

Women empowerment in the judiciary institution had actually been sought for since the moment of rule enforcement on reasons for divorce and implementation of (valid) divorce before a court hearing. This policy is an affirmation of legal renewal in the UUP (marriage law) and KHI (Compilation of Islamic Law) as well as an entry point for the law protection on women through the guarantee of legal certainty and opportunity to fight for their rights in divorce decisions, including right of gaining nafkah māḍiyah (past/indebted), nafkah 'iddah, nafkah mut’ah, shared assets, haḍānah (child custody) and childcare costs. The problem relates to the execution of the judiciary decision as it deals with some problems. One of which is the fact that there found no rule regarding with mechanism/method as well as time limit for the implementation, while the divorce pledge would be expired within 6 months after the decree of pledge permission. Accordingly, the Supreme Court’s policy to issue PERMA number 3 of 2017 concerning the guidelines for adjudicating women's cases in law shows its significance. Using a qualitative research design, this paper aimed at describing the implementation of PERMA number 3 of 2017 in religious courts in Madura, identifying constraints in its implementation, and explaining in detail the solutions to overcome the constraints. The results of this study are expected to be beneficial as an attempt to empower women by removing all barriers they cope with. Furthermore, it also enables them to gain access on justice without any discrimination in the justice system particularly in the religious court system at all levels, namely the first level, appeal, and cassation.
Resistance Strategies of Madurese Moslem Women against Domestic Violence in Rural Society Fahruddin Ali Sabri; Arif Wahyudi; Fatekhul Mujib
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 15 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v15i1.3083

Abstract

Although regarded as weak, helpless and vulnerable for violence, some rural Madurese women are no longer silent and passive in coping with domestic violence they experience. This study aims to identify the survivors’ experiences and choices they made as resistance strategies to reduce or end the violence. The focus was on whether the choices fit with sharia teaching. The study uses empirical legal research and anthropological theory of law and fiqh approach to analyze data. It finds that women who try to take a dispute resolution process show their active attitude and courage to voice injustice, discomfort or disagreement in their domestic life. Some of their strategies fit with shariah teaching while others do not so. However anthropologically, their choice to stop the violence is for the sake of maintaining their marital relation. In the legal sub-culture, they have well considered potential profits and losses as well as the needs or interests they want to get.