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Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial
Published by Institut Agama Islam Negeri Madura
ISSN : 1907591X     EISSN : 24423084     DOI : https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v15i2.2734
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Social,
Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial is a high-quality open- access peer-reviewed research journal published by the Faculty of Sharia, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Madura, Pamekasan, East Java, Indonesia. The focus is to provide readers with a better understanding of Islamic Jurisprudence and Law concerning plurality and living values in Indonesian and Southeast Asian society by publishing articles and research reports. Al-Ihkam specializes in Islamic Jurisprudence and Indonesian and Southeast Asian Islamic Law and aims to communicate original research and relevant current issues. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. It aims primarily to facilitate scholarly and professional discussion over current developments on Islamic Jurisprudence and Law concerning Indonesian and Southeast Asian plurality and living values. Publishing articles exclusively in English or Arabic since 2018, the journal seeks to expand boundaries of Indonesian Islamic Law discourses to access broader English or Arabic speaking contributors and readers worldwide. Hence, it welcomes contributions from international legal scholars, professionals, representatives of the courts, executive authorities, researchers, and students. Al-Ihkam basically contains topics concerning Jurisprudence and Indonesian and Southeast Asian Islamic Law society. Novelty and recency of issues, however, are the priority in publishing. The range of contents covers established Jurisprudence, Indonesian and Southeast Asian Islamic Law society, local culture, to various approaches on legal studies such as comparative Islamic law, political Islamic Law, and sociology of Islamic law and the likes.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Studi Agama
Articles 386 Documents
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Istiglâlu Barâati al-Ikhtirâ’ fî al-Qânûn al-Indûnîsî Dirâsah Fiqhiyah Taqwîmiyah Husnul Haq; Arif Ali Arif
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 15 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v15i1.3110

Abstract

Patent has a prominent place in people’s nowadays lives as it becomes the main mover of their advancement as well as a barometer of a nation’s development and treasure. Countries with a huge percentage of patents occupy higher position and get stronger political influence than others. Therefore, the worldwide countries have agreed to conduct agreements to protect the patent through so called Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). Indonesian’s signing on the agreement was then followed by a legal cover in the field of patent through Law number 13 of 2016. This study aims to examine the concept of exploitation in the Indonesian Law using Islamic jurisprudence as the evaluative instrument. It focuses on how far the congruity between both in portraying the patent and punishment for its exploitation is. We use analytical and critical method as well as comparative ones. The careful study on this law and Islamic jurisprudence including its principles and purposes makes it clear that both agree on patent as a part of wealth and property and therefore, it needs protection as well as rules on punishment for the aggressors. Both also share the same opinion on patent exploitation rules whether personal exploitation or through a license contract. However, Islamic jurisprudence has established procedures for patent exploitation and one of which is that it should not harm others.
Dhamânu Muntijâti al-Halâl li Himâyati Huqûqi al-Mustahlikîn M Cholil Nafis
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 15 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v15i2.3660

Abstract

AbstractPatent has a prominent place in people’s lives, as it constitutes a basic engine of progress, and becomes measure of the progress and richness of nations. Countries that possess a huge percentage of patents occupy high positions among other countries and have political influence against other countries. Therefore, the countries of the world have agreed to conduct agreements to protect it, on top of which is the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). When the State of Indonesia agreed to sign this agreement, it had to provide legal cover in the field of patent through Law number 13 of 2016. After careful study of this law and Islamic jurisprudence, including its principles, and its purposes, the research sees that the Indonesian Law and Islamic Jurisprudence agree that patent is considered as wealth and property. So, they agree on the necessity of patent protection, and imposing the punishment for the aggressor. They also agree on the patent exploitation, whether it is personal exploitation or through a license contract. However, Islamic jurisprudence has established controls for the exploitation of innocence, the most important of which is that exploitation does not harm others. ملخص البحثالتشريع القانوني وضمان المنتجات الحلال للمستهلكين المسلمين من أهم أمر أساسي. وذلك أن من واجبات المسلم أن لا يقتصرالاهتمام باستهلاك المنتجات الخالية من المخاطر الكيميائية والمواد الضارة بالصحة، بالإضافة إلى ذلك فلابد أيضا أن يهتم بحلال المنتجات من ناحية ماهيتها ومعالجتها وفقا للتشريع الإسلامي. وكذلك يجب أن تكون منتجات الملابس مطهرة وليست مصنوعة من أشياء نجسة، لأنها تفسد العبادة والصحة النفسية. دستور الدولة والقوانين واللوائح التي نتص على ضمان منتجات الحلال هي دليل على التزام الحكومة بالتواجد في توفير الحماية للمسلمين هم أعظم المستهلكين في إندونيسيا. أصبح القانون رقم 33 سنة 2014 بشأن ضمان المنتج الحلال والذي دخل حيز التنفيذ في 17 أكتوبر 2019، هو نقطة البداية أن الدولة توفر ضمانات وحمايات لمواطنيها للحصول على الغذاء والأدوية والمواد المستهلكة وفقًا لإرشادات الإيمان. ومع ذلك، فإن تنفيذ القانون وتطبيقه لا يزال يحتوي على استثنائية السلطة التقديرية (حرية التصرف) بشأن رسومات الكلفة حيث أصبحت عملية تفتيش الحلال تحت رعاية سلطة منظمة تحليل الغذاء والأدوية مستحضرات التجميل عضو مجلس العلماء الإندونيسي حتى صدور قرار وزير المالية بشأن رسومات كلفة خدمة شهادة الحلال. ولا تزال هذه استثنائية السلطة التقديرية (حرية التصرف) تؤثر بشكل أو بآخر على برنامج إلزام شهادة الحلال لكل منتجات يتم تسويقها في إندونيسيا من خلال إلصاق علامة/ختم الحلال. 
Moluccas Local Wisdom in the Role of Marriage Arbitrator for Preventing Domestic Violence Ahmad Lonthor; La Jamaa
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 15 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v15i2.3677

Abstract

This research aims to reveal the Moluccas local wisdom through the existence of marriage arbitrators among Muslim community in Salahutu, Leihitu, and West Leihitu, Central Maluku. The data were collected through observation and interviews with community leaders, marriage arbitrators and their married sisters and then analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The research results showed that the marriage arbitrators come from a male distant relative who was appointed by custom as a part of the marriage custom. The appointment aims to strengthen the family relationship between the bride (married sister) and the arbitrator in which they can help each other. Traditionally, an arbitrator serves to help the bride in both material and non-material aspects, particularly in preventing domestic violence. He can become a mediator, peacemaker, and helper of the economic hardship as well as preventing the married sister from psychological domestic violence. Furthermore, he can also provide protection for his married sister from the threat of her husband’s physical violence. This research found that the role of marriage arbitrators as peacemakers in preventing husband’s violence against their married sisters is relevant to hakamain concept in Islamic law as well as the provisions of "safe houses by the community," in Law No. 23/2004.(Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan peran kearifan lokal saudara kawin  pada masyarakat Muslim di Kecamatan Salahutu, Leihitu dan Leihitu Barat Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara kepada tokoh masyarakat, saudara kawin dan saudari kawin kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa saudara kawin adalah laki-laki dari kerabat jauh yang diangkat secara adat sebagai bagian dari adat perkawinan. Hal itu bertujuan untuk mempererat hubungan kekeluargaan antara saudara kawin dengan saudari kawinnya di mana keduanya bias saling membantu. Secara adat, saudara kawin bertugas membantu mempelai perempuan (istri) dalam hal material maupun non-material, utamanya untuk mencegah tindak kekerasan dalam rumah tangga si saudari kawin. Saudara kawin bisa berperan sebagai penengah, juru damai, sekaligus membantu kesulitan ekonomi keluarga saudari kawinnya, termasuk mencegah terjadinya kekerasan psikis saudari kawinnya. Lebih jauh, saudara kawin juga bisa berperan melindungi saudari kawinnya dari ancaman kekerasan fisik suaminya. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peran saudara kawin sebagai juru damai yang mencegah kekerasan suami kepada istri relevan dengan konsep hakamain dalam hukum Islam serta ketentuan ”rumah aman oleh masyarakat,” dalam Undang-undang RI Nomor 23 Tahun 2004)
Fiqh And Custom Negotiation In Inheritance Dispute Tradition At Mataraman Society, East Java Miftahul Huda; Niswatul Hidayati; Khairil Umami
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 15 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v15i2.3787

Abstract

This article reveals the negotiation model in inheritance dispute resolution among Mataraman society at East Java as a response to the high number of inheritance dispute which often becomes an acute family social problem. Conducting field research on seven families carrying out inheritance distribution process, this article classifies three models of Mataraman society’s negotiation in inheritance dispute resolution. They are negotiation using formulation of theology cum tradition, negotiation using fiqh cum tradition, and negotiation using indigenous wisdom and diversity. Among the three, the formulation of fiqh cum tradition comes as the mainstream solution and offer because it is a middle way to resolve inheritance disputes for the sake of assets unity and harmonious family relationship. It also becomes a role model for social based negotiation process for inheritance distribution in a multicultural society.(Artikel ini menggali model negosiasi dalam penyelesaian sengketa waris pada masyarakat Mataraman Jawa Timur sebagai respons atas tingginya angka sengketa waris yang muncul di masyarakat dan acapkali menjadi sengketa akut sosial keluarga. Dengan melakukan riset lapangan terhadap tujuh keluarga yang mengalami proses pembagian waris, artikel ini mengklasifikasi tiga model formulasi dalam proses negosiasi penyelesaian sengketa waris di masyarakat Mataraman. Ketiganya adalah negosiasi dengan formulasi teologi agama cum adat, negosiasi dengan formulasi fiqh cum adat, dan negosiasi dengan formulasi kearifan dan keragaman lokal. Dari ketiga formulasi tersebut, model fiqh cum adat menjadi tawaran sekaligus solusi mainstream karena merupakan jalan tengah penyelesaian sengketa waris di masyarakat demi keutuhan aset dan keharmonisan hubungan keluarga. Kategori tersebut sekaligus menjadi role model atas proses negosiasi dalam tradisi pembagian waris berdimensi sosial dalam masyarakat multikultur) 
The Understanding of Wasl Al-Fiqh Bi Al-Hadith at Traditional Dayah Aceh lazuardi muhammad latif; Faisal Bin Ahmad Shah
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 16 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v16i1.3911

Abstract

Wasl al-Fiqh bi al-Hadith integrates jurisprudence and hadith so that it enables fiqh experts to rely on hadith in formulating their rulings while hadith experts can derive a more accurate interpretation. Among others, this concept is applied at Aceh traditional dayah as the oldest Islamic educational institution in the Malay Archipelago which Acehness put their respect as the reference in Islamic rulings and teaching. This field study took place at Dayah Mudi Mesra, Samalanga, Aceh, due to its long-established reputation and great influence among Acehnese. The study aims to shed some light on the concept of wasl al-Fiqh bi al-Hadith according to some Islamic scholars, analyze the concept as perceived by the traditional Dayah of Aceh, and portray the polemic on Friday prayer ritual as prescribed by the traditional Dayah. The study employs qualitative data collection instruments consisting of library data, interviews, observations, and documentation. Inductive, deductive, and comparative methods were used for data analysis. The study found that implementation of this concept at the Dayah has been synonymous with the exclusive adoption of Shafi’i school as it heavily relies on several Shafi’i books or opinions of Shafi’i scholars as primary references.(Wasl al-Fiqh bi al-Hadith memadukan kajian fiqh dan hadis sehingga ahli fiqh dapat berpedoman kepada hadis dalam merumuskan aturan-aturan hukum sementara ahli hadis dapat mengetahui makna sebuah hadis dengan lebih akurat. Konsep ini salah satunya diterapkan di Dayah Tradisional Aceh, sebuah lembaga kajian Islam tertua di Kepulauan Melayu yang disegani dan menjadi rujukan dalam hal aturan serta ajaran Islam di masyarakat setempat. Kajian ini merupakan studi lapangan yang bertempat di Dayah Mudi Mesra Samalanga Aceh karena pengaruhnya yang sudah lama dan berakar kuat bagi masyarakat Aceh. Ia bertujuan mendalami konsep wasl al-fiqh bi al-hadith menurut para cendekiawan Muslim, mengkaji pemahaman akan konsep wasl al-fiqh bi al-hadith di kalangan Dayah tersebut dan memotret polemik soal pelaksanaan Salat Jumat di dalamnya. Kajian ini merupakan studi kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data secara pustaka, wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sementara itu, analisis data dilakukan secara induktif, deduktif, dan komparatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi konsep tersebut sebenarnya tidak lebih dari adopsi eksklusif terhadap madzhab Syafi’i karena ketergantungan yang demikian kuat pada buku-buku madzhab Syafi’i serta pandangan ulama-ulama Syafi’iyyah sebagai referensi utama)
Green Fatwas in Bahtsul Masāil: Nahdlatul Ulama's Response to the Discourse on the Environmental Crisis in Indonesia Moh. Mufid
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 15 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v15i2.3956

Abstract

AbstractThis article aims to discuss environmental issues in the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) tradition as a response to the phenomenon of the environmental crisis in Indonesia. This article answers the question of what is the social context that underlies the birth of the fatwas with ecological nuances among Nahdlatul Ulama? and how is the contribution of Nahdlatul Ulama in realizing eco-literacy among Nahdliyin? The results of the study indicate that the emergence of ecological fatwas or green fatwas was based on the concern of the Nahdlatul Ulama Executive Board as the largest Islamic organization in Indonesia who realized that the phenomenon of the environmental crisis in Indonesia was increasingly concerning. The idea to respond to this environmental crisis phenomenon has occurred since the 29th NU Congress in Cipasung, Tasikmalaya, West Java. The contribution of the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) through the Bahtsul Masail Institute in realizing an environmentally conscious society (eco-literacy) is by formulating ecological nuances from a fiqh perspective as a guide for Nahdliyin in interacting with its environment in a friendly and sustainable manner. In this context, Nahdliyin residents are obliged to fight for the values of environmental preservation (jihād bi'iyah) as a manifestation of the ethical-ecological responsibility of the khalīfah on earth. (Artikel ini bertujuan mendiskusikan respon Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) terhadap fenomena krisis lingkungan di Indonesia. Ia membidik konteks sosial yang melatari lahirnya fatwa-fatwa bernuansa ekologis di kalangan Nahdlatul Ulama serta konstribusinya dalam mewujudkan eco-literacy di kalangan Nahdliyin. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa lahirnya fatwa-fatwa ekologis atau green fatwas dilatari keprihatinan Pengurus Besar Nahdlatul Ulama yang menyadari bahwa fenomena krisis lingkungan di Indonesia semakin memprihatinkan. Gagasan untuk merespon terhadap fenomena krisis lingkungan ini telah muncul sejak Muktamar NU ke-29 di Cipasung, Tasikmalaya, Jawa Barat. Konstribusi Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) melalui forum Bahtsul Masail dalam mewujudkan masyarakat yang sadar lingkungan (eco-literacy) adalah dengan merumuskan fatwa-fatwa bernuansa ekologis dalam perspektif fiqh sebagai panduan bagi Nahdliyin dalam berinteraksi dengan lingkungannya secara ramah dan berkelanjutan. Dalam konteks ini, warga Nahdliyin diwajibkan memperjuangkan nilai-nilai pelestarian lingkungan hidup (jihād bi’iyah) sebagai manifestasi tanggungjawab etis-ekologis khalīfah di bumi)
Ighlāq al-Masājid Man’an lī intishār Fayrūs Corona Dirāsah Taḥlīlīyah fī Ḍaw’ Maqāṣid al-Sharī`ah Habeebullah Zakariyah; Turki Obaid Al-Marri; Bouhedda Ghalia
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 15 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v15i2.4018

Abstract

Many Muslim countries prohibit mosques opening because social gathering is regarded as a high probable factor for Corona Virus infection. This paper discusses different opinions of some contemporary scholars on this issue from the Maqāṣidī perspective. It adopts an analytical method to explain the opinions. Findings show that contemporary scholars are of two group: The first group permits the mosques’ closure for realizing the divine objective concerning to life protection out of danger. The second thinks that the mosques’s closure amounts to suspension of congregational prayer as one of Islamic essential exterior rites. The findings illustrate that the life protection constitutes a necessary benefit because putting life in danger is a very serious harm. The life protection is more important than congregational prayer’s objective which complements the necessary objective of religious protection. Moreover, it shares the spirit with the principle saying that any means to achieving what is compulsory also becomes compulsory accordingly. Above all, prohibition of congregational prayer is just a momentary legal permit due to a necessity on its merit the research recommends that religious institution should make people aware to take all measures in stopping the spread of Covid-19 pandemic.أمرت كثير من الدول الإسلامية بإغلاق المساجد باعتبار أن التجمع فيها يمثل سببا محتملا لوقوع العدوى. تهدف الورقة إلى مناقشة آراء العلماء المعاصرين وأدلتهم تجاه هذه القضية وتحليلها في ضوء مقاصد الشريعة. استخدمت الورقة المنهج التحليلي في بيان آراء العلماء المعاصرين والموازنة بين المقاصد. أظهرت نتائج الورقة أن العلماء المعاصرين منقسمون إلى قسمين: فطائفة ترى جواز إغلاق المساجد؛ لأنه يحقق مقصود الشارع في حفظ النفوس من الهلاك، وطائفة أخرى ترى أن هذا الإغلاق تعطيل لشعيرة صلاة الجماعة التي هي شعيرة من شعائر الإسلام الظاهرة. كما أوضحت النتائج أن مصلحة حفظ النفس تمثل مقصدا ضروريا وفوات الأنفس ضرر لا يمكن جبره؛ وهو أقوى في مرتبته من مقصد الصلاة جماعة من حيث إنه في مرتبته مكمل لضروري حفظ الدين. وأن تعطيل الجماعة في الصلاة يمثل رخصة مؤقتة ولضرورة تقدر بقدرها، ولأنها شعار المسلمين، فهو مصلحة مكملة لضروري حفظ الدين، وعليه فالتعارض واقع بين مقصدين متفاوتين في المرتبة، وعليه، فالقول بفتوى غلق المساجد أرجح باعتبار تحقيق المناط؛ ولأنه يحقق مقاصد الشريعة العليا المتمثلة في حفظ الأنفس المعصومة من الهلاك في الجملة. وتوصي الورقة المؤسسات الدينية بالقيام بتوعية الناس بأهمية اتخاذ التدابير الاحترازية لمنع تفشي هذه الجائحة العالمية "كوفيد-19".
Critical Review of Domestic Violence as Reason for Divorce (Comparison of Divorce Laws in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Maldives) Martina Purna Nisa
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 16 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v16i1.4292

Abstract

The phenomenon of domestic violence is on the rise every year and often puts a marriage into divorce. Divorce on the grounds of domestic violence frequently appears in the courtroom of Religious Courts in Indonesia as stipulated in Article 19 letter d PP No. 9 of 1975. It affirms that one party committing cruelty or severe persecution that endangers another party can be the legal reason for divorce. And then what about other Muslim countries? This research is library research with a descriptive-analytical method using a juridical normative approach. It found that domestic violence is accommodated as one of the reasons for divorce in family law in Indonesia, Malaysia (Negeri Sembilan, Persekutuan Pulau Pinang, Selangor dan Johor), and the Maldives. However, there are differences in granting the right for filing a divorce because of domestic violence. Divorce law in Indonesia and Malaysia enables both husband and wife to file for divorce because of domestic violence while Maldives law only enables the wife to do so. Fenomena kekerasan dalam rumah tangga selalu meningkat setiap tahunnya dan seringkali menjadi sebab perceraian. Perceraian karena kekerasan dalam rumah tangga sering muncul di ruang sidang pengadilan agama di Indonesia. Ini sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 19 huruf d PP No. 9 Tahun 1975 bahwa salah satu pihak yang melakukan kekejaman atau penganiayaan berat yang membahayakan pihak lain dapat menjadi alasan hukum terjadinya perceraian. Lalu bagaimana dengan di negara-negara Muslim lainnya? Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian pustaka (library research) yang bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan normatif yuridis. Dalam penelitian ini diperoleh temuan bahwa kekerasan dalam rumah tangga diakomodir sebagai alasan perceraian dalam hukum keluarga di Indonesia, Malaysia (Negeri sembilan, Persekutuan Pulau Pinang, Selangor dan Johor), maupun Maladewa. Hanya saja, terdapat perbedaan dalam hak mengajukan perceraian karena kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Hukum perceraian di Indonesia dan Malaysia membolehkan kedua belah pihak untuk mengajukan perceraian karena kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, sementara hukum Maladewa hanya memungkinkan pihak istri.
Repressing The Fanatism In Madurese Society Achmad Faidi; Achmad Fauzi; Dimas Danar Septiadi
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 16 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v16i1.4302

Abstract

The strong fanaticism and sensitivity of the Madurese society to issues of religious diversities, beliefs or differences in understanding and socio-religious organizations in Madura, make it prone to conflict in the community, such as the Shiite conflict that has occurred in Sampang District, and the difficulty of building worship places for some minority group. The hegemony of a particular religion or religious understanding is the most dominant in the midst of Madurese society, requires the right way to foster attitudes and understanding of the values of tolerance and diversity. This article describes the importance of building public legal awareness through legal culture strengthening in society. The historical normative approach is as the main foundation, such as; the conception of tolerance in religious texts (al-Qur'an and al-hadith), in the Medina Charter, the conception of human rights in the Cairo Declaration, in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), in the 1945 Constitution of Republic of Indonesia as well as several other laws governing religious tolerance and human rights in Indonesia.This article concludes that it is considered important to strengthen the legal culture in society, in order to build public legal awareness and to maximize the function of several existing legal products; especially regarding to the building of tolerance in religions and beliefs that prevail in Indonesia, considering that building the public legal awareness is not enough only being built by the legal substance and legal structure. Strengthening the legal culture can be built through a variety of massive socialization instruments through public spaces, both in academic areas, such as universities and other social institutions.(Kuatnya fanatisme dan sensitifitas masyarakat madura terhadap isu-isu perbedaan agama, keyakinan atau perbedaan paham dan oraganiasi sosial keagamaan di Madura, menyebabkan rawan munculnya konflik di masyarakat, seperti konflik Syi’ah yang pernah terjadi di Kabupaten Sampang, serta susahnya membangun tempat Ibadah bagi sebagian kelompok minoritas. Hegemoni suatu agama atau paham keagamaan tertentu yang paling dominan di tengah-tengah masyarakat Madura, membutuhkan cara yang tepat guna menumbuhkan sikap dan pemahaman tentang nilai-nilai toleransi dan keberagaman. Artikel ini mengurai tentang pentingnya membangun kesadaran hukum masyarakat melalui penguatan legal culture di masyarakat. Pendekatan normative historis sebagai dasar pijakan utama, seperti; konsepsi toleransi dalam teks agama (al-Qur’an dan al-hadits), dalam Piagam Madinah (Madinah Charter), konsepsi HAM dalam Deklarasi Kairo, dalam Universal Declaration of Human Right (UDHR), dalam Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945 serta beberapa Undang-undang lainnya yang mengatur tentang Toleransi beragama dan HAM di Indonesia. Artikel ini berkesimpulah bahwa dipandang penting menguatkan legal culture di masyarakat, dalam rangka membangun kesadaran hukum masyarakat dan memaksimalkan fungsi beberapa produk hukum yang ada, khususnya tentang membangun toleransi beragama dan berkeyakinan yang berlaku di Indonesia, menginat menumbuhkan kesadaran hukum masyarakat tidak cukup hanya dibangun oleh unsur legal substance dan legal structure. Penguatan legal culture dapat dibangun melalui berbagai instrument sosialiasi yang massif melalui ruang-ruang publik, baik dilingkup akedemik, sepert perguruan tinggi maupun lembaga-lembanga social kemasyarakatan lainnya)
Measuring "Village Regulations" in Urban Community Relations in the City of Bukittinggi, West Sumatra Helfi Helfi; Fajrul Wadi; Beni Firdaus; Dahyul Daipon
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 16 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v16i1.4340

Abstract

Migrant workers usually come to a city for economic reason as cities are still deemed to provide much available economic opportunities. Urban communities, on the other hand, typically preserve village regulation that they specifically formulate in dealing with comers like what occurs in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra. On the basis of it, this article aims to portray the village regulation taking sample at the Campago Guguak Bulek Nagari, Mandiangin Koto Selayan, Bukittinggi, West Sumatra. The research problems are on the current village regulation from its establishment, form, dissemination, sanction, stratification of legal subjects, and the effect as well as how the regulation will look like in the future. This is a qualitative normative research using in-depth interview with comers who directly deal with local regulations as well as local communities as the one who preserve the regulation. It found that regulations at Bukittinggi emphasize protection of the local economy and socio-cultural aspect. More specifically, it aims to regulate life together, protect rights and obligations as well as social institutions, maintain safety and order, and improve community welfare. This all make the village regulation deserve for future preservation. (Salah satu alasan perantau mendatangi sebuah kota biasanya adalah faktor ekonomi. Kota-kota besar hingga hari ini masih dianggap menawarkan banyak peluang ekonomi. Masyarakat kota, di sisi lain, biasanya memiliki berbagai aturan khusus bagi para pendatang seperti yang terjadi di Bukittinggi, Sumatera Barat. Dari situ, artikel ini ingin memotret hubungan antara aturan lokal di Bukittinggi dengan para pendatang di situ, khususnya di Kelurahan Campago Guguak Bulek, Mandiangin Koto Selayan, Bukittinggi, Sumatra Barat. Pertanyaan penelitian ini adalah seputar peraturan kampung yang berlaku mulai dari pembentukan, bentuk-bentuk, sosialisasi, sanksi, subyek hukum, dan efeknya. Selain itu, akan dilihat juga bagaimana prediksi akan ‘nasib’ peraturan ini di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini bersifat normatif-kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam kepada para pendatang maupun komunitas lokal sebagai salah satu metode penggalian data utamanya. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa aturan-aturan tersebut menitikberatkan pada perlindungan sosial—ekonomi lokal, utamanya perihal aturan-aturan hidup berdampingan, perlindungan hak dan kewajiban, pranata sosial, jaminan keamanan dan ketentraman, serta peningkatan kesejahteraan. Inilah yang membuat peraturan tersebut layak untuk tetap berlaku hingga di masa mendatang)

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