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MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman
ISSN : 08520720     EISSN : 25023616     DOI : 10.30821
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman is a peer reviewed academic journal, established in 1976 as part of the State Islamic University of North Sumatra Medan (see: video), dedicated to the publication of scholarly articles in various branches of Islamic Studies, by which exchanges of ideas as research findings and contemporary issues are facilitated. MIQOT is accredited as an academic journal by the Ministry of Education and Culture, Republic of Indonesia (SK Dirjen Dikti No. 040/P/2014) valid through February 2019. Miqot welcomes contributions of articles in such fields as Quranic Studies, Prophetic Traditions, Theology, Philosophy, Law and Economics, History, Education, Communication, Literature, Anthropology, Sociology, and Psychology.
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Articles 361 Documents
PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PADA ANAK DALAM PENDEKATAN ISLAM DAN PSIKOLOGI Nurussakinah Daulay
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 39, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v39i1.51

Abstract

Abstrak:Karakter atau akhlak anak yang baik tidak muncul secara tiba-tiba tanpa melalui proses pendidikan. Salah satu cara dalam pendidikan karakter anak adalah menerapkan pendidikan agama pada anak sejak dini. Tulisan ini mengkaji bagaimana pendidikan karakter anak dalam pendekatan Islam dan psikologi. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa Islam dan Psikologi memiliki pandangan dan tujuan yang sama dalam memaknai pendidikan karakter pada anak. Setiap orangtua dituntut menggunakan teknik dan pendekatan yang tepat dalam mengembangkan kepribadian anak sesuai dengan tujuan pendidikan Islam, yaitu mendidik budi pekerti dan jiwa. Salah satu metode yang harus difungsikan adalah agama. Dalam pendidikan agama Islam dan teori Psikologi diajarkan prinsip-prinsip penting, seperti: keimanan, keteladanan, kedisiplinan, nasihat, hukum dan ganjaran yang diberikan orangtua kepada anak sejak dini dalam keluarga sehingga pendidikan agama bermakna melahirkan orang yang beriman, beribadah dan berakhlak. Ketiga domain ini menuju kepada terbentuknya karakter yang baik.Abstract: Child’s Character Building in Islamic and Psychological Approaches. Character or good morals of a child will not be materialized as such without going through the process of education. One way to improve the good character in children is to adapt to religious education from an early age. The author concludes that Islam and psychology perceive similar views and goals in comprehending child’s character building. In carrying outthe process of religious educationfor children in the family, the parentis requiredto use appropri atetechniques and approaches that it may affect personal development ofthe childin accordancewith Islamic educational objective, namely developing the character and psychological aspects. One of the methods that should be applied is the religion. In Islamic religious education and theory of psychology important principles are thought, such as: creed, exemplar, discipline, guidance, law, discipline, reward and punishment, all which will produce true believers, observance and good character. Thethree aspets will consequently lead tothe formation ofgood character, especiallymoral education.Kata Kunci: Psikologi, pendidikan karakter, agama, akhlak, jiwa
EPISTEMOLOGI PSIKOLOGI ISLAM Basri Basri
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 37, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v37i1.78

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Abstrak: Salah satu Persoalan krusial yang sekarang  dihadapi oleh Psikologi  Islam adalah tentang epistemologi. Dalam konteks ini terjadi keterputusan hubungan antara epistemologi yang dibangun para ulama terdahulu dengan para ilmuwan Psikologi Islam saat ini. Menurut penulis artikel ini, ilmuwan Psikologi Islam saat ini lebih berpijak pada epistemologi psikologi barat liberal, yang hanya memprioritas- kan akal dan pengalaman empirik. Untuk itu, artikel ini berupaya mengkaji gagasan tentang epistemologi Psikologi Islam yang dibentuk berdasarkan pandangan wahyu tentang kemungkinan manusia memiliki pengetahuan, mengetahui realitas dan dirinya sendiri, yang menjadi prasyarat sebelum manusia mengetahui realitas di luar dirinya. Hal ini bukan menafikan akal dan pengalaman empirik manusia. Namun, karena wahyu menempati posisi paling utama, maka akal dan pengalaman empirik harus tunduk pada bimbingan dan kebenaran wahyu. Kebenaran wahyu mutlak transendental sementara akal sebagai anugerah Allah memiliki keterbatasan.Abstract: The Epistemology of Islamic Psychology. One of the crucial issues faced by Islamic psychology is on epistemology. In this context, there exists dichotomy between epistemology founded by the learned Islamic scholars of the past with those of the present. According to the writer, the current Islamic psychology scholars are more inclined to the epistemology of liberal Western psychology that gives intellect and empirical sense priority. Thus, this article attempts to study Islamic psychology epistemology ideas established based on the revelation concerning the possibility of man to knowing, to know the reality and to self-knowing as the prerequisite for man before knowing the reality beyond the self. This, however, does not necessary mean denying the importance of intellect and the man’s empirical senses. Nonetheless, since the position of revelation reigns supreme and transcendentally absolute, the intellect and the man’s empirical senses as God-given should go along with the guidance and the truth of the revelation.Kata Kunci: psikologi Islam, epistemologi, wahyu, akal
URGENSI PENERAPAN ASAS PEMBUKTIAN TERBALIK MENURUT HUKUM ACARA ISLAM Budi Kisworo
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 36, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v36i1.110

Abstract

Abstrak: Islam meletakkan keadilan sebagai elemen terpenting dalam kehidupan masyarakat dan kesempurnaan keislaman seseorang terkait erat dengan komitmennya dalam menegakkan keadilan dalam kehidupan. Agar keadilan dapat ditegakkan diperlukan penguasa dan penegak hukum yang bertugas menjamin terlaksananya keadilan secara seimbang dalam masyarakat. Dalam tataran praktikal, penguasa seringkali terkendala oleh sistem pembuktian yang dianut, yakni asas praduga tak bersalah. Akibatnya, kebenaran dan keadilan sulit ditegakkan. Penulis artikel ini berargumen bahwa Islam tidak terlalu terpaku pada sistem atau asas yang digunakan penegak hukum. Sekalipun Islam mengajarkan asas praduga tak bersalah, namun juga membenarkan diterapkannya asas pembuktian terbalik. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa teks-teks ajaran Islam dan kaedah fiqhiyah memberi peluang kepada umat Islam untuk melakukan upaya pembuktian terbalik demi tegaknya keadilan, sesuatu yang dibenarkan, bahkan ada kalanya harus dilakukan.Abstract: The Exigency of the Application of Reversal Burden of Proof Principle in Islamic Law Procedure. Islam places justice as an important element in social life, and the perfection of ones’ islamicity is closely related to his or her commitment in doing justice into practice. In order to preserve justice government and legal authorities are needed guaranteeing that justice is kept upright in society. At the practical level, the authority has always faced with the system of proof being presumed, that is the principle of reversal burden of proof, and thus justice is difficult to be fulfilled. The author argues that Islam has not been confined into system and principle used by legal authorities. Although Islam introduces the principle of innocence, it also acknowledges the application of reversal burden of proof principle. The author concludes that the texts of Islamic teachings and Islamic legal maxim provide room for the Muslim community to exercise reversal burden of proof to maintain justice, something that is permissible if not a necessity to be applied.Kata Kunci: keadilan, hukum Islam, pembuktian terbalik, hukum acara
MEMBANGUN TATANAN SOSIAL MELALUI MORALITAS PEMBUMIAN AJARAN TASAWUF Said Aqil Siradj
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 35, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v35i2.142

Abstract

Abstrak: Perkembangan dunia kontemporer memperlihatkan kecemasan global umat manusia. Dengan kemampuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, tidak jarang manusia Modern melakukan hal-hal yang membahayakan kemanusiaan secara umum. Islam, dengan pandangan batiniahnya, menempatkan manusia sebagai makhluk Ilahiyah yang memiliki fungsi menjelmakan cahaya Ketuhanan di dalam kehidupan. Tulisan ini berusaha memperlihatkan bahwa pembumian ajaran-ajaran sufistik merupakan langkah signifikan dalam mengarahkan tatanan kehidupan dunia yang ramah, anggun dan penuh rahmat bagi sekalian alam. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa bertasawuf pada hakikatnya adalah aktivitas berupa kesadaran manusia yang paling dalam tentang hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan, lingkungan dan sesamanya, yang terilhami oleh kualitas asmâ‘ dan shifat Allah dan kemudian terwujud dalam perilaku sosialnya. Abstract: Developing Social Order through the Morality of the Application of Tasawuf Teachings. The rapid development of contemporary world results in global anxiety of humankind. With the prosperity of scince and technology, modern man has often performed actions that are against humanity in general. Islam with its esoteric perspective places man as godly creature functioning to existentiate the light of the Divine in life. In this writing is it is attempted to show that the application of sufistic teachings is a significant step in directing a friendly and peaceful life of the world order, merciful of God necessary for the whole creatures. The author concludes that in reality, applying tasawuf is an activity that reflect man’s deep consciousness of his relationship with God, the environment and his fellow man inspired by the quality of the names and character of God which are then persevered in the social activities.Kata Kunci: tasawuf,‘irfani, moralitas,dzawq
FATWA MUI TENTANG ALIRAN SESAT DI INDONESIA (1976-2010) Dimyati Sajari
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 39, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v39i1.38

Abstract

Abstrak: Sampai saat ini, tampaknya klaim kebenaran dan penyesatan, bahkan pengkafiran (takfîr), masih terus berlangsung. Di Indonesia, adanya Fatwa ‘Sesat’ Majelas Ulama Indonesia (MUI) mengindikasikan adanya klaim ini. Tulisan ini berupaya melacak pemikiran aliran yang disesatkan MUI. Penulis berargumen bahwa berdasarkan penelitian terhadap Fatwa MUI Bidang Aqidah dan Aliran Keagamaan (1976-2010) dapat diketahui bahwa klaim ini semata-mata merefleksikan peran MUI sebagai pengawal dan penjaga aqidah umat. Selanjutnya, penulis menyatakan bahwa pemikiran aliran-aliran sesat di Indonesia berakar dalam Sejarah Pemikiran Islam dan Fatwa MUI tentang aliran-aliran sesat di Indonesia dan hal ini tidak lebih dari representasi sikap tegas kelompok mayoritas di sepanjang sejarah Islam terhadap kelompok minoritas yang dipandang telah sesat atau kafir keluar dari mainstream. Kendati demikian, kelihatannya aliran sesat akan tetap ada di bumi Indonesia.Abstract: The Ruling of Indonesian Council of Ulama on Heretical Sects in Indonesia (1976-2010). The claims of truth and deception, even condemnation of unbeliever (takfir), still continue to happen to the present time. In Indonesia, the introduction of the Council of Ulama (MUI) ruling or fatwa on misleading sect may proof the widespred claim. This paper attempts to trace the historical dynamics of acclaimed ambiguous sects by the MUI. However, the author argues that based on the study of the MUI fatwa section of Islamic faith and religious school of thoughts (1976-2010) it is revealed that such claim is purely a reflection of the MUI’s role as a safeguard and keeper of the faith of Islamic community. In addition, he further maintains that the thought of the misleading sects in Indonesia is deeply rooted in the history of Islamic thought and MUI fatwa of heretical sects in Indonesia is nothing more than a representation of a firm attitude of the majority throughout Islamic history against minorities of whom have been considered being misguided and go beyond the mainstreams, but nonetheless, it seems that such a sect will remain in the land of Indonesia.Kata Kunci: fatwa, aliran sesat, takfîr, Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI), akidah
OTORITAS HIRARKI KUTUB AL-SITTAH DAN KEMANDEGAN KAJIAN FIKIH Muhammad Habibi Siregar
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 38, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v38i1.54

Abstract

Abstrak: Tulisan ini mencoba melakukan pemetaan masalah yang membuat kajian fikih stagnan sebagaimana diklaim oleh sebagian ilmuwan hukum Islam. Otoritas hierarki Kutub al-Sittah ternyata merupakan persoalan mendasar yang membatasi ulama berijtihad. Hal ini dikarenakan adanya pembatasan terhadap penggunaan kitab-kitab hadis di level tertinggi. Istilah Kutub al-Sittah semestinya diletakkan sebagai kitab fikih, yang ketika penggunaan awalnya dianggap kitab hadis. Menurut penulis, hal ini membuat Kutub al-Sittah cenderung menolak kritikan, sebab ada dimensi kesakralan di dalamnya. Karenanya perlu dilakukan kontekstualisasi terhadap pemahaman nash hadis yang dianggap untuk mengikuti perubahan sosial. Menurut penulis deduksi terhadap nilai teks nash tidak mengenyampingkan teks nash sebagai pijakan dalam pengembangan konsep maslahat. Otentisitas kajian fikih terkait dengan nilai-nilai normatif nash, namun hal tersebut tidak bisa langsung diterapkan dalam kehidupan.Abstract: The Authority of Kutub al-Sittah Hierarchy and the Stagnant of Fiqh Studies. This paper tries to map predicaments that contributed to fiqh studies that had been claimed to be stagnant at least by a few Islamic legal scholars. The authority of Kutub al-Sittah hierarchy, in fact, has become an important problem that restricted the learned scientific community or ulama to practice ijtihad. This stemmed from the limitation of the hadits books use at the highest level. The so called Kutub al-Sittah should be properly signified as fiqh book. According to the author, this makes Kutub al-Sittah seems to be resistant to criticism, due to the sacred and intrinsic dimension in it. Therefore, it is urgent that understanding the argument of Traditions which are relevant and in line with the social dynamics should be contextualized. He also maintains that legal deduction of the text of the Traditions does not necessarily overrule the principle values of the text as a foundation for the maslahat concept. In addition, the argues that the authority of the study of Islamic jurisprudence is closely related to the normative values of the text, but nonetheless such norms could not be directly applied to the real life.Kata Kunci: otoritas, Kutub al-Sittah, fikih
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN HUMANIS DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM Muh. Idris
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 38, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v38i2.101

Abstract

Abstrak: Tulisan ini mengkaji konsep pendidikan humanis dalam pengembangan pendidikan Islam. Dalam kancah pergulatan global dewasa ini kekhawatiran yang muncul adalah hancurnya rasa kemanusiaan dan terkikisnya semangat religius serta kaburnya nilai-nilai kemanusiaan. Globalisasi menjadikan dunia tampak lebih transparan dan terbuka, yang diibaratkan seperti kehidupan desa yang tidak mengenal jarak. Untuk mengantisipasi hal ini, diperlukan pendidikan humanis dalam pengembangan pendidikan Islam. Penulis berkesimpulan bahwa pendidikan humanis dalam bingkai pendidikan Islam, merupakan suatu sistem pemanusiaan manusia yang unik, mandiri, dan kreatif. Dengan kata lain, memandang manusia sebagai makhluk ciptaan Tuhan dengan potensi yang dimilikinya, dan membangun karakter dalam diri manusia yang menghargai martabat manusia sebagai makhluk yang paling sempurna.Abstract: The Concept of Humanistic Education in the Development of Islamic Education.This research examines the concept of humanistic education in the development of Islamic education. What is the main concern of today’s global struggle is the degrading humanity and diminishing the spirit of religiosity and human values. Globalization turns the world to be more transparent and widely open, which is akin to global village without limited by any boundary. To anticipate this situation, humanistic education is urgently required in Islamic education development. The author concludes that humanistic education in the framework of Islamic education is a unique, independent and creative system of humanizing human. In other words, it views humans as creature of God with all potentials, and construct human character that respect human dignity as being the perfect human creatures.Kata Kunci: pendidikan, humanis, Islam, globalisasi.
ISLAM DAN ETIKA PLURALISME Faisar Ananda Arfa
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 35, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v35i1.133

Abstract

Abstract: Islam and the Ethics of Pluralism. One of the most important issues that reemerge in the globalized era is pluralism. In Isalm, since the beginning of its days acknowledges and even practice living in plurality. The prophet Muhammad has introduced this atmosphere since he moved to Medina where the Muslims constituting the Muhajirin and Anshar living together in harmony the Jews and Christians who had been living for quite a long time. This article is aimed at exploring some principles of Islam regarding pluralism as well as analyzing how this concept has become a significant element in modern world.Kata Kunci: Islam, etika pluralisme
PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY IN ISLAM Amiruddin Amiruddin
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 39, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v39i2.29

Abstract

Abstrak: Psikopatologi dan Psikoterapi dalam Islam.Psikopatologi adalah penyakit jiwa yang kerap diderita manusia. Banyak faktor penyebab penyakit ini. Di antaranya adalah kehidupan modern yang ditandai dengan pola hidup yang materialistik, hedonisme dan egoistik. Dalam Islam, psikopatologi  yang bersifat ukhrawi dideskripsikan sebagai bentuk penyimpangan dari norma-norma atau nilai- nilai moral, spiritual dan agama. Ada tiga bagian psikopatologi.Pertama,  yang berkaitan dengan akidah atau berkaitan dengan Tuhan (ilâhiyah), sepertisyirik,kufur,zindiq, dan lain-lain.Kedua, yang berkaitan dengan kemanusiaan (insâniyah), sepertihasud, ‘ujub, ghadab, su’ al-zhan, dan lain-lain. Ketiga, gabungan kedua di atas, seperti riya’ dan nifaq. Psikoterapi adalah proses untuk mengobati penyakit jiwa individu dari berbagai problem. Al-Quran sebagai dasar ajaran Islam memuat informasi mengenai psikoterapi bagi orang-orang yang sakit jiwa. Pendekatan agamis sangat diperlukan untuk melakukan terapi dan mengembalikan kesehatan jiwa. Di samping itu, pendekatan agamis dapat membawa penderita psikopatologis dekat dengan Allah SWT.Abstract: Psychopathology is mental illness that has often suffered by human being. There are several factors that causes this illness, some of which are modern life characterized by materialistic, hedonistic and egoistic lives. In Islam, psychopathology which is described as a form of deviation from norms or moral values, spiritual and religion. Psychopathology is divided into three parts,  namely those associated with faith, humanity and psychopathology which is associated with combination of faith and human being.Meanwhile psychotherapy is an effort to cure mental and psychiatric disorders suffered by individuals. Psychotherapy is a solution to cure various problems of mental disorders. Al-Qur’an, as the principles of Islamic teachings, contain information about psychotherapy for those who suffer from mental disorders. Religious approach is completely needed for therapy and it helps the psychopath recover from his/her mental disorders.TheQur’an could be used as a treatment as well as a preventive step, so that all human being will not suffer from mental disorders, and religious approach can bring the psychopaths closer to God, theAlmighty.Kata Kunci: psikopatalogi, psikoterapi, Islam
ACEH IN HISTORY: Preserving Traditions and Embracing Modernity Amirul Hadi
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 37, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v37i2.92

Abstract

Abstrak: Aceh dalam Sejarah: Mempertahankan Tradisi dan Mengawal Modernitas. Tulisan ini berupaya mendiskusikan secara kritis tentang bagaimana masyarakat Aceh dalam sejarah, sementara mencoba menyesuaikan diri dengan dunia modern, mereka melakukan segala upaya untuk mempertahankan tradisi. Sebagai sebuah etnik yang memiliki masa lalu yang gemilang, Aceh senantiasa memiliki keterikatan kuat dengan “identitas”, dan hal ini dituangkan dalam banyak hal, termasuk “ingatan sosial.” Untuk itu, “tradisi”, digali dan dipertahankan. Namun, tantangan modernitas juga merupakan hal yang harus direspon dan disikapi. Dalam konteks inilah kelihatannya masyarakat Aceh berada di persimpangan jalan. Di satu pihak mereka berupaya mempertahankan tradisi yang telah ada namun juga harus melibatkan diri dalam kehidupan modern. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa masyarakat Aceh masih menemukan kesulitan dalam hal ini, karena mereka masih terpaku kepada “romantisasi sejarah”, bukan “kesadaran sejarah”, sehingga “ruh” masa lalu belum mampu dibawa ke masa kini.Abstract: This paper attempts to critically discuss on how the Acehnese in history, while trying to embrace the modern world, have made every effort at preserving their traditions. As an ethnic group which has a glorious past, Aceh has strongly been connected to “identity”; and this is expressed in various means, including “social memory.” For this very reason, “traditions”, including those of the past, are explored and preserved. Yet, the challenges of modernity are also apparent. It is in this context that the Acehnese are trapped at the crossroad. On the one hand, they tend to preserve their traditions, yet, on the other, they need to embrace modern lives. The Acehnese seem to have encountered considerable obstacles on this issue, for they tend to focus more on historical “romanticism” (nostalgia) rather than historical “awareness” (consciousness). Eventually, the “spirit” of the past cannot be brought into light.Keywords: Aceh, history, traditions, modernity

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