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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 25409573     EISSN : 25409581     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology (JTBB) is an authoritative source of information concerned with the advancement of tropical biology studies in the Southeast Asia Region. It publishes original scientific work related to a diverse range of fields in tropical biodiversity, functional biology, and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 327 Documents
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Antlers Characterization for Identification of Deer Species (Family Cervidae) in Indonesia Donan Satria Yudha; M Zulfiqar Meizar Pratama; Rury Eprilurahman
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 4, No 3 (2019): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.45667

Abstract

There are five species of deer (family Cervidae) living in Indonesia today. Male deer possesses antlers, a unique character of male deer. Antlers have economic values for quite a long time. Antler’s growth is influenced by several factors, therefore each species of deer have its own unique antlers’ shape and size. Antler’s identification usually relies on size measurement and overall shape of complete antlers which still attach to the skull. It is difficult to identify shed, broken or individual antler. The purpose of the research is to understand antlers’ morphological characters on each species to become diagnostic characters. Specimens analysed were collections of LIPI and were analysed with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) using PAST3 software. The results showed each species of deer having their own unique antlers’ character, and so it can be used to determine the species of Indonesian deer. The important structures for identification are relief, pedicle, brow, bez, and main beam.
Genetic Identification of Freshwater Fish Species Through DNA Barcoding from Lake Lebo Taliwang, West Nusa Tenggara Tuty Arisuryanti; Rika Lathif Hasan; Khadija Lung Ayu; Nofita Ratman; Lukman Hakim
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 4, No 3 (2019): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.46256

Abstract

Lake Lebo Taliwang is one of the lakes in the West Nusa Tenggara with high freshwater fish species diversity. However, the species identification of freshwater fish species from Lake Lebo Taliwang using DNA barcoding is very limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify seven samples of freshwater fish species collected from Lake Lebo Taliwang based on COI mitochondrial gene as a DNA barcoding marker and establish library COI sequences of Indonesian freshwater fish. We are using a standard DNA analysis and data obtained from this study was then examined using Nucleotide BLAST and the phylogenetic tree was analyzed using the Neighbour-Joining (NJ) method with Kimura 2 Parameter (K2P) model. The results revealed that among the seven samples of freshwater fishes collected from the Lake Lebo Taliwang, three samples were identified as Anabas testudineus, the other three samples were Barbodes binotatus and one sample was Trichopodus trichopterus. The level of similarity of these freshwater fish samples referred to the database from the GenBank and BOLD was between 98-100%. The NJ tree supports the clade of each species identified in this study. This occurrence indicated that DNA barcoding by using the COI mitochondrial gene was proven to be able to identify the freshwater fish samples accurately.
Characteristics of Shell Bone as an Identification Tool for Turtle Species (Reptiles: Testudines) in Java, Borneo, and Sumatra Donan Satria Yudha; Fidelis Triki Sadewa Aritona; Rury Eprilurahman
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.47227

Abstract

There are 42 species of turtles; including sea turtle, freshwater turtle, tortoise, and softshell turtle (Reptilia: Testudines) living in Indonesia today. Turtles have economic values for quite a long time and it has led to illegal trade such as smuggling of carapace and plastron bones. Identification is needed to find out more details about the turtle species. Turtles have shells as unique features with different characteristics on each species. Shell’s identification usually relies on the shape of carapace and plastron. The purpose of this research is to understand turtle shell morphological characters and determine the diagnostic characters of each species. We conducted visual observation on specimen collections from the Laboratory of Animal Systematics, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada and Museum of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada. The result shows that each turtle species have their own unique shell bone’s characters, therefore it can be used to determine each turtle species of Indonesia.
Vegetation Composition of Savanna Ecosystem as a Habitat For The Komodo Dragon (Varanus komodoensis) on Padar and Komodo Islands, Flores East Nusa Tenggara Indonesia S. Sutomo
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.48280

Abstract

Tropical savanna and dry forest in Indonesia are an important type of ecosystem that supports various endemic wildlife of Indonesia including savannas at Padar and Komodo Islands which is home to the Komodo (Varanus komodoensis). The Komodo dragon is considered as “Vulnerable” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Studies with regards to the Komodo dragons’ habitats are scarce, considering that these types of habitats are significant to support Komodo’s existence, but yet are also very prone to conversion and disturbances. This paper elaborates the results of ecological study on the tropical savanna forest in Komodo National Park as habitat for the Komodo dragon. Vegetation sampling was conducted using nested plots 20 x 20 m, 10 x 10 m, 5 x 5 m and 2 x 2 m spread across the sampling sites. Data was analysed using PRIMER software which includes cluster analysis, analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) and similarity percentage (SIMPER). As many as 17 plant species which belongs to 11 families were identified in the sampling sites. These consist of six trees habitus, six shrubs, four grasses and one palm. Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Poaceae were the plant families which has high number of species. The result of cluster analysis shows that the similarity level of the two groups (Komodo and Padar) based on the results of cluster analysis is 60%. This result infers that there are similarities in terms of species composition in savanna on Komodo and Padar Island, however, each savanna still has its own species characteristics. This is confirmed by the ANOSIM test. The ANOSIM test results show the Global R value of 0.6.With the looming challenges from invasive alien plant species (IAPS), the Komodo Island’s savanna has double threats to overcome. Hence conservation of the remaining savanna ecosystem is important
Diversity analysis of Rhacophorus margaritifer (Schlegel, 1837) in Baturraden based on RAPD markers Fajar Nur Sulistyahadi; I Gusti Agung Ayu Ratna Puspitasari; Agus Nuryanto
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.49110

Abstract

Rhacophorus margaritifer is an endemic species of arboreal frog in Java. Previous studies found this frog in several locations of Baturraden, namely in primary forest of Ketenger area, along Pancuran Pitu tourism track, and Baturraden Botanical Garden. There were still limited studies of molecular diversity of R. margaritifer and no prior data from population in the southern slope of Mount Slamet. This study aimed to look at the genetic polymorphism and determine the locus diversity of R.margaritifer population in Baturraden by using the PCR-RAPD technique.  Frog tissue samples were taken from three populations in Kalipagu hiking trail (HPK 01), Baturraden hiking trail (HPK 02), and Baturraden Botanical Garden (KRB). DNA was extracted using the Chelex method. Molecular characterization was performed based on RAPD markers. The RAPD marker band pattern was changed to binary data 0-1 and analysed using Arlequin software ver.3.5. A total of 19 frog individuals were obtained during sampling at three locations. High genetic diversity had been observed in all populations with gene diversity range from 0.9643 in HPK 01 population to 1.0000 in both KRB and HPK 02 populations. A high locus variation was also observed for all populations with values of 0.159524 in KRB; 0.165816 in HPK 01; 0.192857 in HPK 02, respectively. AMOVA indicated no genetic difference among populations of R. margaritifer (p=0.50244). 
Conservation, Phytoremediation Potential and Invasiveness Status of Bali Botanic Garden Aquatic Plant Collection Farid Kuswantoro
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.49312

Abstract

Bali Botanic Garden (BBG) aspires to conduct conservation and research of eastern Indonesian plant species, including the aquatic plant species. These were important as aquatic plant species could be ecologically threatened, beneficial or even dangerous. As scientific data of BBG aquatic plant species collection was limited, we proposed this study to provide researchers and garden managers with data to conduct research, collection and maintenance of the garden aquatic plant collection. The study was carried out by sourcing list of BBG collected plant species data for its aquatic plant species. Literatures study was then carried out to gain information regarding the plant species’ heavy metal phytoremediation, conservation and invasiveness status while data analysis was conducted descriptively. The study result showed that 38 collection numbers of aquatic plant species collected in BGG were placed in five sites within the garden with 94% of all the aquatic plants collection came from Lesser Sunda Islands. Eleven aquatic plants species were listed as Least Concern by IUCN Red List. Fourteen species of collected aquatic plants were proved to possessed phytoremediation potential toward numerous heavy metal pollutants, while six species were listed as an invasive alien plant species in Indonesia. All of the provided data should be enabled the botanic garden stakeholders to come up with ideas in the research and maintenance effort of BBG aquatic plant collection.
Effect of Arthrospira maxima and Chlorella vulgaris to Lipid Profile and Visceral Fat Index Alteration in Streptozotocin-Induced Hyperglycemia Rats Mulyati Mulyati; Aprilia Rahmawati; Slamet Widiyanto
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.49937

Abstract

Arthrospira maxima and Chlorella vulgaris contain protein, carbohydrates, antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, and many micronutrients. Those compounds have potency of antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of A. maxima and C. vulgaris powder administration on alteration of body weight, lipid profile, glucose levels, and visceral fat index of hyperglycemia rats. Twenty male rats were divided into 5 groups i.e. negative control (NC), hyperglycemia control (HC), metformin (M), A. maxima (AR), and C. vulgaris (CH). Body weight and visceral fat index were measured and calculated by semianalytic and analytical scales. Serum glucose levels were measured by Easy Touch GCU (Glucose, Cholesterol, Uric acid). Lipid profile levels were measured using the photometric enzymatic method. The results showed no differences in body weight between groups, except in AR group was found significantly decreased in body weight on the 20th day. Glucose serum, total cholesterol, HDL and triglyceride levels in microalgae treatment groups were not significantly different be compare to control group. LDL levels of D30 significantly different from D0, but neither between groups. The visceral fat index of a control group was higher compared to that of a microalgae group and significantly different. In conclusion, the administration of microalgae A. maxima and C. vulgaris for 30 days are effective to reduce visceral fat index but not effective to maintain body weight, glucose level, as well as not effective to improve lipid profile.
Tree Species Composition and Natural Regeneration Status of Southeast Region of Bangladesh Abir Dey; Aklima Akther
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.49988

Abstract

The study aimed to quantify and discuss the current condition of the tree species composition and natural regeneration of southeast parts of Bangladesh (Cox’s Bazar North Forest Division). A total of 121 stems having dbh ≥10cm and 3481 stems of regenerating tree species (dbh <10cm) per hectare were recorded. A large trees comprised of 17 species belonging to 10 families and 14 genera and 30 regenerating tree species belonging to 19 families and 27 genera have been found. The forests were highly non-uniform, with three or four species represented most of the stands. The values of diversity indices indicated limited plant diversity, which is dominated by two or three tree species. Stems of 10-30 cm dbh contributed almost 90% of the total stem density, whereas more than 80% of the total basal area still belonged to trees with dbh 100 cm or above. Dipterocarpus turbinatus was the most dominant species which have the highest Importance Value Index (IVI) with 135.82 and embodied 37.71% of the total stand density and 72.19% of total basal area. The study will provide scientific basis for the future implementation of forest conservation strategies in tropical forests of Southeast Asia, particularly in Bangladesh. This study may also pave the way to further research on regeneration potentials of the native species for conservation and enhancement of forests in future.
Bioethanol Levels of Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Peel with the Addition of Blend Crude Cellulase Enzyme from Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger Trianik Widyaningrum; Masreza Parahadi
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.52189

Abstract

The petroleum fuel crisis shows that Indonesia's fossil energy reserves are limited. It is necessary to develop an environmentally, friendly and sustainable alternative energy, one of which is bioethanol. This study aims to determine the bioethanol levels of dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel with the treatment of cellulase enzymes from Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger. This research was an experimental study that uses steps such as making dragon fruit peel substrate and filtrate, cellulose degradation with enzymes from Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger and inoculating with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) with a fermentation time of 96 hours and then measured reducing sugar levels with the method of DNS, distillation, and the measurement of bioethanol levels using alcohol meters. The results have shown that using enzymes from Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger can increase the reduction of 49.68 %  sugar levels in the treatment of T.reesei: A.niger (3: 1) and produce the highest bioethanol level, which is 2.46 % in the treatment of T.reesei: A.niger (2: 1)
Optimation of Spirulina sp. Growth in Walne Media with Variation of Urea and NaHCO3 Supplements Lusiana Novia Caturwati; Retno Herrani Setyati
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.53635

Abstract

One alternative biofuel to substitute fossil fuels is bioethanol. Microalgae Spirulina sp. contains high carbohydrates, which has 17-25% potential to produce bioethanol. Urea and NaHCO3 can be used as additional nutrients sources of nitrogen and carbon to Spirulina sp. cultivation. Deficiency of nitrogen causing the cell’s enzymes change that shown through decreased lipid and chlorophyll synthesis. While deficiency of carbon can affect the growth rate. In this research, the growth rate of Spirulina sp. is analyzed using Optical Density (OD) method. The growth rate calculation is used to measure the growth of microalgae cells shown in the growth curve. This was a laboratory-scale method using CRD with 4 treatments and 5 replications namely treatment A addition of 0.36 g/500 ml urea without addition of NaHCO3, treatment B addition of 0.043 g/500 ml NaHCO3 without addition of urea, treatment C addition of 0.36 g/500 ml urea and 0.043 g/500 ml NaHCO3, and control without addition of urea or NaHCO3. The results indicated that addition of urea and NaHCO3 didn’t affect to OD and Spirulina sp. growth rate. The highest growth rate was treatment A with 0.00906/day of growth rate followed by treatment C which has 0.00865/day of growth rate. Treatment B and control treatment (K) showed a low growth rate. The maximum OD value obtained in treatment C was 0.674 cells/ml on the 10th day. This research can be used as the reference to larger scale of Spirulina sp. cultivation in the field of bioethanol production.

Page 6 of 33 | Total Record : 327

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