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INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 23389427 EISSN : 23389486 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (ISSN-e: 2338-9486, ISSN-p: 2338-9427), formerly Majalah Farmasi Indonesia (ISSN: 0126-1037). The journal had been established in 1972, and online publication was begun in 2008. Since 2012, the journal has been published in English by Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Yogyakarta Indonesia in collaboration with IAI (Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia or Indonesian Pharmacist Association) and only receives manuscripts in English. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy is Accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE) DIKTI No. 58/DIKTI/Kep/2013.

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Articles 706 Documents

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CONTROLLED RELEASE OF GABAPENTIN THROUGH RETICULATED CHITOSAN AND HYDROXYETHYL CELLULOSE HYDROGEL MATRIX TABLETS Narasimha S. Managoli
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 25 No 3, 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The aim of the present work was to prepare hydrogel matrix tablets using crosslinked chitosan and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) for controlled release of gabapentin. The chitosan was crosslinked with acetaldehyde and used for the preparation of hydrogel matrix tablets along with hydroxylethyl cellulose by wet granulation method. The samples were characterized by FTIR, DSC, TGA, XRD, SEM and evaluated drug content, swelling pattern and drug release. The matrix tablets were capable of releasing the drug for 24h depending upon the formulation variables. It was observed that as the concentration of HEC increased in the tablets, the drug release was also increased. On the other hand, as the crosslinking of chitosan was increased, the drug release was decreased. Drug release mechanism followed non-Fickian transport. This study demonstrated that the blend hydrogel matrix tablets of crosslinked chitosan and HEC could be a versatile drug delivery system for controlled release of gabapentin.

THE ENFLUENCE OF REPRICIPITATION METHODS PARACETAMOL CRYSTAL USING SOLVENT ETHANOL IN FABRICATION PROCESS ON PHYISICAL PROPERTIES OF TABLET Tri Yulianti; Achmad Fudholi
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 12 No 2, 2001
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Paracetamol is the most material drug used in Indonesia. But it’s difficull in processing of the tablet because of capping tendency. The effect of paracetamol reprecipitation by using etanol solven during fabrication process to physical characteristic of tablets of has been studied, and to know the effect of paracetamol. In this studies made five formulas : paracetamol was sprayed by etanol, paracetamol was added filler then sprayed by etanol, paracetamol was added disintegrant then sprayed by elanol, granulating the paracetamol then was sprayed by etanol and paracetamol was without sprayed by etanol. Results showed that granules had been sprayed by etanol before the granulation have characteristic of flow materials was better, the friability of the granules decreased and compressibility of the granules was better. Hardness of tablets relatively increased, the friability of the tablets relative decreased and the disintegration time of tabltets increased. Generally, reprecipitation of paracetamol during the fabrication process, the physical properties of granuls and tablet were better.Key words : paracetamol, reprecipitation, physical properties of tablets

Formulation of repellant gel of vetiver oil : Composition of carbopol 3% w/v – propilenglicol optimization Sri Hartati Yuliani
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 16 No 4, 2005
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

3% w/v solution and propilenglikol,and to observe the dominant effect among Carbopol 3% w/v, propilenglikol and their interaction in determining the physical properties of vetiver oil repellant gel. Moreover the repellant potency against female Aedes albopictus and iritation skin test on rabbit were also confirmed.Firstly, vetiver oil was collected from dried root of Vetivera zizoioides (L) Nogh by water steam destilation. The obtained oil then was gelled by the aid of Carbopol 3% w/v solution – propilenglikol at various compositions. Factorial design method was employed to create the optimum composition of Carbopol 3% w/v solution – propilenglikol and was used to determined the effect of Carbopol 3% w/v solution – propilenglikol and their interaction on the gel characteristics.The result showed that the effect of Carbopol 3% w/v solution was the dominant factor in the viscosity and repellant potency. While the effect of propilenglikol was the dominant factor in alteration of gel viscosity. The interaction between Carbopol 3% w/v solution and propilenglikol was dominant factor in spreadability. The optimum composition was created in superimposed countour plot. Irritation skin test on rabbit confirmed that all evaluated formulas were non irritatingKey words: formulation, repellant gel, vetiver oil

Effect of dried extract Curcuma zedoria. Rosc. orally on the some parameters of kidney function of male rat Sumarny, Ros; Parodi, Dwi; ., Darmono
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 17 No 1, 2006
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Curcuma zedoria Rosc. has been used empirically for cancer medicine and usually used for long periods. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of dried extract Curcuma zedoria. Rosc. orally on kidney function of male rat for 12 weeks exposure. Eighty male rat (180-200g) were divided into four group, group 1 as a control group, group 2, 3 and 4 were given 9mg/200g body weight, 18 mg/200g bw and 27mg/200g bw respectively. Dried extract of Curcuma zedoria Rosc. was given daily for 12 weeks periods, serum, urine, and kidney samples were collected by killing of 5 rats in each group on week 4, 8, 12 and 16 respectively. Serum, and urine samples were analyze for creatinine,pH, specific gravity and morphological and histological of the kidney were also observed respectivelyThe results indicated that serum, and creatinine content, pH and specific gravity of urine were not significantly different between control and treatment group of dosage and time of exposure (P>0.05). From the results can be concluded that dried Curcuma zedoria Rosc. given orally at the dosage up to 27mg/200g bw for long periods was safe for male rats and safely to use as a traditional medicine given at the long periods of time.Key words: Curcuma zedoria. Rosc, urine chemical, kidney.

INHIBITION OF TROPOMYOSIN-RECEPTOR-KINASE B AND PHOSPHOINOSITIDE 3-KINASE/PROTEIN KINASE B SIGNALING CASCADE Yen, Tran Phi Hoang
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 25 No 2, 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Trimethyltin (TMT, 2.4mg/kg, i.p) can trigger neuronal damage by inhibiting Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB receptor) following by phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B or Akt signaling cascade. We examined hippocampal changes in TrkA/B phosphorylation on Tyr490/Tyr516 of TMT-treated mice in a time-dependent manner. Phosphorylated PI3K (Tyr508), phosphorylated 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1, Ser241) and phosphorylated Akt (Ser473) were changed following by TMT injury (from 3 hours until 7 days after injury). Treatment with 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), a specific agonist of TrkB, significantly attenuated the TMT-caused inhibition of phospho-TrkB, thereby increased in expressions of phospho-PI3K, phospho-PDK1 and phospho-Akt in TMT-treated mice, simultaneously 7,8-DHF showed a neuroprotective effect in observation of nuclear chromatic clumping by Cresyl violet- and terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling- (TUNEL) staining in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of TMT-treated mice, as compared to saline-treated group. This finding suggests that inhibition of TrkB receptor following by PI3K/Akt cascade may play a part in the molecular mechanism by which TMT caused neurodegeneration in mice.

EFFECT OF THE JUICE OF GINGER RHIZOMES ON THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF SULFAMEZATHINE IN RATS ., Purwantiningsih; Hakim, Lukman
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 14 No 1, 2003
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The rhizome of ginger (Zingiber officinale, Rosc.) has been widely consumed by people as food ingredient or a traditional drug. In the previous research there was evidence that the ginger juice influenced the pharmacokinetics of propranolol, a representative of drugs with high extraction ratio. The aim of this research is to study the effect of ginger juice on another high ER drug, sulfamezathine. To achieve the aim of this study, rats were divided into two groups to get the blood and urine data. The animals at the blood data group were divided into two groups. The group I (N=6) was given sulfamezathine (50 mg/kg BW) through intra peritoneal injection and the group II (N=6) was pretreated with the ginger juice orally (4 ml/kg BW) an hour prior to administration of sulfamezathine. The blood samples were withdrawn at various intervals after the drug administration. The unchanged sulfamezathine concentration was determined using a modified Bratton-Marshall method. From this blood data the values of Ka, Cmaks, Tmaks, Vdss, AUC, Cl and T1/2el were computed. Urine data was obtained by using two groups of rats with the same treatment as above. The sulfamezathine was counted from urine which accumulated for 24 hours to obtain the value of Fel. The results of this research showed that significant decreases in Cmaks (16.72%) and AUC (22.92%) values have occurred, with increasing values of Vdss (18.39%), ClT (38.29%), ClR (213.11%) and Fel 24 hours (128.58%) values. Key words : ginger rhizome, pharmacokinetics, sulfamezathine, rats

Capability of boiling water of bay leaf (Eugenia polyantha W) for reducing Streptococcus sp. colony Agustin Wulan; Agus Sumono
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 3, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Mouth is one of our body parts that have a lot of micro-organisms. The population of micro organism in mouth is higher than the other part of our body. Streptococcus mutant is a cariogenic bacterium that has the capability to produce polysaccharide and initiate the process of carries. There are many ways for preventing dental carries, one of them is using of antiseptic mouth washes. chlorhexidine is one of the most effective mouth washes used to prevent the dental carries and the plaque formation. Unfortunately, only some people who has easy access to the drugs store to get this medicine. So they use herbal that has capability for mouth washes, one of that herbal is bay leaf (Eugenia polyantha W). Aim of this study was to know capability of bay leaf (Eugenia polyantha W) as mouth washes for reducing Streptococcus sp colony.Saliva samples are taken from 50 patients that come in Dental Hospital Faculty of Dentistry Jember University. 50 patients are divided in 5 groups. Patients were instructed to rinse by 50 %, 75 %, 100 % boiling water of bay leaf, 0.2 % chlorhexidine and aquadest. Then, saliva was inoculates in TSA medium and incubated for 24 hours, before bacteria colony counting.Result of anova test showed there was significant different of amount of Sterptococcus colony in saliva patient that are rinsed by 50 %, 75 %, 100 % boiling water of bay leaf, 0.2 % chlorhexidine and aquadest (p < 0.05). Result of LSD test show there where significant different in each groups (p < 0.05). The conclusion of this study was boiling water of bay leaf can reduce Streptococcus sp colony.Key words : bay leaf, mouth washes, bacterial colony.

THE EFFECT OF REPEATED COMPACTION ON STARCH 1500 AS A FILLER-BINDER OF DIRECT COMPRESSION TABLET Sri Sulihtyowati Soebagyo; Muliyadi .
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 12 No 4, 2001
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Poor flowability is the weakness of Starch 1500 as a filler-binder of direct compression tablet. Granulation by compaction is one of the ways to improve the flow ability as it produced larger granules. Compaction of Starch 1500 (once) produced granules having flowability, compressibility and compactibility better than the original Starch 1500 powder. These granules, eventually, yielded tablets having higher hardness, less friable and longer disintegration time than that of the original Starch 1500. On twice compaction of Starch 1500, however, produced more fluid granules than previous method but the compressibility and compactibility tended to decrease. These type of granules yielded tablets having lower hardness and friability but higher disintegration time, significantly. Key words: Starch 1500, granule, flowability, compressibility, tablet properties

Phosphorylation of pregelatinized maranta starch (Maranta arundinaceae L.) as theophyllin tablet matrix controlled release Effionora Anwar; Dina Yusmarlina; Hasan Rahmat; Kosasih .
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 17 No 1, 2006
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect concentration level of pregelatinized and pregelatinized marantha starch phosphate as matrix polymer on the drug release profile. Pregelatinization starch was made by heating suspension of marantha starch with drum dryer. Phosphorylation of pregelatinized maranta starch was prepared by reacting pregelatinized marantha starch with Na2HPO4 and NaHPO4 (2:3). The modified starch product was used as matrices for tablet controlled release separately by direction compression process. Theophyllin was used as a model drug hydrophobic. The dissolution test was carried out separately in 0,1 N HCl (pH 1,8) and in phosphate buffer (pH 7,2), both for 8 hours by using paddle method.The result showed that there was no significant difference (P< 0,05) among the drug release profile from different level concentration of polymeric matrices. The drug release rate was found to be governed by the type and concentration level of polymer in matrix system, polymeric concentration (25%) in matrix, the slower release rate of the drug. Release profile showed a tendency to follow zero-order kinetics from all matrix tablets, and the drug release may be controlled by combination of diffusion and erosion delivery system.Key words: pregelatinized maranta starch phosphate, controlled release, polymeric matrices.

Evaluation of using Antihipertensi of Angiotensin Renin system to kidney protection on Diabetic patient in X hospital of Yogyakarta Suhadi, Rita; Donatus, Imono Argo; Sidarto, B.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 15 No 4, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The renin-angiotensin-system antihypertensive drugs (RAS), i.e. Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs) and Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists (AIIRAs) are prescribed for diabetes patients to slow the nephropathy progression. There are only limited clinical evidence of the RAS for Indonesian patients. This study aimed at assessing the antihypertensive drug selection and the renoprotective effect on Indonesian patients.The study was done with retrospective survey and descriptiveevaluative design. A total of 116 diabetic patients were participated in the drug selection assessment and the renoprotective effect among 52 patients was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric statistics. The results showed that the antihypertensive drug selection consisted of RAS (ACEIs 48% and AIIRAs 11%), non-RAS 22%, and without antihypertensive drugs 19%. The RAS antihypertensive drugs were administered at 53%; 56%; 92%; and 71% by normal; mild; moderate; and severe kidney dysfuntion patients respectively.The annual clearance creatinine (Clcr) reduction were 3.93; 9.95; 0.85ml/min and the Clcr reduction in 23 months were 9.27; 8.66; 7.76% for non-RAS; without; and RAS antihypertension respectively, but the effects were not significantly different (p>0.05). In conclusion, renoprotection on diabetic patients by RAS was not more superior than that by non-RASantihypertensive drugs. Key words: Diabetic Nephropathy, Renoprotection, ACE-Inhibitors (ACEI), Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists (AIIRA).

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