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INDONESIA
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 23389427     EISSN : 23389486     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (ISSN-e: 2338-9486, ISSN-p: 2338-9427), formerly Majalah Farmasi Indonesia (ISSN: 0126-1037). The journal had been established in 1972, and online publication was begun in 2008. Since 2012, the journal has been published in English by Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Yogyakarta Indonesia in collaboration with IAI (Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia or Indonesian Pharmacist Association) and only receives manuscripts in English. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy is Accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE) DIKTI No. 58/DIKTI/Kep/2013.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 706 Documents
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Acute toxicity test of standardized ethanolic extract of Senggugu (Clerodendrum serratum L. Moon) root bark Wahyono .; Lukman Hakim; Nurlaila .; Marlin Sulistio; Rosmulyati Ilyas
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 18 No 1, 2007
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (234.658 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp1-7

Abstract

The goal of this research was to assess the potency of acute toxicity, evaluate clinical symptoms, spectrum of toxic effect and mechanism that caused the death of animal test after administration of standardized ethanolic extract of senggugu (Clerodendrum serratum L.Moon) root bark to Balb/C male mice.The research used completely randomized design. The animal test was Balb/C male mice, healthy, age 2-3 months with uniform body weight. Twenty-five mice were grouped into 5 groups, including 1 control group with administration of 0.5 % CMC Na and 4 experimental groups. The dosage for each group were 0.73; 1.21 ; 2.03; and 3.38 g/kg of body weight, respectively. Evaluation of the toxic symptoms and death of animal test was done for 24 hours. If the animal test was died before 24 hours then it underwent surgery to take the heart, liver, lung, kidney, gastric, and intestine. In the end of the evaluation, all mice were killed to take the vital organs for histopathologic examination.The test resulted LD50 of standardized ethanolic extract from senggugu root bark using Balb/C male mice was 1.57 g/kg of body weight. It was categorized as moderately toxic. Administration of the extract caused alterations of animal behaviours including vocalization, passiveness and mucus secretion. Histopathology examination shows infiltration of lymphocyte and neutrophil in intestinal mucous after administration of the extract.Key words: standardized ethanolic extract, Clerodendrum serratum L.Moon, LD50
Influence of fermented horse milk supplementation on immunity against hepatitis A vaccine in Balb/c mice Sasmito, Ediati; ., Rumiyati; W., Sri Rahayu; Andriyani, Evie; Istikharah, Rochmy
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 17 No 1, 2006
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (268.533 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp13-18

Abstract

It has been evaluated the influence of fermented horse milk into Balb/c mice on immunity against hepatitis A vaccine. The study employed a complete randomized design using thirty mice which were divided into 3 groups. Each group orally consumed fermented horse milk at dose 0.4 mL/20g body weight, levamisole (as positive control) at dose 0.4 mL/0.45 mg/20g body weight and distilled water (as negative control) at dose 0.4 mL/20g body weight respectively on a daily basis in addition to the standard diet for 46 days. The mice were immunized intraperitoneally (3 times) at d 7, d 28, and d 42, with 0.65 μg/20g body weight of hepatitis A vaccine. Blood samples were collected from plexus retroorbitalis using heparinized capillary one week after first (d 14), second (d 35) and 4 days (d 46) after third immunizations, and then mice were sacrificed to isolate the lymphocytes. The IgM, IgG and IgA titers in the sera and the culture media were measured by ELISA.The IgM (except d 46), IgG (subtype IgG1 (except d 14), IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG3 (except d 35), and IgA titers in the sera significantly higher (p<0.05) than controls. This difference was associated with enhanced in vitro antibodies secretion by cultured lymphocytes isolated from the spleen for IgA. The result suggested that orally fermented horse milk supplementation inhances immunity against hepatitis A vaccine in Balb/c mice. The SDS-PAGE showed that 30-kDa proteins were present in fermented horse milk as well as fermented cow milk, but 7.4-kDa protein present only in fermented horse milk.Key words : fermented horse milk, immunity, hepatitis A vaccine, Balb/c mice.
Utilizing of alkybenzene homologous series on the determination of kovats retention index in the RP-HPLC using methanol/water solvent system Idroes, Rinaldi
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 2, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (197.285 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp77-83

Abstract

Retention times in high performance liquid chromatography are very susceptible to small changes of the stationary phase, temperature, pH-value, mobile-phase composition and flow rate. One of the methods to minimize these effects is by utilizing a retention index system. In contrast to GC, the retention Index determination method in HPLC is still widely discussed, because of difficulty utilizing n-alkane as standard. In addition, the solutes in HPLC interact with the mobile-phase, thus the retention data also depend on the mobilephase. It is not easy to use n-alkane in HPLC as standards because of considerable problems. Due to their very non polar properties, hence in most reversed phase systems, they show large retention times. Therefore, using nalkane in routine analysis could be inconvenient. In comparison with n-alkane, the alkylbenzene homologous series are stable compound and commercially available. They have a high UV absorbance at the wavelength of 254 nm, and thus are easily detected by a UV detector. This paper will introduce Kovats Retention Index Determination in the HPLC by using alkylbenzene homologous series and then is to be connected with n-alkane as a frame of reference. Steroids were used as test substance for determining Kovats retention index values in methanol/ water system.Key words: RP-HPLC, Kovats Retention Index, n-Alkane, Alkyl Benzene.
Brand extensions’ influence on brand image : empirical study on Bodrex’sbrand Rokhman, M. Rifqi; ., Sampurno; S., Suci Paramitasari
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 21 No 1, 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (371.688 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp59-67

Abstract

Bodrex’s manufacturer is attempting to use Bodrex brand success to enter flu  and  cough  medicine  category  by  releasing  Bodrex  Flu  dan  Batuk.  The launching  of  Bodrex  Flu  dan  Batuk  will  affect  Bodrex’s  brand  image.  The objective of this research is to examine the influence of Bodrex Flu dan Batuk on Bodrex’s brand  image.  This  research  was  conducted  in  Yogyakarta  using purposive  sampling  method  on  respondents  that  have  been  using  Bodrex  for  6 months.  Data  were  collected  by  using  questionnaire  with  Likert  scale  that measured  initial  brand  image,  category  fit,  image  fit,  consumers’  attitude towards  brand  extension,  innovativeness,  and  final  brand  image.  Structural Equation Modeling  (SEM) application was  used  to analyse data.  Research result showed that brand extension has its effect on Bodrex’s brand image, in which its final  brand  image  was  affected  significantly  by  consumers’  attitude  towards brand  extension  (t-value  =  4.88)  and  initial  brand  image  (t-value  =  15.14). However, initial brand image (standardized solution = 0,88) has a larger role in final  brand  image  formation  than  consumers’  attitude  towards  brand  extension (standardized  solution  =  0.15).  Consumers’  attitude  towards  Bodrex’s  brand extension  affected  significantly  by  image  fit  (t-value  =  5.29),  category  fit  (tvalue = 1.99) and insignificantly by initial brand image (t-value = 0.49). The   result    also    showed   that  innovativeness  significantly  (t-value  =  -2.79) moderates  category  fit  relation  with  consumers  attitude  towards  brand extension.Key words: brand extension, brand image, Bodrex, innovativeness
INTERACTION STUDY: THE EFFECT OF ORTHOSIPHON STAMINEUS EXTRACT ON HUMAN CYTOCHROME P450 Purwantiningsih .; Abas Hj Hussin
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 25 No 4, 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (714.969 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm25iss4pp230

Abstract

Herbal remedies are often used concomitantly with prescribed medication, which leads to an increase in the potential of herb-drug interactions. Orthosiphon stamineus is one of the popular herbal preparations that is traditionally used, especially as a diuretic or for the elimination of kidney stones. The inhibitory effect of O. stamineus extract on human cytochrome P450 isoforms, namely CYP1A2, CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2D6, has been determined using luminescent methods. The final concentrations of O. stamineus extract tested were 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1000µg/mL. IC50 value was used to assess the modulation potencies for each CYP isoform. The extract showed a moderate inhibition towards CYP2C9 with the IC50 of 20.12µg/mL and showed IC50 of 49.90, 89.24 and 97.82µg/mL for CYP1A2, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, respectively. These data suggest that O. stamineus extract may potentiate the herb-drug interaction via CYP inhibition.
Identification of ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) from Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl., a posssible active compound Sismindari .
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 15 No 1, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (357.804 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp44-49

Abstract

Ribosome-inactivating protein (RIPs), merupakan sekelompok protein toksik dalam tanaman yang mempunyai anktivitas RNA-glycosidase yang mampu menghambat sintesis protein pada mamalia. RIP mempunyai kemampuan memotong DNA superkoil. Adanya aktivitas tersebut, menjadikan RIP sebagai kandidat yang potensial dalam terapi kanker. Secara tradisional, ekstrak air dari buah P. macrocarpa telah digunakan dalam pengobatan kanker. Untuk itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi keberadaan RIP dalam P. macrocarpa, yang kemungkinan merupakan senyawa yang bertanggung jawab dalam aktivitasnya tersebut. Daging buah dan biji P. macrocarpa diektraksi dengan buffer natrium fosfat 5mM pH 7.2 yang mengandung sodium klorid 0,14M. Fraksi protein diperoleh dengan pengendapan menggunakan ammonium sulfat. Aktivitas RIP ditentukan menggunakan metode pemotongan DNA superkoil. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak gubal biji P. macrocarpa mempunyai kemampuan memotong DNA superkoil menjadi bentuk nik sirkularnya. Aktivitas tersebut nampak tergantung pada konsentrasi. Aktivitas fraksi protein dari biji terlihat lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan ekstrak gubal, seperti ditunjukkan dengan munculnya bentuk linier pada konsentrasi protein sebesar 0.3μg/ml. Aktivitas memotong DNA superkoil tersebut tidak muncul pada crude extract dari daging buah. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa biji P. macrocarpa mengandung protein sejenis RIP. Kata kunci: Ribosome-inactivating protein (RIPs), Phaleria macrocarpa, DNA superkoil
SYNTHESES AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF SOME HYDROXY DIMETHOXY CHALCONE DERIVATIVES VH, Elfi Susanti
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 25 No 1, 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (467.23 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm25iss1pp17

Abstract

Four (4) hydroxy dimethoxy chalcones derivatives were synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation of hydroxyacetophenone with 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde using conventional method and grinding technique. The synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopy (IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR). Synthesis of the hydroxy dimethoxy chalcone using grinding method is better than the conventional method. The synthesis using grinding method require a low concentration base, shorter reaction (15min) and higher yield (70-84%).  The antioxidant activity of the compounds was determined by DPPH method, showed that  2,5-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxy chalcone have the highest antioxidant activity.Key word: hydroxy dimethoxy chalcone, Claisen-Schmidt condensation, grinding, DPPH method
AKTIVITAS PENGANGKAPAN RADIKAL POLIFENOL DALAM DAUN TEH Rohdiana, Dadan
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 12 No 1, 2001
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (127.731 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp52-58

Abstract

Ability of free radical scavengers of various tea extracts (black tea, fermented tea; green tea , unfermented tea; oolong dan pouchong tea semifermented tea) was studied. The scavenging effects on active oxygen decreased in order semifemented tea > unferfmnted tea > fennented lea. Antioxidant activity on tea often might related wthi catechin presence. Catechin activity as antioxidant estabilished. Several epidemilogical and phartnacokgical research shown that catechin had a strongly antioxidan activity. (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) are the major catechin of ~ tea This compounds had a strongly scavenging activity on free radical such as superoxide, hydrogen superoxide, DPPH and peroxynitdte. This review aim to exploited~ tea Oyphenols ability as free radicals sw vengers Key word: antioxidant activity, active oxygen, scavenging effect
Optimization of chitosan and sodium carboxymethylcellulose as mucoadhesive system in theophylline tablet Irawan, Eka Deddy; ., Farhana
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 22 No 2, 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (266.37 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp92-97

Abstract

Mucoadhesive  tablet  for  asthma  treatment  were  prepared  by  mixing theophylline  with  two  variations  of  polymers.  The  purpose  of  this  research  was to  controlled  drug  release  from  the  dosage  form.  Theophylline  mucoadhesive tablets  were  prepared  by  direct  compression  using  chitosan  and  sodium carboxymethylcellulose  as  mucoadhesive  polymers.  Mucoadhesive  strength measured  using  rabbit  gastric  mucosa  and  in  vitro  drug  dissolution  was subjected  in  a  hydroclorid  acid  buffer  pH  1.2  for  10  hours.  The  optimized formula  was  obtained  by  analyzing   both  evaluation  using  factorial  design. Formula  with  5.4  %  of  chitosan  and  14.5  %  of  sodium carboxymethylcellulose followed zero order kinetics. The optimized formulation showed by 8.38-10.91% of  chitosan  and  28.84-29.09%  of   sodium  carboxymethylcellulose  with mucoadhesive strength between 25-40 gram and 43.5%-55% drug was released in 10 hours.Key words: Mucoadhesive, chitosan, CMC Na, E, factorial design. 
Optimization of theophylline sustained release tablet formula with HPMC, CMC Na and xanthan gum as matrix component Agus Siswanto; Sri Sulihtyowati Soebagyo
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 17 No 3, 2006
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (223.129 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp143-148

Abstract

Theophylline has a relatively short half-life (8,1 jam) with a narrow therapeutic window (10 – 20 μg/mL). Sustained-release formulation can produce more uniform serum concentrations with less fluctuation in peaktrough levels. The physical properties of tablet mass and the release profileof drug from hydrophilic matrices are influenced by properties of matrix components, i.e. HPMC (gelling agent), CMC-Na (did not show initial burst release), and xanthan gum (free flowing).The research was done with simplex lattice design (SLD) by using 3 component, i.e. HPMC (A), CMC-Na (B), and xanthan gum (C). Seven formula were obtained that are F1 (100% A), F2 (100% B), F3 (100% C), F4 (50% A & 50% B), F5 (50% B & 50% C), F6 (50% A & 50% C), dan F7 (33,33% A, 33,33% B, 33,33% C). The Optimization parameters of theophylline sustained-release were flow rate of the tablet mass, the compactibility of the tablet mass, and the release rate of theophylline.Based on SLD model; equations, contour plots, and superimposed of contour plots were obtained, by which the optimum formula was determined.Xanthan gum was the most dominant factor in increasing flowability and compactibility of theophylline tablet mass. HPMC was the most dominant factor in decreasing the dissolution rate of theophylline. The most dominant interaction effect to increase flowability and compactibility was the interaction of HPMC, CMC-Na, and xanthan gum. The most dominant interaction effect to increase correlation coefficient of zero order kinetics was the interaction HPMC and CMC-Na. Based on the superimposed contour plots, tablet formula consisting of HPMC (2,3 %), CMC-Na (18,6 %), and xanthan gum (79,1 %) is the optimum tablet formula.Key words: theophylline, HPMC, CMC-Na, xanthan gum, sustained-release

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