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INDONESIA
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)
Published by Universitas Sriwijaya
ISSN : 25409395     EISSN : 25409409     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Environmental Science
Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry (IJFAC) is an international research journal and invites contributions of original research articles as well as review articles in several areas of chemistry. The journal aims to publish refereed, high-quality research papers with significant novelty and short communications in all branches of chemistry. Papers which describe novel theory and its application to practice are welcome, as are those which illustrate the transfer of techniques from other disciplines. IJFAC calls for papers that cover the following fields: Biochemistry Inorganic chemistry Physical chemistry Organic chemistry Analytical chemistry Applied Chemistry All papers are peer reviewed by at least two referees. Papers presented at conferences are peer reviewed and selected with the same standards as individually submitted papers. They therefore have the same archival value. Article should be submitted by the Online Submission Module at www.ijfac.unsri.ac.id or email to ijfac@unsri.ac.id
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 212 Documents
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Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Rice Husk Biochar/MnFe2O4 Nanocomposites Oka Yana Afrizki; Poedji Loekitowati Hariani; Nabila Aprianti
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v11.i1.48

Abstract

The increasing contamination with microorganisms has driven the development of effective, environmentally friendly antibacterial materials. Biochar was used as a porous matrix to support the dispersion of MnFe₂O₄ particles and to enhance the material's surface area. This study aims to synthesize a rice husk–based biochar/MnFe₂O₄ composite and evaluate its structural and morphological characteristics, as well as antibacterial activity. The composite was synthesized by coprecipitation and characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy–Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM–EDX), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disk diffusion method against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) at concentration variations of 1000–5000 mg/L. XRD results confirmed the formation of a spinel MnFe₂O₄ phase, as indicated high-intensity diffraction peaks   at 31.56° and 35.22° and the average crystallite size calculated using the Scherrer equation was approximately 27.1 nm, indicating the formation of nanocrystalline domains. SEM analysis revealed that MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on the biochar surface, while EDX confirmed the presence of C, O, Mn, and Fe elements. FTIR analysis identified –OH, C=O, and C–O functional groups, along with characteristic Mn–O and Fe–O vibrations, confirming successful composite formation. Antibacterial activity increased with concentration, reaching a maximum inhibition zone of 7.2 mm against both E. coli and S. aureus at 5000 mg/L, indicating mild antibacterial performance. The composite exhibits eco-friendly characteristics due to its biomass-derived biochar matrix and offers magnetic separability, facilitating easy recovery and potential reuse for sustainable environmental applications.Keywords: Rice husk biochar, MnFe₂O₄, antibacterial activity
Integrated Coagulation-Adsorption-Filtration-Ceramic Membrane System for the Treatment of Songket Dyeing Wastewater Rizki Rinaldi; Muhammad Said; Desnelli Desnelli
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v11.i1.41

Abstract

This study investigated an integrated treatment system combining coagulation, adsorption, filtration, and ceramic membrane processes for songket dyeing wastewater. Textile wastewater is characterized by high color intensity, suspended solids, and organic loads, which can cause serious environmental impacts if discharged without adequate treatment. Coagulation using aluminum sulfate effectively destabilizes colloidal particles, followed by adsorption with activated carbon to remove dissolved dyes and organic compounds. Multimedia filtration and ceramic membrane filtration further enhance pollutant removal through physical separation mechanisms. The integrated system successfully achieved color reduction from 976.5 Pt-Co to 10.6 Pt-Co, TSS reduction exceeding 98%, and COD reduction above 93%, in accordance with Indonesian wastewater discharge standards for the textile industry (KLHK, 2016).Keywords: Songket Wastewater, Coagulation, Adsorption, Filtration, Ceramic Membrane
Formulation and Evaluation of Typhonium flagelliforme Tuber Extract Tablets with Cytotoxic Activity Against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Dede Komarudin; Yulis Adriana
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v11.i1.1

Abstract

Cancer is the leading cause of death. Data from the Global Cancer Observatory shows that in 2022, Breast cancer in women ranks second and is the leading cause of death. Because of the limited cancer treatments available, medicinal plants are an alternative because they have anticancer properties. The indigenous Indonesian medicinal plant Typhonium flagelliforme has been widely used in various studies for its potential as an anticancer. Currently, medicinal plants are generally used in capsules, which are more sensitive to moisture and temperature that can affect drug stability compared to tablets. The aim of this research was to produce tablets containing active extract from Typhonium flagelliforme that meet physical quality requirements as anti-breast cancer tablets with cytotoxic activity against MCF-7. The research method is in vitro test of cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells. The results of the research   show that ethanol extract from Typhonium flagelliforme tubers can be formulated into tablets that have potential as a breast cancer treatment. Ethanol extract is the most active extract with an IC50 value of 16.04 µg/mL in MCF-7 cells. The physical parameters extract granules from Formulas 1 to 3 meet the requirements. The physical parameters of tablets in Formulas 1 to 3 meet the requirements, but the disintegration time of Formula 3 tablets does not meet the requirements.Keywords: Breast cancer, MCF-7, Tablet, Typhonium flagelliforme, Physical parameters of the tablet
Modification of CaO from Scallops (Amusium Pleuronectes) with Fe3O4 and SiO2 for Adsorption of Congo Red and Methylene Blue Dye Fera Rahma Sari; Widia Purwaningrum; Addy Rachmat
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v11.i1.26

Abstract

Congo Red and Methylene Blue dye waste from the textile industry needs to be treated before being discharged into water bodies. Adsorption is widely recognized as an effective method of contaminant removal. The use of CaO as an adsorbent has the advantages of high kinetic speed, efficient, low cost, easily accessible, and abundant. To improve the performance of CaO, it is done by compositing CaO with Fe3O4 and SiO2. This study aims to synthesize a CaO/Fe3O4/SiO2 and apply it for the adsorption of Congo red and Methylene blue dyes. The synthesis of CaO/Fe3O4 uses the coprecipitation method and CaO/Fe3O4/SiO2 is synthesized using the Stober method by adding TEOS to CaO/Fe3O4. The results of XRD characterization show that the synthesized CaO, CaO/Fe3O4, and CaO/Fe3O4/SiO2 have the same 2θ angle as the reference diffractogram data. The addition of SiO2 was shown to prevent agglomeration, which was indicated by a decrease in the particle size of CaO/Fe3O4 from 70.07 to 52.42 nm in CaO/Fe3O4/SiO2. % Adsorption efficiency for Congo Red was 86.49% Methylene Blue was 99.12%. The adsorption process of both dyes was spontaneous, following a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Congo Red adsorption followed the Freundlich isotherm model, while Methylene Blue followed the Langmuir isotherm model.Keywords: CaO/Fe3O4/SiO2, adsorption, Congo red, Methylene blue
Development and Characterization of HDPE Waste/Ramie Fiber Composites for Geomembrane Applications in Litopenaeus vannamei Shrimp Cultivation Ahmad Fikri; Ar Razi; Mainisa Mainisa; Arif Fadhilah; Apryza Mila
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v11.i1.10

Abstract

Geomembranes are thin geosynthetic materials composed of polymeric layers that function as barriers in direct contact with soil. The properties of HDPE geomembranes suitable for application as vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) aquaculture. HDPE geomembranes applied in vannamei shrimp aquaculture are subjected to thermal loads (UV radiation), oxidative agents, and mechanical force such as interfacial friction and tensile loading in surface wear.  This study aims to improve the mechanical properties of the material by incorporating natural fibers as reinforcement into HDPE–ramie fiber biocomposite. The process of making HDPE–ramie fiber biocomposite uses an single screw extruder with a temperature of 170 oC, a rotation of 20 rpm with a ratio of HDPE waste and ramie fiber of 97.5:2.5, 95:5, and 92.5:7.5. The results of tensile and impact tests show the highest strength and toughness are shown in the HDPE sample and ramie fiber 92.5:7.5 with a value of 5.23 MPa and 96.17 kJ/m2. The highest material ductility was demonstrated in the HDPE and ramie fiber composite 97.5:2.5 with a value of 1.32%. In addition, the highest stiffness was demonstrated in the HDPE and ramie fiber composite 95:5 with a value of 845.40 MPa. The results of the morphological investigation showed that the bond between the matrix and filler was partially formed and the smallest fiber diameter was 4 µm.Keywords: HDPE, Ramie, Composite, Geomembrane, Vanamei
Photocatalytic Degradation of Congo Red using Iron Sand-Derived Fe3O4: Evaluation of Phytotoxicity of the Treated Solution Fatma Fatma; Fahma Riyanti; Dwi Hardestyariki; Nafisha Yustizia; Poedji Loekitowati Hariani
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 11, No 2 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v11.i2.106

Abstract

Iron sand is an abundant natural resource in Indonesia. In this study, Fe3O4 was synthesized from iron sand originating from the Tekana River, OKU, South Sumatra, and applied for photocatalytic degradation of Congo red dye (CRD). Fe3O4 was synthesized using the coprecipitation method at pH variations of 9, 10, and 11. The characterization results showed that increasing pH resulted in better crystallinity. Fe3O4 synthesized at pH 11 had a cubic structure with the smallest crystal size of 28.4 nm and the largest saturation magnetization of 74.66 emu/g. The best Fe3O4 was then used for Congo red dye degradation and phytotoxicity testing. Photodegradation optimization was carried out by Response surface methodology (RSM) using Central composite design (CCD) through three independent variables: solution pH, Congo red concentration, and irradiation time. The quadratic model was identified as the most suitable model to describe the degradation process with optimum conditions at pH 4, concentration of 37.5 mg/L, and irradiation time of 62 min, resulting in a degradation efficiency of 98.93%. In addition, Fe3O4 showed good stability with a 6.91% decrease in efficiency after five reuse cycles. The results of phytotoxicity tests using Vigna radiata seeds showed no significant difference in plant growth using the degraded dye solution media and the control. These results indicate that Fe3O4 from iron sand is effective and stable as a photocatalyst, and also safe for the environment.Keywords: Iron sand, Fe3O4, Congo red dye, RSM optimization, phytotoxicity
Production of Bioethanol from Seed Media of Kelengkeng Fruits (Dimocarpus longan) using Acid Hydrolysis Method and Its Purification using Distillation Method Daniel Alfarado; Gierrald Abduch; Yesi Hikmahtika; Annisa Nur Jannah
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 11, No 2 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v11.i2.167

Abstract

This research was conducted to determine the level of ethanol production from longan seed media waste with parameters of seed media weight and acid concentration. Bioethanol production is carried out by means of fermentation in media that has been added with inoculum Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yielding bioethanol that was then purified through simple methods. Quantitative analysis of ethanol content using a spectrophotometer with potassium dichromate reagent and all analyzes were repeated three times. The results of the study showed that the best variations in the concentration of hydrolyzed acid and seed weight of the media were found at a concentration of 4% (ethanol yield: 2.942%) and media seed weight of 5 grams (ethanol yield: 1.838%), respectively. The concentration of ethanol in the produced distillate is still relatively low, ranging from 1.75% to 2.89% (v/v), and its purity decreases as the total fermentation volume increases.Keywords: Dimocarpus longan, bioethanol, acid hydrolysis, saccharomyces cerevisae, destilation purification
Effect of Pt-Ni/C Catalyst Composition Prepared via Impregnation-Ball Milling on Electrochemical Performance and Hydrogen Production in PEMWE Novia Widia Ningsih; Dedi Rohendi; Addy Rachmat; Ady Mara; Muharni Muharni; Nyimas Febrika Sya'baniah; Dwi Hawa Yulianti; Diana Oktarina; Salsabilla Nabigha; Yollanda Nurcholifah
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 11, No 2 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v11.i2.117

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of Pt–Ni/C catalyst composition prepared via impregnation and ball milling on electrochemical performance and hydrogen production in Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis (PEMWE). Five Pt:Ni ratios (1:0, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3, and 0:1) were evaluated using Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV), Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), and hydrogen production tests at 0.5–2.5 A. The Pt-rich catalyst (1:0) exhibited the highest intrinsic activity, with the largest charge (16.03 × 10^-3 C) and electrochemically active surface area (4.90 m2/g), while the 3:1 composition showed the lowest charge transfer resistance. The 1:1 composition achieved the best hydrogen production performance at 2.9 mL/s under 1.5 A, with stable behavior across varying current conditions, indicating a synergistic Pt–Ni interaction that enhances catalytic efficiency. These findings establish a direct correlation between electrochemical characteristics and hydrogen production performance, demonstrating that optimal catalyst performance is governed by a balance between intrinsic activity, charge transfer properties, and active site availability. The Pt–Ni/C (1:1) catalyst represents a promising strategy for designing cost-effective electrocatalysts for PEMWE applications.Keywords: Pt–Ni/C; impregnation; ball milling; PEMWE; hydrogen evolution reaction
Biopolymer Chitosan: A Review of Modification, Characteristics and Biomedical Activity Siva Fauziah; Deni Rahmat; Hendig Winarno; Marissa Angelina
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 11, No 2 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v11.i2.131

Abstract

Chitosan, a natural cationic biopolymer, is gaining popularity in advanced drug delivery systems (DDS) because to its biodegradability and mucoadhesive characteristics. However, its therapeutic efficacy is frequently hampered by weak solubility at physiological pH and inadequate mechanical stability. This paper gives a thorough overview of the most recent advances (up to 2025) in chitosan functionalization to address these constraints. Scientific articles were collected from online database searches on Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Chemical modifications such as synthetic and natural cross-linking (e.g., glutaraldehyde, TPP, genipin, vanillin and tannic acid), carboxylation, alkylation, acylation, Quarternization reaction, Graft Copolymerization and the formation of pH-sensitive Schiff bases have made it possible to develop "smart" stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for targeted cancer and gene therapy. Simultaneously, physical approaches like gamma irradiation provide green pathways for producing high-purity, low-molecular-weight chitosan with increased bioactivity. Beyond acting as an inert carrier, modified chitosan demonstrates potent intrinsic antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer and immunomodulatory activities significantly improving the therapeutic index of encapsulated drugs like paclitaxel and curcumin. This review establishes a roadmap for the clinical translation of multifunctional chitosan derivatives in nanomedicine by bridging the gap between specific modification mechanisms and their biomedical activity.Keywords: Biomedical activity, Characteristic, Chitosan, Modification
Alkali Activation of Coal Fly Ash: Characterization and Potential for Oil Remediation Ayu Fahimah Diniyah Wathi; Aisyiah Restutiningsih Putri Utami; Teguh Pambudi; Meiyanti Ratna Kumalasari; M. Sulthon Nurharman Syah Putra; Sri Setyaningsih; Dola Suciana
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 11, No 2 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v11.i2.146

Abstract

Fly ash, a byproduct of coal combustion, has attracted increasing attention as a low-cost adsorbent for environmental remediation. This study aims to investigate the effect of alkali activation on the structural and surface characteristics of fly ash and to evaluate its potential for oil remediation. In this work, fly ash was activated using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) followed by thermal treatment at 250 C. The structural and surface properties of the materials before and after activation were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. FTIR analysis indicated changes in the surface functional groups of fly ash after alkali activation, while hydrocarbon-related bands observed after contact with used oil suggested the presence of oil-derived compounds on the adsorbent surface. XRD results showed that the activated fly ash retained a predominantly amorphous phase with slight changes in crystallinity. BET analysis revealed only a slight increase in specific surface area from 22.71 to 23.53 m2g-1, accompanied by a small increase in average pore diameter from 5.49 to 5.77 nm, indicating limited modification of the mesoporous structure after alkali activation. These structural modifications suggest that alkali activation alters the surface characteristics of fly ash and may support its potential use in oil remediation. The findings indicate that alkali-activated fly ash has potential as an economical and sustainable adsorbent for environmental remediation applications, particularly for the treatment of oil-contaminated waste.Keywords: alkaline activation, adsorbent, BET, FTIR, XRD

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