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BERITA BIOLOGI
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PEMBARUAN TAKSONOMI, SEBARAN SPESIES DAN KUNCI IDENTIFIKASI NYAMUK DEWASA TRIBE FICALBIINI (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) DI INDONESIA Sidiq Setyo Nugroho
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 20, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v20i1.3831

Abstract

Indonesia is an archipelago that has complex biodiversity and distribution of fauna, including mosquitoes. Indonesia currently has around 456 species of mosquitoes and is the second-largest in the world. Update on the information about the species list and distribution of mosquitoes in Indonesia compiled by O'Connor and Sopa (1981) have never been conducted for nearly 40 years. The purpose of this study is to convey taxonomic updates and species distribution as well as the key to identifying mosquito in the tribe Ficalbiini in Indonesia. The Ficalbiini tribe consists of the genus Ficalbia and Mimomyia. The author has reviewed some literature about taxonomic information, species distribution, and morphological characters of tribe Ficalbiini members. The list of species and their distribution updated with literature study and mosquitoes collection from Rikhus Vektora 2015 – 2018 organized by Balitbangkes, Ministry of Health, Indonesia. The mosquitoes were identified on the spot and confirmed in the laboratory. Identification results also have undergone an appeal with external parties. Indonesia currently has 11 species in the tribe Ficalbiini, namely Ficalbia ludlowae, Fi. minima, Mimomyia elegans, Mi. luzonensis, Mi. fusca, Mi. mogii, Mi. aurea, Mi. chamberlaini, Mi. flavens, Mi. hybrida, and Mi. modesta. Mimomyia mogii and Mi. aurea are two additional species to the species list compiled by O'Connor and Sopa (1981). The species of the tribe Ficalbiini spread throughout Indonesia, except in the Maluku islands. The identification key for species in the tribe Ficalbiini in Indonesia has never been available before. Thus, species identification key for female mosquitoes in the tribe Ficalbiini included in this paper as well. 
PENGARUH MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN JERUK PURUT (Citrus hystrix) TERHADAP DINDING SEL BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus Opstaria Saptarini; Ismi Rahmawati
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 20, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v20i1.3976

Abstract

Kaffir lime leaves essential oil has activity to inhibit bacterial growth. The mechanism of the inhibition is thought to be located in thebacterial cell wall. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial work location of kaffir lime leaf essential oil against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Kaffir lime leaves were distilled by steam distillation, essential oils obtained were identified by organoleptic quality, evaporation, solubility in alcohol, refractive index and specific gravity. The results were compared under with the literature. The results of essential oils were made with various concentrations of 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.13, 1.56, 0.73, 0.39, and 0.20%. The results of the concentration series were tested for antibacterial activity with the macrodilution method followed by the determination for the location of bacterial growth inhibition using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The yield of kaffir lime leaf essential oil was 0.82%. The observation of organoleptic essential oil has a light yellow color, the distinctive odor of kaffir lime, a liquid form, and distinctive lime taste. Refractive index examination resulted 1.454; specific gravity 0.8317, and soluble in 70% ethanol with a ratio of 1:1. The Minimum BactericidalConcentration (MBC) obtained from the antibacterial activity test was 6.25%. Kaffir lime leaves essential oil mechanism occurred in the cell walls and cell membranes of Staphylococcus aureus. 
KAJIAN AWAL POTENSI OPOSUM LAYANG (Petaurus breviceps) SEBAGAI RESERVOIR BAKTERI ZOONOTIK DAN RESISTENSI ANTIMIKROBA Rifka A. N. Safitri; Sarsa A. Nisa; Nurul Inayah; Taufiq P. Nugraha; Agung Suprihadi; Sri Pujiyanto; Anang S. Achmadi; Achirul Nditasari; Sugiyono Saputra
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 20, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v20i1.3974

Abstract

Oposum layang atau sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps) merupakan salah satu satwa endemik Indonesia. Permintaan akan satwa eksotis ini sebagai hewan peliharaan terus meningkat namun informasi terkait potensi zoonosis yang ditimbulkannya masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi dan mengidentifikasi bakteri patogen yang dibawa oleh oposum layang melalui pendekatan culture-dependant method dan untuk mengetahui pola resistensi antibiotiknya. Sampel yang digunakan adalah feses oposum layang (n=21) yang dikoleksi dari fasilitas riset satwa liar di Pusat Penelitian Biologi LIPI, Bogor. Berdasarkan uji presumptif Salmonella pada medium Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate (XLD) agar, sebanyak 6 sampel (29%) dinyatakan positif, sedangkan  uji presumtif untuk Listeria pada Listeria isolation transwab dinyatakan positif untuk semua sampel (100%). Secara total, sebanyak 43 isolat telah berhasil dikoleksi dan dikarakterisasi fenotipiknya terhadap antibiotik dan sembilan isolat (21%) diantaranya menunjukkan adanya resistensi terhadap satu jenis antibiotik atau lebih. Sementara itu, tiga isolat potensial patogen telah diidentifikasi menggunakan gen 16S rRNA yaitu Shigella sonnei (X15), Klebsiella pneumoniae (X21) dan Bacillus flexus (H8). Penelitian lanjutan untuk mengidentifikasi bakteri yang dikoleksi dan mengkonfirmasi patogenisitasnya masih perlu dilakukan namun berdasarkan hasil dari kajian awal ini, kami menguatkan hipotesis bahwa oposum layang berpotensi sebagai reservoir dari bakteri zoonosis sekaligus reservoir dari resistensi antimikroba. 
KERAGAMAN LUMUT KERAK PADA TANAMAN TEH (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) DI PERKEBUNAN TEH PT. SARANA MANDIRI MUKTI KABUPATEN KEPAHIANG PROVINSI BENGKULU Rochmah Supriati; Helmiyetti Helmiyetti; Dwi Agustian
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 20, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v20i1.3944

Abstract

Lichen is a mutualism symbiotic organism between fungi (mycobiont) and photosynthetic symbiont in the form of algae (photobiont). It can be found from the lowlands to the highlands, growing epiphytically on soil, rocks, weathered wood, and tree bark, as shown on surface of the tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) in The PT Sarana Mandiri Mukti Tea plantation in Kepahiang regency, Bengkulu Province. The purpose of this research was to identify and find out the species of epiphytic lichens on the tea plant in this place. The study was conducted in May–November 2019. Samples was collected purposively, by taken ephyphitic lichens growth on the bark of tea plants stems. Then, samples was identified based on morphological characteristics at the Basic Science Biosystematics Laboratory, FMIPA University of Bengkulu. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. It was identified as many as 35 species of lichens from the Ascomycota division, belonged to three classes, six orders, 11 families; those are  Graphidaaceae, Stereocaulaceae, Parmeliaceae, Lecanoraceae, Malmideaeceae, Pertusariaceae, Teloschistaceae, Caliciaceae, Physciaceae, Arthoniaceae, dan Pyrenulaceae. 23 species have crustose type thalus and 12 species have foliose type thalus.  
COMPOSITION AND QUANTIFICATION OF FATTY ACIDS PRODUCED BY Xylaria sp. DAP KRI-5 Ahmad Fathoni; Muhammad Ilyas; Praptiwi Praptiwi; Andi Saptaji Kamal; Lukman Hafid; Lina Marlina; Andria Agusta
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 20, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v20i1.4063

Abstract

Asam lemak mempunyai nilai guna komersial sebagai suplemen makanan, produk farmasi dan sumber energi terbarukan. Sumber asam lemak sebagian berasal dari hewan, tumbuhan, dan jamur endofit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan dan komposisi asam lemak dari jamur endofit  Xylaria sp. DAP KRI-5. Asam lemak didapatkan dari fraksi n-heksana yang dihasilkan dari partisi ekstrak etil asetat Xylaria sp. DAP KRI-5 dengan n-heksana: metanol (1:1). Turunan FAME (Fatty acid methyl ester) dari asam lemak didentifikasi dengan menggunakan GC-MS. Kandungan asam lemak dari fraksi n-heksana Xylaria sp. DAP KRI-5 adalah 26,39% (b/b) ekstrak kering. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan menggunakan GC-MS. Komposisi dan kuantifikasi asam lemak Xylaria sp. DAP KRI-5 adalah asam linoleat (41,177%; 112,24 mg/L); asam palmitat (25,114%; 68,45 mg/L); asam oleat (14.198%; 38,70 mg/L);  asam stearat (6,575%; 17,2 mg/mL); dan asam palmitoleat 2,165%; 5,90 mg/mL). Persentase asam lemak jenuh dan tidak jenuh berturut-turut adalah 31,69 and 57,54%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan jamur endofit Xylaria sp. DAP KRI-5 berpotensi sebagai sumber asam lemak tidak jenuh. Penelitian ini merupakan laporan pertama dari asam lemak yang diproduksi oleh Xylaria sp. DAP KRI-5. 
EKSPRESI Hsa-miR-22-3p PADA URIN PASIEN BENIGN PROSTATE HYPERPLASIA (BPH) SEBAGAI BIOMARKER NON INVASIF Angga Dwi Prasetyo
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 20, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v20i1.3990

Abstract

Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) is one of prostate diseases with highest prevalence rates men in the world. Benign Prostate Hyperplasia are caused by many factors, such as disorders of androgen receptors, mutations genes, age, epigenetics and environment. Detection BPH in the form of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), Transurethral Resection Of Prostate (TURP) and Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) which is invasive in the patient. MicroRNAs in urine eksosomes can be used to detect BPH with non-invasive to patients. This study aims to determine the potential expression of Hsa-miR-22-3p in eksosomal urine samples of BPH as a non-invasive biomarker. This was an observational cross sectional analytic study. Urine samples were obtained from dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta and dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro hospital. Furthermore, eksosomes isolation, RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis and quantification with qRT-PCR. Based on the results, it is known that Hsa-miR-22-3p decreased expression as much as 29.54 times in BPH, there were significant differences between samples of BPH and normal samples (P = 0.001). Thus Hsa-miR-22-3p has potential as a biomarker in Benign Prostate Hyperplasia. 
GLIKOBIOLOGI, GLIKANS DAN GLIKOPROTEIN BESERTA APLIKASINYA DALAM KESEHATAN Adi Santoso
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 20, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v20i1.3991

Abstract

Glycobiology is a study of the structure, biosynthesis, glycosylation and biology of glycans that are widespread in nature. Through the process of glycosylation which is one of the most post-translational forms of protein modification, macromolecular structures that are as diverse as glycoproteins can be formed. In other words, glycosylation is one of the most common structural modifications used by biological systems to expand proteomic diversity. This makes glycosylation a very high prevalence, estimated at 50-70% of all proteins are glycoproteins. Glycosylation can affect proteolysis patterns, ligand-receptor interactions, oncogenic signal transduction, body immunity, cell adhesion and cell matrix. Because of the high level of structural variability that arises from the glycosylation process, many new strategies can be made using the uniqueness of this glycoprotein modification, especially in the pharmaceutical field. This includes modifications in protein engineering in the expression systems of yeast, plant cells and mammalian cells. 
PROGRESS IMPLEMENTATION OF TARGET 9 OF GLOBAL STRATEGY FOR PLANT CONSERVATION CONDUCTED BY INDONESIAN BOTANIC GARDEN NETWORK Siti Fatimah Hanum
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 20, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v20i1.3964

Abstract

Plant have been cultivated for a long time, they have been selected and bred by our ancestors for their nutritional qualities, flavor, productivity, storage ability and other valued traits. Crop Wild Relative (CWR) are often neglected because they have not been used for domestication. However, world population growth together with the potentially adverse impact of climate change on agricultural production, calls for greater action to ensure global food security.  Indonesian Botanic Garden already ratified Convention on Biodiversity (CBD). One of the programs is the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC). The GSPC vision is to stop the plant diversity loss through five objectives and 16 targets for plant conservation to be achieved by 2020. The study was to identify the implementation of target 9 of GSPC by Indonesian Botanic Garden Network. The result showed that there are four reason Indonesian Botanic Garden has participated in target 9 of GSPC, We also provided success stories from other botanic garden to encourage Indonesian Botanic Garden to conserve more Indonesian Crop Wild Relatives (CWR) whilst facilitating their use in crop improvement. 
THE EFFECT OF CHROMIUM STRESS ON MICRO-ANATOMICAL PROFILE OF CHILI (Capsicum annuum L.) Nur Fitrianto; Siti Samiyarsih; Dede Winda Nur Fauziah; Sri Lestari
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 20, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v20i1.3866

Abstract

Chromium contamination can affect morphological, physiological, and anatomical changes, especially in chili vegetative organs. This research aims to understand micro-anatomical structure of the vegetative organs of chili subjected to chromium stress. The aim of the research is to know whether there is a micro-anatomical character difference between contaminated and uncontaminated chromium. The experimental methods using a completely randomized design (CRD). The independent variable is five levels of chromium concentration, i.e., 0; 50; 100; 200; and 300 ppm. The method of preparing anatomical preparations of the stem using a non-embedding and embedding method. The parameters observed in root and stem are organ diameter, xylem, thick of epidermis, and cortex. In contrast, leaf organ parameter includes thick cuticle, epidermis, mesophyll, stomata size (length and width), and stomatal number. The research results showed that organ anatomical structure, i.e., root, stem, and leaf in chromium stress condition did not change. Chromium deposition causes a decrease in root diameter, xylem, thick cortex roots, stem diameter, xylem, the thickness of the epidermis and cortex, leaf epidermal thickness, mesophyll, size of stomata width and number. In contrast, the chromium stress causes an increase in the thickness of the root epidermis (43,18%), cuticle thickness (36,36%), and leaf stomata length (33,33%) of chili as chromium concentrations increase. The anatomical structure of chili leaves changes after being contaminated chromium stress. 
STUDI POTENSI TANAMAN TEBU IRENG (Saccharum officinarum L.) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN DAN ANTIMIKROBA Putri Sri Andila; I Putu Agus Hendra Wibawa; I Nyoman Lugrayasa; Wawan Sujarwo
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 20, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v20i1.3924

Abstract

Tebu ireng (Saccharum officinarum L.) merupakan jenis tebu lokal yang memiliki ciri khusus yaitu warna batangnya yang hitam.Secara tradisional tebu ireng dimanfaatkan sebagai obat penyakit diabetes.Selain dapat dimanfaatkan secara tradisional sebagai obat diabetes, diyakini tebu ireng masih banyak menyimpan manfaat lain yang belum banyak diketahui. Studi ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak tebu ireng sebagai antioksidan dan antimikroba, ditinjau dari beberapa bagian tanamannya. Proses ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut methanol, uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH free radical scavenger menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Pengujian aktivitas antimikroba dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar (Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method). Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa tebu ireng memiliki kemampuan sebagai antiokidan.Tingkat kepekatan warna dari tebu ireng berkorelasi dengan aktifitas antiokidannya.Ekstrak dari keseluruhan bagian tanaman tebu ireng efektif untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Streptococcus mutans, namun tidak efektif menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Candida albicans.Tebu ireng mengandung pigmen Antosianinserta kaya akan serat pangan .

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