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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 2,125 Documents

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STRUKTUR DAN KEKAYAAN JENIS TUMBUHAN MANGROVE PASCA-TSUNAMI DI PULAU NIAS Onrizal, Onrizal; Kusmana, Cecep
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Mangroves is an essential natural resources and vital component tor coastal areas both ecology and socio-economic.Adapted mangrove vegetation on tsunami disaster is important information for mangrove rehabilitation post-tsunami.The aim of the research was to determine the structure and species richness of mangrove vegetation post-tsunami in Aceh and Nias Island by vegetation analyses and inventory methods, field survey was carried out in March 2005 - three months after tsunami disaster.We found 20 adapted mangrove species post-tsunami in Nias island, dominated by Rhizophora apiculata. Land system of KJP was compound of 17 adapted mangrove species, and land system of PTG and KHY were each compound of 7 adapted mangrove species, Based on our research, we recommended that R. apiculaw is the first priority species to be used for mangrove rehabilitation in Nias island.

FERMENTASI KECAP DARI BEBERAPA JENIS KACANG-KACANGAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN RAGI MUTAN Aspergillus sp. K-1 DAN Aspergillus sp. K-1A Naiola, Elidar; Soeka, Yati Soedaryati
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 5 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v8i5.1901

This study was focused on the selection of type of beans for kecap production. The mold fermentation or kecap koji making process was conducted in small scale at room temperature for 3 days and the brine fermentation for 2 weeks at room temperature.Product were analyzed for biochemical (total nitrogen, formol nitrogen, and total water soluble nitrogen) content. It was found that the final composision of kecap mash were mainly due to brain fermentation and by activities of strains showed varies effect to total nitrogen (TN), formol nitrogen (FN), and total water soluble nitrogen (WN).Kecap mash produced using kedelai, hiris and tolo inoculated with Aspergillus sp. K-1 containing formol nitrogen 0.58%, 0.65% and 0.57%, respectively.Meanwhile using Aspergillus sp. K-1A producing kecap mash with formol nitrogen were 0.75%, 0.75%, 0.65%, respectly. The ratio of WN to TN of the kecap mash from hiris and tolo were up to 50%, while the ratio of FN to TN varies, which was influenced by the koji used.Based on the chemical properties above, it can be recommended that hiris can be used for kecap production though requires extensive researches.

FISIOLOGI BUI DORMAN GEWANG (Corypha Man Lamarck) Naiola, BP
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 6 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v8i6.836

Gewang (Corypha utan Lamarck), a wild or semi-wild palm species distribute widely in Nusa Tenggara savanna with great potential(as building materials, drink and food), as traditionally have been exploited and utilized by local villagers for ages.To increase her potential should be promoted by plant domestication applied as on farm model such as agroforestry and social forestry. Seedlings availability is one of the basic need when comes to plant domestication. The only possibility of propagation in gewang is by generative phase (seeds). On the other hand, gewang seeds are known as orthodox, with low percentage of germination. This study shows that mature gewang seeds dropped under the mother trees are highly protected by tight tissues of endocarp and endosperm. Although the mature seeds in the nature seems ready to germinate, however there should be a dimensional balance (chemical, physical and physiological) or synchronization among components (endocarp/testa, endosperm and embryo) as a driving force to promote germination.In nature, the attainment of this synchronization/ dimensional balance of gewang seeds, are driven by external (both biotic and abiotic) factors as well such as fungi and climatic fluctuations. While artificial treatments like scarification, soaking, heating and acid are to accelerate the dimensional balance. Low embryo content per 100 seeds also responsible for low seed germination. It is suggested that low embryo content may be due to interactions among factors like low fertility of pollen grains, time incompatibility between gynoecium (stigma) and androecium (pollen grains) during pollen shed process and ineffectiveness of pollination due to great number of flowers.

DISTRIBUSI VERTIKAL DAN HORIZONTAL Asplenium nidus L. DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG HALIMUN, JAWA BARAT Mansur, Muhammad; Kohyama, Takashi; Simbolon, Herwint; Partomihardjo, Tukirin; Tani, Tomokazu
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 1&2 (2004)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The study was carried out on August 2000 to July 2001, in 1-ha permanent plot, near Cikaniki Research Station, in Halimun Mountain National Park, West Java.The results shows that, from 1 ha (100 sub plots, each 10x10 m size) studied there were 388 individual numbers of Asplenium nidus L. with some variation on rosette leaves size. The individual numbers of A. nidus were greater at host plant stem with diameter class distribution between 1.3-9.9 cm (45,6%), and than percentages value were decreased in the larger of host plant stem diameter class. Also the individual numbers of A. nidus were greater at under 5 m height position above ground, that is 252 (65,1%).There were no correlation between host plant height (tree trunk height) and A. nidus height position above ground.However there were little linear correlation between rosette leaves size with stem diameter of host plant(Y=1.5586x+317.37 and R =0.0211), and little linear correlation between rosette leaves size with host plant height(Y=2.8241x+304.63, and R =0.0226), but there were no significant increased for both. It was assumed the effects of microclimate(temperature, humidity, light, and rainfall) to distribution of A. nidus as well as horizontal or vertical distribution.

KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KELIMPAHAN ORTHOPTERA(INSECTA) DI GUNUNG KENDENG DAN GUNUNG BOTOL, TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG HALIMUN, JAWA BARAT, INDONESIA Erawati, Nety Virgo; Atmowidi, Tri; Kahono, Sih
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 1&2 (2004)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Study on diversity and abundance of Orthoptera (insect) was conducted at a tropical mountainous rainforest of Java, Mounts Kendeng and Botol, Gunung Halimun National Park, West Java, Indonesia, from January to March 2002. Total Orthoptera captured was 414 individuals,consist of 25 species and 9 families. Shannon Diversity Index and evenness were higher at Mount of Kendeng (2.44 and 0.81) rather than Mount Botol (1.80 and 0.66).Similarity Index of Jaccard and Sorenson of both localities were similar (0.40 and 0.32).Relative abundant of each family and species will be compared between the two locations also.

LINNEAUSS LEGACY Systematic Challenges, Past and Present Olsson, Urban
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 4(a) (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Tulisan ini menyampaikan perkembangan ilmu sistimatik. Pandangan Linnaeus menyerupai pandangan Aristotle dalam hal mengelompokkan organisme mengikuti Scala Naturae yaitu berdasarkan kemiripan. Namun pendekatannya berbeda, Aristotle lebih menekankan bahwa karakter yang berkaitan dengan gaya hidup organisme seperti bentuk tubuh sangat penting untuk klasifikasi.Sedangkan menurut Linnaeus justru karakter yang tidak terlihat, tetapi sangat penting dalam mempertahankan hidup sehari-hari justru jauh lebih penting. Saat ini kita menyusun organisme berdasarkan pohon filogenetik dengan cara mengelompokkannya kedalam kelompok monofiletik atau disebut juga kelompok alami yaitu dimasukkan kedalam suku (famili), ordo dan filum.Jenis-jenis yang termasuk kelompok tersebut harus berasal dari nenek moyang yang sama.Perbedaan yang terjadi pada bentuk tubuh atau fungsi bagian tubuh dipaparkan dengan ,cladistic.Perkembangan pesat di bidang biologi molekuler termasuk tehnik-tehnik DNA dalam beberapa dasawarsa terakhir ini sangat membantu mengurai persoalan rumit yang dijumpai dalam melakukan klasifikasi.

PENGELOMPOKAN PLASMANUTFAH SPESIES PADI LIAR {Oryza spp.) BERDAS ARKAN PEUB AH KUANTITATIF TANAMAN Suhartini, Tintin; Sutoro, Sutoro
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 6 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Wild rice species are important gene sources for the rice improvement programs.The morphological characters is the easiest way to identify the crop specificity, and it is applicable for determining the relation among species.The grouping on wild rice species are determined by using cluster analysis through the principal component analysis which involved 16 characters of quantitative traits of wild rice species. The total sample of wild rice species was 89 accessions of 18 species.The research was done at green house level during 3 seasons from 2004 to 2005.All the accessions of wild rice were planted in pots consists of 10 kg soil by 3 replications for each accession.The result of analysis of the first principal component from quantitative characters (plant height,amount of grain fill per panicle, amount of grain total per panicle, panicle length, 1000 grains weight, grain shape, days of flowering, total internodes and awning length ) could explain that variability were 82 %.The result of cluster analysis involved the four of principal component with similarity level equal to 80 %, obtained 5 groups of wild rice species. The result of the clusters was Oryza sativa included at cluster I, while O. officinalis had 3 clusters that is cluster III, IV and V. While O. meyeriana and Oryza ridleyi joint at cluster II.Quantitative character was applicable for clustering the accessions of wild rice species as according to each genome.

POLA PERKECAMBAHAN RAMIN (Gonystylus bancanus) DAN EFEKTIFITAS KOMPOSISI MEDIA TANAM Rachman, Erlin; Utami, Ning Wikan
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v8i1.814

A research work on seed germination of ramin (Gonystylus bancanus (Miq. Kurz) was conducted to study germination pattern and the effectivity of some composition of planting medias contained compost, cocopeat, organic manure, carbonic sekam and soil.The result showed that the seed germination pattern of ramin at least consist of six stages based on one or more morfological change or an organ formation occured. A growing period needed by the juvenil ramin to grow from a stage to next stage and the seedling plant heigh were taken as parameters to pursued the effectivity of planting media composition. Generally, media contained compost, cocopeat, carbonic sekam and organic manure were much more effective than medium contains soil only. Medium contained compost only was the most effective as planting media based on the two parameters. Cocopeat and carbonic sekam was also recommended as alternative planting media for seed germination and juvenil plant growth of ramin.

MIKROPROPAGASI TANAMAN ILES-ILES {Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Imelda, Maria; Wulansari, Aida; Poerba, Yuyu S
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

In Indonesia, iles-iles (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) has not yet been cultivated intensively; their cultivation area is still limited. This species contains high glucomannan, which is useful as food diet, paper pulp, textile, paint, film-negative, celluloid and cosmetic industry. The cultivation of A. muelleri is hampered by limited genetic quality of plant.The species is triploid (2n=3x=39), the seed is developed apomictically, and pollen production is low.This may explain that the species is difficult to breed conventionally and genetic variability in the existing landraces cultivars is rather limited. Genetic variability of this plant is therefore can be achieve by induced mutation through tissue cultures for use in breeding program to develop better cultivars.Developing an efficient and effective micropropagation of the species is therefore important for use in the genetic improvement program.In other hands, the prospect for development and export of iles-iles is high since the demand from Japan alone has not been fulfilled. Propagation of iles-iles is generally done by splitting tubers, bulbils or leaf cuttings, but this method can not yield planting materials in large quantities within a relatively short time. In this research, young shoots which had just appeared from tubers were used as a source of explants. Sterilization of the explants was carried out in 0.05 % HgCl, solution for 20 min, rinsed several times with sterile distilled water and then cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.1-0.2 mg/1 Thidiazuron (TDZ), 0.5-1.0 mg/1 Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.5-1.0 mg/1 Kinetin (KIN) singly or in combination. Acclimatization of plantlets was done on 3 kinds of media namely (A), soil + compost, (B) soil + compost.+ cocopeat, and (C) soil + cocopeat. The results showed that the best medium is MS containing 0.2 mg/1 TDZ and 0,5 mg/1 BAP for in vitro shootbuds induction and proliferation of iles-iles, while MS without plant growth regulators is suitable for shoot growth and root formation and soil + compost + cocopeat for acclimatization of plantlets.

DIMORFISME SEKSUAL DAN RASIO SEKSUAL JENDERDUA JENIS IRAN ARWANA ASIA {Scleropages jardinii dan S.formosus : Osteoglossidae) Tjakrawidjaja, Agus H
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Study on biological reproduction aspects of Asian Arwanas fishes {Scleropages jardinii and S. formosus) particularly their sexual dimorphism and sexual ratio of gender is very important as a base for captivity breeding. Up to the present, it is difficult to determine the sexual identity of these Asian Arwanas, lead the difficulties in making sexual ratio description.The reliable sexual ratio in captive breeding would increase the production. The result of this research would be useful for reference in the identification of the gender of Asian Arwanas.

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