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Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 19783728     EISSN : 24429740     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry
The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) (e-ISSN:2442-9740; p-ISSN:1978-3728) is published by the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Its diciplinary focus is dental science and dental hygiene. The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) is published in English on a quarterly basis with each 50-60 page edition containing between nine and eleven scientific articles on research, study literature and case studies. Contributors to the Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) included: dental researchers, dental practitioners, lecturers, and students drawn from Indonesia and a wide range of other countries.
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Articles 11 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 55 No. 3 (2022): September 2022" : 11 Documents clear
Mapping of health care facilities, dental visits and oral health problems in Indonesia to prevent COVID-19 transmission Ayu Asri Lestari; Melissa Adiatman; Risqa Rina Darwita
Dental Journal Vol. 55 No. 3 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i3.p154-160

Abstract

Background: One of the goals of Indonesia’s participation in sustainable development goals is to improve its health state. Efforts to achieve health improvement are increasing the availability of health care facilities so people can easily access and get treatment for dental and oral health. As we know, the first case of COVID-19 in Indonesia was found in March 2020 and all cases were spread over 34 provinces. During this pandemic situation, health care facilities and some dental treatments generating aerosols are one of the environments that can potentially transmit COVID-19 to the community. Dentists have the riskiest job because they must be less than two meters from patients. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of health care facilities, dental visits and oral health problems to prevent increased exposure to COVID-19 by using a geographic information system to explore the distribution of regional data. Methods: This study is a secondary data analysis and used data from Indonesia Basic Health Research 2018 and Health Facility Research 2019. Data of health care facilities, dental visits and oral health problems were tabulated using MS Excel version 16.45. Spatial mapping was done using Quantum Geographic Information System Desktop version 3.18.3 based on open-source software. Results: Java Island has the highest distribution of health care facilities and receives treatment from the dentist. COVID-19 reached a peak in June–July 2021, and Java Island became the region with the highest incidence rate. Conclusion: The distribution of health care facilities and dental visits was in line with the spread of the COVID-19 virus in 34 provinces. Almost all treatments of oral health problems need a highspeed rotary instrument, which can be a source of transmission of this virus.
Immunohistochemical differential expression of p16 proteins in follicular type and plexiform type ameloblastoma Haris Budi Widodo; Anung Saptiwulan; Helmi Hirawan; Christiana Cahyani Prihastuti; Tirta Wardana
Dental Journal Vol. 55 No. 3 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i3.p137-141

Abstract

Background: Differences in histopathological features that describe the growth mechanism and biological behaviour of follicular and plexiform ameloblastomas are associated with benign, aggressive and destructive tumour markers. p16 has inhibitory interactions between cyclin D and CDK 4/6 to block the cell cycle and alterations related to severity. Purpose: This study intends to evaluate and determine differential expressions of p16 protein in follicular and plexiform ameloblastomas. Methods: This is a descriptive analytics study. A total of 21 specimens consisting of follicular and plexiform ameloblastomas and healthy gingiva tissues as the negative control were examined using the immunohistochemistry assay. The analysis of p16 protein expression was interpreted by immunoreactive scoring. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software with the Mann–Whitney test. A p-value <0.05 shows the significance of the change in expression. Results: An increased expression of p16 protein was found in the follicular ameloblastoma type (2.13 ± 1.808) and the plexiform type (4.44 ± 2.506) in comparison to the negative control group (0 ± 0). The increase of p16 expression in the follicular and plexiform ameloblastomas was significant compared to the negative control group (p-value <0.05); however, there was no significant difference between either type of ameloblastoma (p-value >0.05). Conclusion: The highest intensity of p16 protein expression was found in the plexiform type, even though it was not significantly different from the follicular type ameloblastoma.
Oral hygiene assessment of dental students using the Oral Rating Index (ORI) Tirza Oktarina Setiabudi; Fajar Hamonangan Nasution
Dental Journal Vol. 55 No. 3 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i3.p142-147

Abstract

Background: Oral hygiene screening should be done on a regular basis, notably during the COVID-19 outbreak, during which lifestyle changes and government lockdown policies lower the oral hygiene level. The Oral Rating Index (ORI), established by Kawamura, is the suitable oral hygiene screening index during the COVID-19 pandemic. Dental students are supposed to be role models for the community by maintaining good dental hygiene. Purpose: To study the use of online oral hygiene screening using the ORI and to determine the oral hygiene of dentistry students at Trisakti University. Methods: This research is a cross-sectional descriptive observational study. A total of 100 preclinical dental students from Trisakti University took part in the study. Intraoral photos were taken and sent to the researcher via the internet. The ORI was used to evaluate the data. The reliability of the results was determined using a per cent agreement test and Cohen’s kappa coefficient. Results: The average oral hygiene score of dental students at Trisakti University was 0.58±0.88. The per cent agreement was 88%, and Cohen’s kappa coefficient was κ = 0.79, indicating excellent reliability. Conclusion: Based on their ORI score, it can be stated that dentistry students at Trisakti University have good oral hygiene and that online evaluation using the ORI is a useful tool for routine oral hygiene screening.
Cytotoxic test of different solvents of soursop (Annona muricata) leaf extract against HSC-3 cell line Areta Vania Bhanuwati; Alfred Pakpahan
Dental Journal Vol. 55 No. 3 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i3.p130-136

Abstract

Background: Soursop (Annona muricata) leaves have been researched extensively and found to have anticancer properties. The use of soursop as an anticancer treatment is increasingly popular due to its selective cytotoxic activity by acetogenins. The polarity of the extract solvent contributes to the biological activity of the plant, namely cytotoxicity. Purpose: To determine the cytotoxicity of A. muricata leaf extract with ethanol, ethyl acetate and hexane fractions against human oral squamous carcinoma (HSC-3) cell lines. Methods: This experimental laboratory study consisted of twenty four treatment groups tested against the HSC-3 cell line. The ethanol, ethyl acetate and hexane fractions of A. muricata leaves were administered to seven different concentrations, namely 0.3 μg/mL, 3 μg/mL, 25 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, 150 μg/mL and 300 μg/mL. The control group consisted of three groups: negative control, solvent control and positive control. The percentage of cell viability was calculated by absorbent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reader. The cytotoxicity of A. muricata leaf extract against HSC-3 cells was determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and expressed by IC50 value. The results were analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD). Results: The results show that the leaf extracts of A. muricata are moderately cytotoxic to HSC-3 cells. The highest cytotoxic activity was found in the ethyl acetate extract with an IC50 value of 76.66 μg/mL – making it the best solvent – then hexane (IC50: 84.14 μg), then ethanol (IC50: 101.32 μg/mL). Statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD is considered significant p < 0.001. Conclusion: Ethanol, ethyl acetate and hexane fractions of A. muricata leaf extract are moderately cytotoxic, with IC50 values in the range of 21–200 μg/mL.
Visualizing the velocity fields and fluid behavior of a solution using artificial intelligence during EndoActivator activation Harry Huiz Peeters; Elvira Theola Judith; Faber Yosua Silitonga; Lavi Rizki Zuhal
Dental Journal Vol. 55 No. 3 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i3.p125-129

Abstract

Background: Electrical devices driven sonically have been found in several studies to be effective to clean root canals but the effect of the EndoActivator irrigant activation flow behavior on cleaning efficacy is not completely understood. Purpose: The study aimed to provide an initial understanding of flow behavior and velocity field generation during the irrigant activation process by EndoActivator using artificial intelligence (AI). Methods: A straight glass model was filled with a solution containing 17% EDTA. Meanwhile, a medium activator tip with 22-mm polymer noncutting #25, 0.04 file driven by an electrical sonic hand-piece at 190 Hz (highest level) was used to induce velocity field to produce micro-bubbles. The physical mechanisms involved were recorded using a Miro 320S highspeed imaging system, the hydrodynamic responses were recorded, and analyzed using a motion estimation program supported by LiteFlowNet (AI). Results: The rapid fluid flow was visualized clearly in the model when it was activated by an EndoActivator tip. It was also observed that the distal end of the EndoActivator tip generated a near-wall high gradient velocity apically in all directions of the oscillation. Conclusion: The analysis showed that the proposed motion estimation program, supported by LiteFlowNet (AI), was able to capture velocity magnitude estimation of a non-PIV experiment and visualize the bubbles generated in the solution.
Saliva analysis in children with active caries before and after dental treatment Ebru Akleyin; Cansu Osmanoğulları Sarıyıldız; İzzet Yavuz; İsmet Rezani Toptancı
Dental Journal Vol. 55 No. 3 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i3.p120-124

Abstract

Background: The amount and quality of saliva play important roles in maintaining an intraoral bacterial balance. The quality of saliva is defined by its buffering capacity, viscosity, pH and protein content. The amount of saliva is usually related to the flow rate. Purpose: This study aimed to compare the flow rate, pH, viscosity and buffering capacity of saliva as well as plaque formation in children before and after dental treatment. Methods: Saliva samples were taken from paediatric patients before their treatments and one month after their dental treatments had ended, and these saliva samples were then analysed. For each sample analysis, the GC Saliva-Check Buffer kit (GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) was used to evaluate buffering capacity, pH and flow rate, and the GC Saliva-Check Mutans kit (GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) was used for the determination of Streptococcus Mutans. GC Tri Plaque ID gel (GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) was applied to evaluate plaque maturation. Results: The pre-treatment buffering capacity, pH and viscosity sample values were found to be significantly lower than the post-treatment values (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was determined in the amount of saliva pre- and post-treatment (p>0.05). When examining plaque maturation, it was determined that all of the post-treatment plaque was pink. Conclusion: This study showed that the pH, viscosity and buffering capacity of saliva had increased significantly post-treatment and that the formation of plaque had decreased in children with active caries after all their dental treatments had been completed.
Bilateral ramus mandibulectomy with plate reconstruction in ameloblastic carcinoma patient Eunike Lay; Widodo Ario Kentjono
Dental Journal Vol. 55 No. 3 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i3.p174-178

Abstract

Background: Ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare and malignant odontogenic tumour possibly arising de-novo from pre-existing ameloblastoma. It is aggressive and locally destructive. Ameloblastoma is the most common benign odontogenic tumour of the mandible. It originates from the tooth-forming epithelium, where its aetiology remains unknown. Ameloblastoma usually grows slowly, is asymptomatic, and destroys the surrounding bone tissue. Malignant transformation of ameloblastomas may occur spontaneously. Resection is the primary therapy for ameloblastic carcinoma with extensive bone destruction. Mandibular resection causes instability due to the missing parts of bone, so reconstruction is needed. Purpose: This study will report on an individual case of ameloblastic carcinoma that underwent a bilateral ramus mandibulectomy with reconstruction using the plate technique. Case: Bilateral ramus mandibulectomy with plate and reconstruction in an ameloblastic carcinoma patient. Case Management: Two months after surgery, the patient could open her mouth functionally and aesthetically. Conclusion: Plate reconstruction is an option for reconstructing bilateral ramus mandibulectomy of a large ameloblastic carcinoma of the mandible.
The effect of herbal medicine in reducing the severity of oral lichen planus: A systematic review and meta-analysis Kharissa Kemala Vychaktami; Rahmi Amtha; Indrayadi Gunardi; Rosnah Binti Zain
Dental Journal Vol. 55 No. 3 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i3.p165-173

Abstract

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic autoimmune mucocutaneous disease of unknown aetiology. The reported use of herbal medicines may promote the healing of OLP lesions. Purpose: We aim to determine the effectiveness of herbal medicine to reduce the clinical and pain severity of OLP. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library and Wiley Online Library were reviewed according to the inclusion criteria. Risk of bias was performed for the randomised control trial (RCT) and cohort studies to assess the effectiveness of herbal medicines for OLP treatment. Outcomes were recorded based on pain severity and the quality of life of patients with OLP. The mean difference and effect size of studies were pooled. Reviews: Out of 1,034 papers, six publications were selected and reviewed. The most common types of OLP lesions were erosive and atrophic and were mainly found at the buccal site. OLP was common in the range of 27–74 years, especially in females. The herbal medicines used in the publication were curcumin, lycopene, purslane, aloe vera and quercetin. Improvement in quality of life or OLP severity was recorded in the intervention group treated with purslane, curcumin and lycopene (P<0.05) but not in the control group. The total effect of herbal medicine in reducing pain severity (measured with the Visual Analogue Scale [VAS]) in OLP patients was not significant (mean difference 0.13; 95% CI -0.202 to 0.463; p=0.442). Conclusions: Herbal medicine cannot be used as a single regime to reduce pain severity. Further research is recommended to evaluate cohort design studies to observe the prolonged effect of herbal medicine in OLP lesions. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021262282 (2021)
Labial and palatal alveolar bone changes during maxillary incisor retraction at the Universitas Sumatera Utara Dental Hospital Suci Purnama Sari; Mimi Marina Lubis; Muslim Yusuf
Dental Journal Vol. 55 No. 3 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i3.p148-153

Abstract

Background: The fundamental concept of tooth movement during orthodontic treatment is the occurrence of bone remodelling accompanied by tooth movement in equal proportions. The thickness of the alveolar bone, which supports incisors, is important in estimating the direction of tooth movement. Purpose: The study aimed to measure labial and palatal alveolar bone thickness changes after maxillary incisor retraction using lateral cephalograms. Methods: Cephalograms of 40 patients (18.58 ± 4.2 years) with skeletal Class I bimaxillary protrusion after maxillary first premolar extraction for insisivus retraction had been taken before (T0) and after (T1) orthodontic treatment. Changes in alveolar bone thickness were measured in linear and angular directions and then analysed with Spearman correlative analysis. Then the samples were separated into two groups based on the type of tooth movement (tipping and torque), and then the data were analysed using Wilcoxon analysis to see differences in the bone thickness (p<0.05). Results: There was a significant difference in the apical palate (p<0.05) and a relationship between retraction and alveolar bone thickness in the midroot area. In the angular direction, there was no significant difference and relationship; however, there was a significant difference in the labial crestal in the tipping group. In the torque group, the difference in bone thickness occurred in the crestal and apical palatal areas. Conclusion: The retraction and the type of tooth movement difference influence the alveolar bone thickness.
Estimation of children’s age based on dentition via panoramic radiography in Surabaya, Indonesia Agung Sosiawan; An'nisaa Chusida; Beshlina Fitri Widayanti Roosyanto Prakoeswa; Arofi Kurniawan; Maria Istiqomah Marini; Beta Novia Rizky; Tito Krisna Gianosa; Najminoor Ramadhani Ridlo; Mumtaz Ramadhani Putra Pesat Gatra; Aspalilah Alias
Dental Journal Vol. 55 No. 3 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i3.p161-164

Abstract

Background: Age may be estimated using tooth eruption sequence and/or calcification stage. Because many factors may affect the time of eruption, the tooth calcification stage shows higher accuracy than the time of tooth eruption. Demirjian’s and Willems’ methods have been most commonly used for dental age estimation. Both Willems and Demirjian use the calcification stage as an indicator. Studies comparing these methods have shown varied results, as they have been performed on different populations. Purpose: This paper aims to analyse the estimation of children's age based on dentition via panoramic radiography in Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using a purposive sampling method. One hundred digital panoramic radiographs of children between 6 and 15 years that match the inclusion criteria from the Airlangga University dental hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia were evaluated. One researcher analysed estimated dental age (EDA) three times in a one-week time-lapse using Demirjian’s and Willems’ methods. Statistical analysis was carried out using a Paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. EDA was calculated using both Demirjian’s and Willems’ methods. Results: The mean chronological age (CA) was 10.57 ± 2.70 for males and 10.73 ± 2.84 for females. The mean difference between CA and EDA using the Demirjian and Willems methods was -0.57 ± 1.17 and 0.10 ± 0.96 for males and 0.58 ± 1.40 and 0.44 ± 0.94 for females. Conclusion: The results suggest that Willems’ method is more precise than Demirjian’s method in males and females and more suitable for children in Surabaya, Indonesia.

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