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Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 19783728     EISSN : 24429740     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry
The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) (e-ISSN:2442-9740; p-ISSN:1978-3728) is published by the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Its diciplinary focus is dental science and dental hygiene. The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) is published in English on a quarterly basis with each 50-60 page edition containing between nine and eleven scientific articles on research, study literature and case studies. Contributors to the Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) included: dental researchers, dental practitioners, lecturers, and students drawn from Indonesia and a wide range of other countries.
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Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026)" : 15 Documents clear
A comparison of tooth development between Iraqi and French Canadian children aged 4–14 years Noaman, Bushra Rashid; Al-Kubaisi, Hassan Abdulhadi; Baqal, Muhannad Dilshad; Gahetly, Muhammad Daham
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v59.i2.p108-113

Abstract

Background: Teeth development is very important in pedodontic and orthodontic practices and even in forensic dentistry. Demirjian and Goldstein Maturation Standard proved its significance in many countries around the world. Purpose: This study was a comparison of teeth development between French-Canadian children and Iraqi children using the Demirjian method. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed using 223 orthopantomograms (OPGs) for Iraqi patients aged 4-14 years (118 boys and 105 girls). The maturity standard put by Demirjian and Goldstein (1973) was used. Then the dental age (DA) for each chronological age (CA) in all age groups and compared with the Demirjian and Goldstein maturation standard for French-Canadian children. Statistical analysis used: SPSS was used. The statistical significance between Iraqi DA (IDA) and Demirjian DA (DDA) was tested at level p≤0.05 was significant. Results There was a significant underestimation in the age 4-7 years and a significant overestimation in the ages 8-11 years of Iraqi girls. While the girls aged 12-14 were the same DA as the French-Canadian children. The DA of the Iraq boys significantly precedes the ages of French-Canadian at ages 4-7 and significantly overestimated the Iraqi 9, 10, and 12 while at ages 8, 11, 13, and 14-year-old boys there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Demirjian and Goldstein Maturation Standard cannot be considered standard for Iraqi children.
Antibacterial properties of herbal denture cleanser based on Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff. leaves Kartikasari, Nadia; Sitalaksmi, Ratri Maya; Arifin, Muhammad Rafi Nurfaiz; Imani, Aurelia Della; Dahlan, Agus; Laksono, Harry; Gofur , Aisyah Rachmadani Putri
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v59.i2.p134-140

Abstract

Background: Removable partial dentures (RPDs) are one therapeutic option for tooth loss replacement. Despite its high absorption and porous qualities, acrylic resin—which is frequently used as the base material for RPDs—may encourage the growth of microorganisms and the development of plaque. Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff (G. pictum) has been commonly used in herbal medicine due to its pharmacological effects, which include immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. Purpose: This study aims to assess the antibacterial properties of an herbal denture cleanser based on G. pictum in effervescent granule against Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa). Methods: The antibacterial activity was examined using the spread plate method at different time points. The number of Aa and Pg bacteria was determined using colony-forming units (CFUs) and bactericidal ratio (BR%). The statistical analysis employed the Kruskal–Wallis and post-hoc Mann–Whitney U tests (P < 0.05). Results: The results indicate that the herbal cleanser’s antibacterial effectiveness against Aa and Pg increased significantly over time, reaching its optimal level after a 15-minute soaking period, as evidenced by the CFUs and BR%. Conclusion: The herbal denture cleanser based on G. pictum demonstrated antibacterial properties against Pg and Aa, which are significant pathogens in oral infections. These results indicate that this herbal formulation has potential as an effective alternative for future denture cleaning applications.
The effect of the Oral Health Programme (bGEMS) on the oral health knowledge and attitudes of trainee teachers in Malaysia Paiizi, Munirah; Md Bohari, Nor Faezah; Mohd Radzi, Nawwal Alwani
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v59.i2.p114-119

Abstract

Background: The Oral Health Programme for Trainee Teachers (bGEMS) is an annual collaborative program between the Malaysian Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education. It was established in 1991 to enhance the oral health awareness of trainee teachers at the Institutes of Teacher Education (ITE). Despite being operational for over 30 years, limited evidence is available documenting the impact of bGEMS on trainee teachers’ oral health knowledge and attitudes, which may contribute to improving schoolchildren’s oral health. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of bGEMS by comparing oral health knowledge and attitudes between bGEMS participants and non-participants. Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design, with trainee teachers assigned to either the intervention (121 trainees) or control (119 trainees) groups. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire comprising 20 knowledge items and 10 attitude items. The data were analyzed using independent t-tests, paired t-tests, and simple linear regression. Results: The findings revealed that the intervention group showed significant improvements in oral health knowledge (0.70 ± 2.50, p=0.002) and attitudes (0.09 ± 0.31, p=0.002) following bGEMS. Conclusion: The findings revealed that the intervention group showed significant improvements in oral health knowledge (0.70 ± 2.50, p=0.002) and attitudes (0.09 ± 0.31, p=0.002) following bGEMS.
Dental caries and quality of life among primary school children Theresia, Tiarma Talenta; Andayani, Lia Hapsari; Soulissa, Abdul Gani; Lestari, Sri
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v59.i2.p120-125

Abstract

Background: Oral health problems are still commonly found in Indonesia because there is a prevailing belief that dental issues do not cause death and, therefore, are not a priority. The prevalence of dental caries in children aged 10–14 years in Jakarta is 37.2%. Untreated dental caries can have various negative effects. Persistent pain may lead to difficulty chewing and sleep disturbances, affecting quality of life and productivity. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the impact of caries on oral health in primary school students in West Jakarta. Methods: The study was conducted in seven public primary schools in West Jakarta between March 2024 and August 2024. Oral examinations and questionnaire surveys were completed by all students from the fourth to sixth grades, with a total sample size of 869 students. In this study, caries was the dependent variable, and the independent variable was oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Data analysis involved bivariate analysis using the Spearman correlation test. Results: There is a significant relationship between dental caries and OHRQoL (p = 0.01). Questions that are statistically related to caries were mostly found in the socio-emotional well-being dimension. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a correlation between dental caries and OHRQoL, indicating that a higher number of dental caries is associated with poorer quality of life.
Assessment of apoptotic mediators in different periodontal plights: apoptosis markers in periodontal diseases Ali, Asem Mohammed Kamel; Badr, Bahaa M.; Ali, Abdullah I.; Mizer, Mohamoud A.; Abdelrahman, Ahmed M.; Ali, Asmaa Rashad; Ghorab, Abdel-Moneim M. I.; El Sherbeny, Mohammed G. M.; Althoqapy, Azza A.
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v59.i2.p126-133

Abstract

Background: Highly expressed apoptosis markers in an inflammatory condition were observed following periodontal breakdown with obscure lineaments. Purpose: This trial aimed to assess the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) level of caspase-3, -8, -9, and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) in various periodontal conditions. Methods: These investigations were conducted on 50 contributors whose conditions were classified as follows: Group 1—clinically healthy gingiva; Group 2—mild periodontitis (Stage 1, Grade A); Group 3—moderate periodontitis (Stage 2, Grade A); Group 4—severe periodontitis (Stage 3, Grade A); Group 5—very severe periodontitis (Stage 4, Grade C). Quantities of caspase-3, -8, -9, and AIF were estimated in GCF by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: In-between group dissimilarities were compared by analysis of variance. Correlations among caspase-3, -8, -9, AIF standards, and clinical periodontal variables were observed by Spearman’s rank correlation analysis. When comparing Stage 4, Grade C periodontitis with Stage 3, Grade A periodontitis, there was a statistically significant difference in all clinical variables. The caspase-3 level of 10.5 ± 3.68 ng/ml in the healthy group reached 37.5 ± 5.14 ng/ml in the periodontitis Stage 4, Grade C group; the caspase-8 level of 11.24 ± 2.59 ng/ml in the healthy group reached 32.63 ± 4.8 ng/ml in the periodontitis Stage 4, Grade C group; the caspase-9 level of 40.61 ± 14.2 ng/ml in the healthy group reached 89.47 ± 21.3 ng/ml in the periodontitis Stage 4, Grade C group; the AIF level of 207 ± 63.98 ng/ml in the healthy group reached 1,992 ± 454.5 ng/ml in the periodontitis Stage 4, Grade C group. Only caspase-9 and AIF can differentiate between periodontitis Stage 3 and periodontitis Stage 4. Conclusion: A positive correlation between apoptotic biomarkers and the progression of periodontal diseases was observed. An increased level of apoptotic factors in Stage 3, Grade A and Stage 4, Grade C periodontitis suggests an influential role of lysosomal enzymes in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.
Reinforcing three-dimensional self-reinforcing self-etch adhesive and surface conditioning in immediate dentin sealing of composite resin–dentin Andriani, Poppy; Prijanti Dwisaptarini, Ade; Fibryanto, Eko; Tjandrawinata, Rosalina; Suebnukarn, Siriwan
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v59.i2.p141-147

Abstract

Background: Exposed dentin must be sealed with a dentin bonding agent immediately after tooth preparation, described as immediate dentin sealing (IDS). The purpose of IDS is to prevent dentin contamination during temporary restorations, reduce dentin hypersensitivity, and improve bond strength. Self-etch (SE) adhesive can be easily removed during surface treatment before cementation in the IDS technique. Reinforced SE adhesive with an additional layer of flowable composite significantly increases bond strength. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effects of reinforcing one-bottle SE adhesive with a three-dimensional self-reinforcing monomer and surface conditioning with air abrasion and pumice on the bonding of composite resin to dentin in the IDS technique. Methods: Thirty-six human premolars were selected and randomly divided into three groups. Each group was divided into two sub-groups (n = 6) according to the adhesive system and surface conditioning. All samples were restored with 3 × 3 × 3 mm composite resin before being tested for shear bond strength. The data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Sidak’s multiple comparison test (p < 0.05). Results: There were significant differences between groups. Total-etch with pumice showed a higher mean value of shear bond strength than SE with air abrasion. Conclusion: The use of air abrasion in the IDS technique with SE adhesive affects the shear bond strength of dentin. Surface conditioning with air abrasion or pumice with SE adhesive showed the lowest mean values compared with SE adhesive with an additional layer of flowable composite resin.
Orthodontic retreatment of Class II, Division 1 malocclusion with microdontia using an interdisciplinary approach: A case report Yasha, Ryza; Romadhoni, Sarah Fitria; Pudyani, Pinandi Sri; Alhasyimi, Ananto Ali; Vázquez-Santos, Francisco José; Yuniva, Hasna Syifa; Ratih, Diatri Nari
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v59.i2.p193-199

Abstract

Background: Orthodontic treatment failure and unstable treatment results can lead to orthodontic retreatment. Excessive overjet, convexity, and upper and lower lip protrusion are common in Class II malocclusion. When combined with microdontia (smaller-than-average teeth), it presents unique challenges. Purpose: To describe retreatment of Class II, Division 1 malocclusion with microdontia using orthodontic and conservative approaches. Case: A 25-year-old female patient with a skeletal Class II relationship with bimaxillary retrognathism and protrusion of the lower incisors. An intraoral examination showed a Class II molar relationship on the right side, a deep overbite (5.47 mm), a large overjet (5.33 mm), multiple diastemas, and microdontia in tooth 22. Teeth #14, #24, #34, and 44 were extracted during a previous orthodontic treatment. Case management: Orthodontic retreatment was initiated with bracket placement using the edgewise technique. A multiloop archwire was installed to achieve leveling and alignment with a 0.14-inch stainless steel round archwire. Treatment involved bite opening with L loops, mesialization of teeth #11, #21, #12, and #22, retraction of the anterior segment, finishing, and root paralleling. After 22 months of orthodontic treatment, the brackets were debonded, and the patient received direct composite veneer treatment to reshape teeth #12 and #22. Post-retreatment facial evaluation showed a significant improvement in overall facial harmony. Intraoral examination showed Class I molar and canine relationships, good interdigitation, and adequate overbite (2.9 mm) and overjet (3.2 mm). Conclusion: Orthodontic retreatment of a Class II, Division 1 malocclusion with microdontia, when combined with conservative approaches, can significantly improve the patient’s facial profile and stomatognathic function.
Physiological alterations in the oral microbiome: A scoping review Ohara, Masaru; Puteri, Mega Moeharyono; Kagami, Hideaki; Kazaoka, Yoshiaki; Saskianti, Tania
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v59.i2.p178-184

Abstract

Background: The oral cavity contains more than 774 species of microorganisms, which are collectively referred to as the oral microbiome. Oral microorganisms and their hosts maintain harmonious relations to coexist. Although there are many reviews on the relationship between oral diseases and oral microbiome composition, few articles describe the timing and causes of alterations in the oral microbiome of healthy individuals, particularly those due to lifestyle changes. Purpose: This review aims to identify factors related to physiological alterations in the oral microbiome of healthy individuals due to lifestyle changes, excluding disease-associated dysbiosis. Review: A literature search was performed using PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Scientific Electronic Library Online, and Wiley online databases for the period of 2014–2024. Using the keywords ([oral microbiome change] AND [oral microbiome alteration]) AND (geographic, ethnic, culture, or lifestyle), 17 articles matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria for this study. Physiological microbiome alterations were categorized into three groups: (a) the historical change of the oral microbiome from ancient to modern lifestyles, (b) the dynamics of the oral microbiome over short periods due to current lifestyle changes, and (c) oral microbiome alterations during developmental stages. Conclusion: This review identified representative factors related to physiological alterations in the oral microbiome, including ancient–modern lifestyle changes, immigration, and childhood development. These three factors may assist physicians in distinguishing between dysbiosis and physiological change. Because time-course study designs make it easier to understand individual changes, researchers recommend utilizing longitudinal study methods.
Diamond frenotomy: A novel surgical technique for gummy smile aesthetic correction Maulidi, Shalahuddin; Wusqo, Evi Urwatul; Salsabila, Nida Hana; Krismariono, Agung
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v59.i2.p200-205

Abstract

Background: A ‘gummy’ smile, also known as excessive gingival display, is a dental condition characterized by the excessive visibility of the gums when a person smiles. This condition typically occurs when more than 3–4 mm of gum tissue is exposed, making the teeth appear shorter and affecting the smile’s aesthetic appeal. Purpose: This case report aims to explain the minimally invasive surgery technique for correcting a gummy smile using diamond frenotomy. Case: A 24-year-old woman with the chief complaint that her gingiva was visible excessively when smiling. Case management: Intraoral examination on the maxillary anterior region showed a gingival margin at the normal position, normal texture, standard color of gingiva, and normal crown size. Diamond frenotomy with a double mosquito hemostat was inserted parallel to the attached gingiva and vestibule, then incised until the two mosquito clamps met, producing the remaining frenum tissue to be excised. Following evaluation over six months, the gummy smile was observed to have been significantly reduced. Conclusion: Diamond frenotomy is an innovative surgical technique for gummy smile correction.
A case of aesthetic and functional rehabilitation for loss of posterior support Mazlan, Mohd Khairul Firdaus; Abdullah Zawawi, Nadiyah; Mohamed Kassim, Zethy Hanum
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 59 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v59.i2.p185-192

Abstract

Background: In patients with prolonged posterior edentulism, compensatory changes such as overclosure and supraeruption of the remaining teeth frequently occur, leading to disruption of the occlusal plane and posing major challenges in prosthodontic rehabilitation to achieve optimal function, aesthetics, and comfort. Purpose: This case report highlights the stepwise multidisciplinary management and techniques involved in prosthodontic rehabilitation in a case using fixed and removable prostheses, emphasizing the method of restoring vertical dimension to achieve functional occlusion. Case: A 68-year-old retired Malay male presented with complaints of defective crowns, multiple missing teeth, non-carious cervical lesions, and generalized tooth surface loss. Key findings included posterior supraeruption, uneven occlusal planes, and generalized horizontal bone loss. Diagnoses included pulp necrosis with apical periodontitis, biofilm-induced gingivitis on a reduced periodontium, and partial edentulism. Case Management: Treatment began with stabilization of the primary conditions, followed by the extraction of unrestorable teeth. The vertical dimension was then re-established using interim acrylic dentures at centric relation, allowing assessment of the patient’s adaptation. Preliminary restorative treatment included root canal therapy for non-vital teeth and placement of fiber posts. In the final restorative phase, the occlusal plane was corrected using lithium disilicate crowns, and posterior support was restored with cobalt-chromium partial dentures. Functional and aesthetic outcomes were achieved through meticulous planning and execution. Conclusion: This case highlights the successful rehabilitation of a patient with increased occlusal vertical dimension using a multidisciplinary approach. The integration of fixed and removable prostheses, along with patient compliance, ensured functional and aesthetic outcomes, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive treatment planning in prosthodontics.

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