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Public Health of Indonesia
Published by Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia
ISSN : 24771570     EISSN : 24771570     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Public Health of Indonesia is an International, peer-reviewed, and open access journal emphasizing on original research findings that are relevant for developing country perspectives including Indonesia. The journal considers publication of articles as original article, review article, short communication / brief reports, Education forum, letters to editor, case reports, etc. The journal covers population based studies, impact assessment, monitoring and evaluation, systematic review, meta-analysis, clinic-social studies etc., related to any domain and discipline of public health, specially relevant to national priorities, including ethical and social issues. Articles aligned with national health issues and policy implications are preferred.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 407 Documents
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The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Suicidal Thought in Korean Adolescents Taikyung Choi; Junghyun Kim
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): April - June
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v12i2.1841

Abstract

Background: The social changes of adolescence can cause stress in some adolescents, leading to increased rates of adolescent emotional disorders and suicide attempts, and serious public health problems such as suicide and self-harm. Existing studies on adolescent mental health have focused on the association between physical activity and depressive symptoms, but empirical studies examining the direct link with suicidal ideation are rare. Objectives: Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the independent and significant association between physical activity and suicidal ideation in Korean adolescents. Method: The sample was analyzed from the 20th (2024) Youth Health Behavior Survey of Korea. This study conducted a binary logistic regression analysis on 54.653 students from the first year of middle school to the third year of high school. Results: The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 12.7%, and suicidal ideation was found to increase with lower socioeconomic status (SES). The analysis of suicidal ideation related to physical activity revealed that the number of days of strength training performed in the past seven days was related to suicidal ideation. The odds ratio (OR) for those who performed strength training on three or more days was 1.11 (95% CI, 1.04-1.19) times higher than for those who performed it on two or fewer days. Conclusion: This study found that while general physical activity tended to be associated with lower suicidal ideation, frequent muscle-strengthening exercise was positively associated with suicidal ideation, suggesting that not all types of physical activity provide equal mental health benefits. Educational interventions should also aim to foster healthy motivation for physical activity by emphasizing self-efficacy rather than competition or appearance.
Effectiveness of The Performance Appraisal System of Functional Officials With Employee Work Targets at The Health Department of Southeast Sulawesi Province Sartini Risky; Waode Nova Noviyanti Rachman; Sri Mulyani; Lodes Hadju; Firmansyah Firmansyah
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): April - June
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v12i2.1884

Abstract

Background: The Employee Performance Objectives system represents a major reform in Indonesia’s civil service appraisal mechanism, yet its effectiveness depends on regulatory understanding, digital literacy, and evaluator competence. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the functional officials’ performance appraisal system at the Southeast Sulawesi Provincial Health Office based on input, process, and output components. Methods: A qualitative evaluative case study was conducted with eight purposively selected informants. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using NVivo through coding, categorization, and thematic interpretation. Results: The employee performance objectives system is perceived as more practical and flexible than the previous DUPAK system. However, challenges include limited understanding of new regulations, low digital literacy, inconsistent socialization, and the absence of structured performance dialogue. Monitoring features are available but not optimally used. Despite procedural weaknesses, the new system increases employee motivation and encourages better documentation, although assessment objectivity remains limited. Conclusion: The appraisal system shows progress in efficiency and alignment with regulations but still requires improvement in evaluator capacity, regulatory comprehension, monitoring, and feedback mechanisms. Strengthening digital skills and structured communication is essential for achieving a more objective and effective performance appraisal system.
Cancer Survival Under Universal Health Coverage: Evidence from Indonesia's National Health Insurance System Ambo Sakka; Ede Surya Darmawan; Dumilah Ayuningtyas; Dewi Gayatri; Syarif Rahman Hasibuan
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): April - June
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v12i2.2041

Abstract

Background: Universal health coverage (UHC) aims to ensure equitable access to quality healthcare services. Indonesia's National Health Insurance (BPJS Kesehatan), covering 248.8 million people, provides unprecedented opportunities to examine cancer survival patterns under UHC implementation. However, survival outcomes and factors influencing mortality among cancer patients within this system remain underexplored. Objective: To analyze survival outcomes and identify factors associated with mortality among cancer patients covered by Indonesia's National Health Insurance from 2017-2023. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted using BPJS Kesehatan administrative data. From a database of 2.501.251 JKN participants, 2.444 patients with cancer diagnoses (ICD-10: C00-C97) were identified. After applying eligibility criteria, 330 patients diagnosed since 2017 were eligible, with 316 patients included in final analysis after excluding incomplete data. Cox proportional hazards regression was employed to identify factors associated with survival time. Variables analyzed included comorbidity status, insurance scheme type, regional healthcare access, regional setting, age groups, and gender. Results: The analysis included 316 cancer patients with overall mortality rate of 52.8%. Female patients comprised 64.9% of the cohort, with 47.8% in the 40-59 years age group. Urban (Kota) patients represented 77.5%. Patients with documented mild complications showed significantly better survival (HR=0.360, 95% CI: 0.331-0.392, p<0.001) compared to those without complications. Severe complications also demonstrated improved survival (HR=0.482, 95% CI: 0.440-0.527, p<0.001). Insurance scheme type emerged as a critical factor, with PBI APBN patients showing 2.3-fold increased death hazard (HR=2.306, 95% CI: 2.086-2.548, p<0.001), while PBPU patients had 55% reduced hazard (HR=0.445, 95% CI: 0.412-0.479, p<0.001). Substantial regional variations were observed, with Regional 3 showing 3-fold increased death hazard (HR=2.957, 95% CI: 2.682-3.260, p<0.001). Age group 40-59 years demonstrated optimal survival (HR=0.553, 95% CI: 0.514-0.596, p<0.001). Female patients showed 26% increased death hazard (HR=1.259, 95% CI: 1.185-1.338, p<0.001), and rural (Kabupaten) patients had 54% increased survival (HR=1.535, 95% CI: 1.426-1.653, p<0.001) compared to urban patients. Conclusion: Cancer survival outcomes under Indonesia's universal health coverage system are significantly influenced by insurance scheme type, complication documentation status, regional healthcare access, urban-rural disparities, age, and gender, revealing substantial inequities within the UHC framework that require targeted policy interventions to achieve equitable cancer care.
The Relationship between Response Behaviour of Community against General Preventive Practices for Malaria Elimination, Mosquito Bite and Malaria Cases in Mimika Regency: The Study in Timika Jaya Community Health Centre Susy Tjahjani; Edelwais Thesalonica Pattikawa; Cindra Paskaria
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 3 (2026): July - September
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v12i3.1328

Abstract

Background: Malaria is targeted for elimination by 2030. Papua, which accounts for the majority of malaria cases in Indonesia, is one of the five priority regions for elimination. However, numerous challenges remain in this area. Mimika Regency is among the top five regencies in Papua with the highest malaria burden. Despite there is the implementation and promotion of malaria prevention strategy by local health authorities, the malaria cases remains high. Malaria transmission conditions vary across regions and national or provincial assessments may not capture local dynamics due to data limitations, investigating community response behaviour particularly toward mosquito bite prevention is essential. Objectives: The study investigated the community response behaviour particularly toward mosquito bite prevention which has been socialized in Mimika. Methods: This study employed an observational analytic case-control design, conducted at the Timika Jaya Community Health Centre. Participants were divided into two groups: malaria and non-malaria, with minimal 44 subjects in each group selected via consecutive sampling. Eligible participants were aged 18–59 years, fully conscious, non-pregnant, free from mental illness, and provided informed consent. Malaria diagnosis was confirmed via blood smear or rapid diagnostic test. Individuals in the control group had not experienced malaria within the past six months. Ten specific response behaviours related to mosquito bite prevention were assessed, along with an overall behaviour score. Data were analysed using the Chi-square test, continued by multivariate logistic regression analysis with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05 to determine crude and adjusted odds ratios. Results: The results showed that overall preventive behaviour was significantly associated with reduced malaria cases (p < 0.05). Other individual behaviours did not show a statistically significant effect (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that while individual actions may offer limited protection, a combination of multiple preventive behaviours can substantially reduce malaria risk. Conclusion: Enhancing community compliance with all aspects of the local malaria elimination strategy is crucial. Continued community education is also essential to ensure proper understanding and sustained participation. The existence of resistance to insecticides also needs to be considered. Keywords: community response behaviour; mosquito bite control; malaria cases; Mimika Regency Papua
The Experience of Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Hindu Women in Buleleng, Bali Luh Mertasari; Putu Irma Pratiwi; Ni Nyoman Ayu Desy Sekarini; Hesteria Friska Armynia Subratha; Aditya Prabawa; Made Suadnyani Pasek; Ni Komang Matalia Gandari; IGAA Sherlyna Prihandhani; Komang Hendra Setiawan; Luh Seri Ani
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 3 (2026): July - September
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v12i3.1402

Abstract

Background: The rate of exclusive breastfeeding in Bali Province remains at 73.2%, below the national target of 80%. The strong influence of Balinese Hindu culture, rooted in the philosophy of Tri Hita Karana and various traditional practices, shapes breastfeeding behaviors. Objectives: To explore the experiences and cultural challenges faced by Balinese Hindu mothers in achieving exclusive breastfeeding. Methods: This qualitative study employed an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) design, involving 15 participants: 10 breastfeeding mothers, 2 traditional leaders, 1 husband, and 1 mother-in-law from Buleleng and Denpasar, Bali. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. Data were analyzed using the IPA framework with computer-assisted tools. Results: Eight major themes emerged: (1) The influence of Hindu spiritual values on breastfeeding practices through the concepts of Kanda Pat, Karma Phala, and Swadarma; (2) Traditions and taboos, including the notions of sebel/reged and dietary restrictions; (3) Family dynamics involving the role of in-laws and spousal support; (4) Specific cultural challenges such as conflicts between ritual obligations and exclusive breastfeeding; (5) Adaptive strategies through negotiation and compromise; (6) Impact and reflections on the breastfeeding experience; (7) Mystical beliefs influencing practices; and (8) Special cases related to the manak salah tradition. Among the 10 mothers, 6 successfully practiced exclusive breastfeeding, while 4 faced cultural barriers. Conclusion: The exclusive breastfeeding experiences of Balinese Hindu mothers reflect the complex interplay of spiritual, traditional, social, and practical dimensions. While Hindu spiritual values provide strong motivation, certain cultural traditions pose significant challenges. Flexible interpretations of Hindu practices offer opportunities for aligning traditional beliefs with modern health knowledge. These findings underscore the importance of culturally sensitive breastfeeding promotion interventions within the Balinese Hindu community. Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding; balinese hindu culture; interpretative phenomenology; tri hita karana; kanda pat
The Effectiveness of Modified Peek-a-boo Method (Kissing, Hugging, and Macronutrient Intake) in Stunting Prevention Efforts Enny Fitriahadi; Menik Sri Daryanti; Rosmita Nuzuliana; Thuy Hong Nguyen
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 3 (2026): July - September
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v12i3.1465

Abstract

Background: The high prevalence of stunting remains a major health issue among children under five. Stunting can be caused by inadequate parenting styles and nutritional intake. Objective: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the modified peek-a-boo method in stunting prevention efforts. Method: This research employed a randomized clinical trial design. Participants consisted of 120 mothers with children aged 6–24 months at the Sleman Health Center, DIY Province, Indonesia, from June to October 2024. This method is a combination of maternal hugging and kissing parenting patterns along with local-based macronutrient intake, which functions to provide maternal affection and additional nutrition sourced from local animal protein, specifically snakehead fish (ikan gabus). Participants in the intervention group received training, mentoring, and monitoring evaluation for three days. The trial was conducted for three days with a frequency of at least three times a day, lasting 15–20 minutes per session. Stunting was measured through growth monitoring using height-for- age (HAZ) measurements in accordance with the Ministry of Health standards. HAZ calculations before and after the intervention were compared using the Wilcoxon signed- rank test. Results: The results of this study showed a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the mean HAZ scores within the intervention group (comparison before and after intervention), which indicates the effectiveness of the kissing, hugging, and macronutrient supplementation method for stunting prevention. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that toddlers provided with maternal kissing and hugging, along with additional macronutrient intake, are more effectively protected against stunting. Given that this method does not require significant time, cost, or special equipment, it is suggested as a recommendation to be promptly adopted nationally as a primary Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) in stunting prevention efforts across Indonesia.Keyword: hugging; kissing; macronutrient intake; stunting; toddlers
Analysis of the Relationship between Work Style, Psychological Stress, Coping Strategies and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Workers with Sedentary Activity Patterns Alamsyah Lukito Alamsyah; Zaim Anshari
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 3 (2026): July - September
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v12i3.1515

Abstract

Background: Sedentary work patterns have been associated with increased cardiometabolic risk, yet the role of work style in shaping metabolic health among sedentary workers remains insufficiently explored, particularly in developing countries. Objective: This study examined the association between work style and selected metabolic risk indicators among sedentary workers, while describing psychological stress and coping strategies as contextual factors. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 410 sedentary employees of a large private company in Indonesia. Work style, psychological stress (K10), and coping strategies (COPE Inventory) were assessed using validated questionnaires. Metabolic risk indicators, including cholesterol, waist circumference, blood pressure, and body composition, were measured using standardized procedures. Associations were analyzed using chi-square tests and ANOVA. Results: Work style was significantly associated with total cholesterol (p = 0.044), waist circumference (p = 0.036), blood pressure (p = 0.042), and muscle mass percentage (p = 0.032). No significant associations were observed between work style and psychological stress, coping strategies, blood glucose, uric acid, visceral fat, or fat mass. Conclusion: Work style is associated with selected metabolic risk indicators among sedentary workers. These findings highlight the importance of considering work-related behavioral patterns in workplace health promotion strategies. Keyword: Metabolic syndrome; Sedentary workers; Stress coping mechanisms
Corruption in the health sector in contexts of health crises: An exploratory analysis Julian Alberto Uribe-Gómez; Jorge Ariel Franco López; Alejandro Valencia-Arias
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 3 (2026): July - September
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v12i3.1615

Abstract

Background: Corruption in public procurement remains a systemic challenge, particularly in the health sector, where irregularities can undermine access to services and their quality. Although previous studies have examined corruption risks and anomaly detection methods, limited empirical evidence exists on how data-driven approaches can be systematically applied to identify atypical contractual patterns in developing countries using large-scale administrative data. Objective: This study aims to propose a methodological framework for identifying potential signals of corruption in the public procurement of health services in Colombia, using administrative data from the SECOP II platform. Methods: A quantitative correlational research design was employed. Data from the SECOP II public procurement platform were analyzed to examine the relationship between contract duration and contract value in medical service contracts. Exploratory analytics techniques and linear regression analysis were used to detect atypical contractual patterns across municipalities and departments. Results: The analysis identified territorial variations in contractual behavior. Three departments concentrated contracts with the highest values relative to their duration. Bogotá exhibited the most pronounced increase in awarded contract values, while the Atlántico department presented the highest volume of contracts. Regression results indicated a statistically significant positive relationship between contract duration and contract value, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.77. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate the potential of data-driven analytical approaches to identify atypical procurement patterns that may serve as warning signals for oversight bodies. The proposed framework contributes to the development of technological tools that support transparency, accountability, and evidence-based monitoring of public procurement processes in the health sector. Keywords: analytics; corruption; public procurement; health sector; anomaly detection
The Effectiveness of a Community Based Family Empowerment Model on the Role of Families in Infant and Child Feeding Annif Munjidah; Uke Maharani Dewi; Elly Dwi Masita; Hinda Novianti
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 3 (2026): July - September
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v12i3.1617

Abstract

Background: Optimal infant and young child feeding is essential for growth and development. While families play a critical role in this process, their potential contribution is often underutilized. Previous studies have attempted to address this issue; however, most have focused exclusively on mothers, overlooking the importance of broader family involvement and social support. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a community-based family empowerment model on the role of families in feeding infants and children. Method: A quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre-test–post-test approach was employed. The study population consisted of families with infants and children aged 0–24 months. Sampling was conducted using a purposive sampling technique. The independent variable was a community-based family empowerment model implemented through health cadres assistance to families for two weeks. The dependent variable was the role of the family in feeding infants and children. The study was conducted in Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia, from April to June 2025. Data were collected using a family role questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using paired t-tests and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results: There was a significant increase in knowledge scores (mean difference = 2.94; p < 0.001), attitudes (mean difference = 6.14; p < 0.001), and behavior (mean difference = 5.03; p < 0.001). The MANOVA results indicated that the model had a significant effect on all three variables simultaneously (Wilks’ Lambda = 0.273; F = 123.31; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The community-based family empowerment model was effective in enhancing the family’s role in infant and young child feeding. Active family involvement could serve as a replicable strategy in other regions to accelerate stunting reduction.
Communıty-Based “Patuh” Program Wıthın The Healthy Lıvıng Communıty Movement To Strengthen Patıent Motıvatıon In Preventıng Hypertensıon Crısıs Lembunai Tat Alberta; Dwi Utari Widyastuti; Adivtian Ragayasa
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 3 (2026): July - September
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v12i3.1636

Abstract

Background: The PATUH program, as part of the Healthy Living Community Movement, was established to support patients with hypertension in preventing hypertensive crisis through lifestyle modification. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the association between the five dimensions of the PATUH program and patient motivation in the prevention of hypertensive crisis. Method: An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 100 patients with hypertension recruited from selected community health centers in Surabaya, Indonesia. The independent variables consisted of the five PATUH dimensions: regular health checkups, managing with medication, maintaining a balanced nutritional diet, promoting physical activity, and avoiding harmful risk factors. The dependent variable was patient motivation in preventing hypertensive crisis. Data were analyzed using linear regression in SmartPLS. Results: These findings indicate that among the five dimensions of the PATUH program, only three components, regular health checkups, physical activity, and a balanced diet, significantly enhance patient motivation. Conclusion: Emphasizing regular health checkups, physical activity, and a balanced diet in community-based interventions is crucial for strengthening hypertensive crisis prevention within public health practice Keyword: PATUH program; ıncreased motivation; hypertension crisis

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