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JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Published by Universitas Negeri Malang
ISSN : 25412485     EISSN : 25412485     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Astronomy Electrical & Electronics Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) is published twice a year in April and October by Physics Department of Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia. e-ISSN: 2541-2485 The journal is devoted to publishing original, frontier and important of various branches of Physics Science and Engineering. Editors welcome scholars, researchers and practitioners of Physics around the world to submit scholarly articles to be published through this journal (free of charge).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 99 Documents
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The Utilization of Calcium in Watermelon Rind Extract for Osteoporosis Drug Agent Asiyah, Siti Nur; Prayoga, Bagus Putra; Hartatiek, Hartatiek; Ahmad, Norhayati
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 8, No 1 (2023): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um024v8i12023p001

Abstract

Calcium is one of the essential minerals for the body, especially in the elderly and pregnant women. Using natural materials containing calcium is very important, especially natural materials that are only used as waste, such as watermelon rind. Watermelon rind has a calcium of 31 mg. Therefore, it is very efficient to be used. The manufacture of this osteoporosis drug does not refer to calcium from watermelon rind extract alone. However, it is supported by other herbal ingredients such as rhizomes (ginger, curcuma, turmeric, and fingerroot). The method of extracting calcium from watermelon rind used the destruction method. After being extracted, the extraction and some mixed with the rhizomes were tested, such as calcium levels, XRF, XRD, and FTIR tests. The result of the study showed that all samples were confirmed to have calcium. High calcium content of 13.30 percent was found in the watermelon rind extract sample from watermelon fruit measuring 6 kg mixed with rhizomes. All samples' calcium level test results had a dominant value of 495 ppm.DOI: 10.17977/um024v8i12023p001
Identification of Sediment Formation Based on Magnetic Content and Element Composition of Mud Volcano in Sangiran Sediment using VSM and X-Ray Fluorescence Hapsoro, Cahyo Aji; Mariyanto, Mariyanto; Agustine, Eleonora; Iryanti, Mimin; Indriana, Rina Dwi; Rifai, Mochamad Khoirul; Ibrahim, Alpan; Budiono, Kharisma Asmarani
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 8, No 1 (2023): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um024v8il2023p009

Abstract

Based on trace geological history and several studies, the Sangiran mud volcano provides insight into the geology and hydrology of the region, aquifer system in the basin, groundwater flow patterns and characteristics, rock lithology, hydrogeology condition, and saltwater trap mapping. Related to these conditions, studies were conducted on the magnetic content and composition of the major oxide compounds in the Sangiran sediments. Sample analysis was based on geochemical methods. The methods consist of frequency dependent magnetic susceptibility and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis. Geochemical analyses using x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis have been conducted and various elemental grades have been determined. VSM results confirm that the magnetic content of Sangiran sediments is partly dominated by Fe (17.66 percent) contained in hematite (Fe2O3). At the same time, the samples of Sangiran sediment were enriched by Si, Fe, Al, Ca, Cl, Ti, and K according to XRF measurements. The samples exhibited the highest Si and Fe concentrations in samples T1 (Si is 29.48 percent and Fe is 13.66 percent) and T7 (Si is 24.95 percent and Fe is 12.01 percent). Meanwhile, in the T4 sample, the highest concentrations were Si and Ca, 23.45 percent and 13.45 percent, respectively. Retrieved from the magnetic susceptibility measurement, this paper confirm that Fe content is one of the components of volcanic ash in the Sangiran sediment.DOI: 10.17977/um024v8i12023p009
Comparison of Microphysics Schemes on WRF-HAILCAST Model to Study Hailstone in Aeronautics (Case Study: Hail Strike on AirAsia A320-200, November 16, 2018) Maulana, Muhammad Ikko Safrilda; Kristianto, Aries
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 8, No 1 (2023): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um024v8i12023p020

Abstract

A hail strike is caused by the hail phenomenon, an aviation accident caused by environmental factors. Hail is a type of extreme weather in the form of precipitation ice grains which is generally caused by cumulonimbus clouds. Research on hail modeling can be carried out using the Weather Research Forecasting Hail Forecast (WRF-HAILCAST), which can model the structure, dynamics, microphysics, hailstone distribution, and estimate the maximum diameter of the hailstone. In this study, the hail modeling that caused the hail strike on the AirAsia A320-200 aircraft on November 16, 2018, was carried out using the WRF-HAILCAST model with six different microphysics schemes. This study compares the results of the microphysics scheme on the WRF-HAILCAST model in hail modeling. The results of this study indicated that each microphysics scheme produces a different outcome. Generally, the spatial and temporal distribution of the entire scheme could indicate the presence of convective clouds reaching 40–55 dBZ. Each scheme showed the microphysical processes of clouds consisting of different hydrometeor particles. However, only MY2 and NSSL showed the presence of supercooled water, and those schemes could estimate maximum diameter hailstone worth 25.8 mm and 13.2 mm. So, NSSL is the best microphysics scheme in this study.DOI: 10.17977/um024v8i12023p020
Automatic Excitation Control Using PI Method Based on Analysis Root Locus for Synchronous Generator Ravi, Alwy Muhammad; Nugraha, Anggara Trisna
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 8, No 1 (2023): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um024v8i12023p036

Abstract

The demand for electrical energy is increasing (at 2–3 percent per year). It is necessary to utilize the energy available in nature optimally and stably to fulfill electricity needs. Synchronous generators have an essential role in fulfilling electricity needs. Maintaining and improving the operational stability of the synchronous generator is fundamental to the safe and economical operation of an electric power system. The use of control methods to increase control excitation is recognized as an economical and effective way. Previous research shows there are still areas for improvement in the excitation control method. Thus, this research focuses on optimizing the automatic excitation system using the PI control method with stability analysis using the root locus. The effect of PI control on the results of the characteristics response has Tr is 1.9 s, Ts is 6.6 s, Mp is 38.95 percent, and Ess is 11.02 percent. While the generator excitation current will increase in line with the increase in load current, and the resulting output voltage will be stable with errors that occur when compared to the nominal voltage is 10.51 percent because the sensor reading is affected by a frequency that is not following the operating frequency.DOI: 10.17977/um024v8i12023p036
Simplified Analysis of CD-ROM as an Emergency Solar Panel Alternative Setiawan, Anggoro Nur; Saefullah, Lalu
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 8, No 2 (2023): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um024v8i22023p089

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the capabilities of CD-ROM discs as solar panels, taking into consideration energy conversion efficiency and temperature effects. The research results indicate that the conversion efficiency of CD-ROM discs is relatively low, averaging around 1.9%, which is still far below conventional solar panels. This efficiency tends to be higher under high sunlight intensity and decreases at higher temperatures. The production cost of CD-ROM discs as solar panels is relatively low compared to conventional solar panels. The environmental impact of using CD-ROM discs as solar panels is also discussed. However, the use of used CD-ROM discs has the potential to reduce electronic waste. Research recommendations include efforts to improve the efficiency of CD-ROM discs, the development of cooling technologies, and a comprehensive evaluation of the environmental impacts throughout the life cycle of CD-ROM discs as solar panels. This research provides a deeper understanding of the potential use of CD-ROM discs as an alternative solar panel and the challenges that need to be addressed for its effective implementation.
Photocatalyst Activity of TiO2/CQD Nanocomposite for Degradating Pesticide Contaminants in Water Bt. Sunardi, Asrianti; Candra Kirana, Kurnia Galuh; Mufti, Nandang; Wisodo, Hari
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 8, No 2 (2023): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study investigates the effectiveness of TiO2/CQD composites on the pesticide degradation. TiO2/CQD composites has been successfully synthesized using hydrothermal methods. The samples were characterized by XRD, TEM, PL, BET, and UV-Vis. The result of XRD shows the addition of CQD does not affect the crystal phase of TiO2. The result of TEM shows that CQD are well deposited on the TiO2 surface. The particle size of the TiO2/CQD composite is getting larger after the addition of CQD compared to pure TiO2 and the average particle size distribution is about 109-114 nm. PL analysis found that the addition of CQD increased the intensity of NBE emissions while Tii decreased. The BET test result of the TiO2/CQD composite shows a surface area of 8.6710 m2/g. The pore diameter is 37.4 nm compared to pure TiO2. While the pore volume is 0.0754 cm3/g. Photocatalyst activity of TiO2/CQD against pesticides after 150 minutes of irradiation reached 89.9667%. TiO2/CQD photocatalyst has significant potential for pesticide water treatment. Further research is needed for large-scale optimization and evaluation.
The Effect of Chemical Fertilizers on The Magnetic Susceptibility Value and Soil Fertility of Paddy Soils in Surantih, Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan Maidani, Delvi Putri; Rifai, Hamdi; Dwiridal, Letmi; Mufit, Fatni
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 8, No 1 (2023): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um024v8i12023p052

Abstract

Pesisir Selatan is a district where population depends on agriculture such as lowland rice. The rice seeds used were IR66. Efforts to improve the quality of Paddy soils seeds are fertilizing with chemical fertilizers. Chemical fertilizers used are Urea, KCL and Phonska. Continuous and excessive use of fertilizers will cause a decrease in the level of soil fertility due to the reaction between fertilizer minerals and soil minerals which also affects the magnetic susceptibility value. Based on these problems, further research was carried out to see the difference in the magnetic susceptibility value of paddy soils to the use of chemical fertilizers using the rock magnetism method with magnetic susceptibility parameters. The results showed that the paddy soil before and after being planted with rice seeds using chemical fertilizers decreased and increased the value of magnetic susceptibility due to the reaction between mineral fertilizers and soil minerals and waterlogging during the cultivation process. Meanwhile, the paddy soil before and after planting rice seeds that did not use chemical fertilizers decreased the magnetic susceptibility value quite far due to the absence of other mineral additions in the paddy soil such as chemical fertilizers.
Study of Cassava Peel Biomass and Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE) as Raw Material for Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) Hudayarizka, Riza; Anifah, Eka Masrifatus; Sholikah, Umi; Ariani, Ismi Khairunnissa; Wijaya, Siti Iniz Khairunisa
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 9, No 1 (2024): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Cassava, a widely used raw material in Indonesia's food industry, amounted to 14.9 million tons in 2022. Typically, cassava peel, comprising 2-5% of the plant, is discarded in landfills or left untreated. However, recent research suggests its potential as a source of refuse-derived fuel (RDF), given its high calorific value of 4253 kcal/kg and 12.55% fixed carbon. Another potential RDF source is spent bleaching earth (SBE), a by-product of oil treatment, containing 20-40% oil. This study explores the impact of different compositions of cassava peel, SBE, and various binders on RDF characteristics. Binders like tapioca flour, durian seed, and rejected papaya were tested in ratios ranging from 70:20:10 to 90:0:10. The findings reveal that the 90:0:10 composition with rejected papaya binder yielded RDF with the highest calorific value and volatile matter content. Specifically, RDF from 90% cassava peel exhibited a calorific value of 5320 kcal/kg, fixed carbon of 13.9%, volatile matter of 80%, ash content of 5.7%, and moisture content of 0.3%. These results meet Indonesia's RDF standards, which mandate a calorific value above 3000 kcal/kg and volatile matter between 50-80%.
Significance of Torrefaction Effect on Energy Properties Palm Kernel Shell Dirgantara, Made; Karelius, Karelius; Rumbang, Nyahu
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 8, No 2 (2023): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um024v8i22023p118

Abstract

The process of torrefaction is a thermochemical process that is widely used for the conversion of biomass into renewable fuels. In this study, the significance of temperature was determined by carrying out the torrefaction process at temperatures ranging from 275 to 350 degrees Celsius with a fixed residence time of 60 minutes. To ascertain the impact of time on the process, the torrefaction procedure was conducted over a residence time of 20 to 60 minutes at 300°C. Increasing the torrefaction temperature can substantially increase the palm kernel shell's calorific value, decrease water content, decrease volatility, increase fixed carbon, especially from 275 oC to 325 oC, and decrease ash content from 275 oC to 300 oC. Increasing the torrefaction residence time can significantly increase the palm kernel shell's calorific value from 20-40 minutes, decrease ash content and volatile content, and increase fixed carbon from 20-30 minutes. The residence time did not affect the water content in torrefaction temperature at 300 oC. The statistical analysis revealed that temperature and residence time have a substantial impact on the heating value and proximate analysis.
Integrated Slope Safety Factor Analysis Using Geotechnical Bishop Method and Resistivity Method for Calculating Landslides Probabilities in Imogiri area, Special Region of Yogyakarta Fahmi, Burhanuddin; Yatini, Yatini
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 9, No 1 (2024): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Landslides potential analysis is very serious issue in disaster mitigation processes. The risk of landslide potential in a slope can be assessed through the calculation of Slope Safety Factors, involving data on soil physical properties, soil mechanics (geotechnical properties), and slope geometry. Research was conducted using a combination of resistivity and Bishop geotechnical methods. The geoelectric method was employed to determine the lithology of landslide materials and the geometry of the sliding plane. The Bishop geotechnical method was used to calculate the slope safety factor based on geoelectric data, soil mechanics data, and rock mechanics data obtained in the study area. A total of 2 geoelectric measurement profiles, each 120-150 meters long, were taken in the Imogiri region of Yogyakarta. The research results indicate that the sliding plane is located at a depth of 10 meters with clay lithology. The calculated slope safety factor using the Bishop method was performed under two conditions: saturated and unsaturated. The saturated slope safety factor has a low value, less than 1.07, while the unsaturated condition yields a higher value, greater than 1.25.

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