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JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Published by Universitas Negeri Malang
ISSN : 25412485     EISSN : 25412485     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Astronomy Electrical & Electronics Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) is published twice a year in April and October by Physics Department of Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia. e-ISSN: 2541-2485 The journal is devoted to publishing original, frontier and important of various branches of Physics Science and Engineering. Editors welcome scholars, researchers and practitioners of Physics around the world to submit scholarly articles to be published through this journal (free of charge).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 99 Documents
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Identification of Elemental Composition and Heavy Metal Content in Maninjau Lake Sediment Using X-Ray Fluorescence (MNJ 18-41B) Fajar Akmal; Hamdi Rifai; Syafriani Syafriani; Caroline Bouvet De La Maisonneuve; Jeffrey Anthony G. Oalmann; Francesca Forni; Steffen Eisele; Marcus Phua; Rizaldi Putra
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 6, No 2 (2021): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

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Abstract

Maninjau Lake is a caldera lake located in Agam, West Sumatra. This lake was formed from the volcanic activity of Mount Maninjau Purba about 60,000 years ago. The volcanic material resulting from the eruption is scattered and deposited in various places, one of which is in lake sediments. Volcanic ash contains various types of elements, including heavy metal elements. This study aims to determine the composition and content of heavy metal in the sediments of Maninjau Lake. The sample analyzed was MNJ 18-41B with a core length of 440 mm, focusing on specimens 148 mm and 376 mm. The selection is a specimen based on the magnetic susceptibility value obtained from the measurement meter susceptibility of the MS2E. Specimen 148 has a value susceptibility low of 2.1 × 10-8 m3/kg, while the 376 specimens have the highest value of susceptibility, the highest 141 × 10-8 m3/kg. The content of sediment elements was determined using the results of X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) measurements. The measurement results showed that the mineral-forming elements in the sediments of Lake Maninjau were dominated by Si, Fe, Rh, and Zr. In contrast, the highest heavy metal elements are Mn, Fe, Sr, and Rh. Based on the elemental composition and mineral oxide compounds in the sediments of Lake Maninjau derived from volcanic ash.DOI: 10.17977/um024v6i22021p068
Study of the Structure of MnxFe3-xO4-Poly(m-Aminobenzene Sulfonic Acid) Composites Based on Natural Sand Andy Choerullah; Sunaryono Sunaryono; Arif Hidayat; Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 7, No 1 (2022): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

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Abstract

MnxFe3-xO4-Poly(m-ABS) nanocomposite has been successfully synthesized by in-situ polymerization. In the formation of MnxFe3-xO4-Poly(m-ABS) nanocomposites, FeCl synthesized from iron sand acts as an oxidant and m-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (m-ABS) as a monomer. Structural characterization has been successfully carried out using XRD, FTIR, and SEM. XRD test results show that the MnxFe3-xO4-Poly(m-ABS) nanocomposite has a particle size of about 10.62 nm. The appearance of peaks (111) and (620) with low intensity indicated the presence of poly(m-ABS). This low intensity was probably caused by the amorphous character of polyaniline and its derivatives. The FTIR results show the appearance of asymmetrical and symmetrical S=O strains, S-O, and C-S strains are the main characteristics of poly(m-ABS) which indicate the success of monomer polymerization. The results of the SEM test show that circular shapes dominate the particles with varying sizes with an average size of 42 nm. This result is different from the XRD results because SEM can only measure the surface of the particles, so the resulting size tends to be larger. Based on the study of the structure obtained shows that the MnxFe3-xO4-Poly(m-ABS) nanocomposite has the potential to be applied to energy conversion devices.DOI: 10.17977/um024v7i12022p016
Design A Battery Charger with Arduino Uno-Based for A Wind Energy Power Plant Anggara Trisna Nugraha; Dadang Priyambodo; Sryang Tera Sarena
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 7, No 1 (2022): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

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Abstract

In 2019, fossil energy produced more than 88% of Indonesia's electrical energy. For this reason, innovation in supplying electrical energy via renewable energy is required. One of them is wind energy with a potential of 60.6 GW, which has only been utilized at 0.15 GW or only 0.25% of the existing potential. One of the essential components in this power plant is the battery. The process of charging the battery that is not suitable can cause a decrease in battery performance. Therefore, a battery charger is built that uses a buck converter to lower the voltage while employing PI control to regulate the output voltage. From system testing, it is found that the output voltage of the charge controller is stable, where the most significant error value from the output voltage value is 0.972%. The average output current from the buck converter test using the PI approach is 16.84 mA, while the average input current is 15.73 mA. As a result, this charge controller can improve the battery charger's charging efficiency and hence lengthen the battery's lifetime.DOI: 10.17977/um024v7i12022p023
Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) vs Newtonian Dynamics: The Simple Test to Solve the Constant Speed of Galaxy Rotation Huda Nasrulloh
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 7, No 1 (2022): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

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Abstract

The rotation curve of galaxies for M33 in 1959 by Louise Volders gave the new hypothetical about the invisible matter that contributes inside of the galaxy, which later we call dark matter (DM). However, recently the theory about DM is still incomplete to understand this matter. This situation makes some scientists look for alternative ways such as f(R) gravity and conformal gravity theory. We have studied Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) and Newtonian Dynamics (ND). We try to show the simple model that aims to give an analysis that MOND can correct to solve the constant speed of galaxy rotation. For simplicity, we consider the value of α = 1. The graph shows that the MOND model has a constant speed of 100 kilometres per second. While for the ND model, the speed will decrease for radius goes to infinity because the speed is dependent on r. Based on this result, we obtain that MOND can show the constant speed of galaxy rotation than ND. This result can conclude that MOND can solve the rotation curve of the galaxy.DOI: 10.17977/um024v7i12022p001
Green Synthesis AgNPs Immobilized to Whatman Paper Using Chromolaena odorata Extract and Its Application as Photocatalyst Kiki Firanita; Syamsul Hidayat; Fadhli Dzil Ikram; Syamsul Bahtiar; Emsal Yanuar
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 7, No 1 (2022): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

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Abstract

Synthesis and immobilization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to Whatman paper carried out using Cromolaena odorata extract irradiated by sunlight. The UV-Vis shows silver nanoparticles successfully formed from AgNO3 1 mM, 2 mM, and 3 mM with the absorption peaks at 455 nm, 452 nm, and 451 nm, respectively. The SEM shows AgNPs are spherical with an average particle size are 60.45 nm, 63.19 nm, and 68.42 nm, respectively. The EDX spectrum shows the composition of silver immobilized to Whatman paper increase with increasing concentration of 10.14Wt%, 64.48Wt%, and 70.48 Wt%, respectively. AgNPs/Whatman paper has a cubic crystal structure, space group Fm-3m, lattice parameter (a) 4.0862 Ǻ and crystal size of 42.94 nm. FTIR reach peaks at 520.78 cm-1 and 1,059 cm-1 explains the vibration of the Ag-O bonds indicated the formation of AgNPs. Furthermore, the photocatalyst ability for dye degradation was evaluated using methylene blue 10 ppm under sunlight for 6 hours. The result shows a changed colour to fade and decreases the absorbance ability of methylene blue. Therefore, it can be concluded that green synthesis and immobilization of AgNPs/Whatman paper have a potential to be applied as photocatalyst materials for dye degradation.DOI: 10.17977/um024v7i12022p006
Effect of Fibre Volume Fraction and Sodium Hydroxide Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Palm Fibre/Unsaturated Polyester Composite Tri Partuti; Umar Hamzah Fariyan; Yanyan Dwiyanti; Adhitya Trenggono; Erlina Yustanti
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 7, No 1 (2022): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

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Abstract

Wood has some weaknesses, such as susceptibility to weathering, easily attacked by termites, and low water resistance. An alternative material such as Natural Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (NFRP) composite should overcome those weaknesses. This research aims to make a composite with palm fibre and unsaturated polyester resin. Palm fibres immerse for 2 hours in NaOH solution with varying concentrations of 3%, 5%, and 7%. The volume fraction of palm fibre are 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Woven roving fibreglass was added to compare the tensile strength of composite with or without natural fibre. The density of composites increased with the increase of fibre volume fraction. The highest tensile strength was obtained for 15% of fibre volume fraction, namely 23.8483 MPa. In contrast, the highest compressive strength was obtained for 5% of fibre volume fraction, namely 94.76 MPa. NaOH removed the impurities and waxy substances from the fibre surface and created a rougher surface topography after alkalization. The highest tensile strength was obtained with 7% NaOH, namely 14.674 MPa. The highest water absorption value was obtained at 3% NaOH concentration and 15% of fibre volume fraction, namely 1.445%. The addition of woven roving as reinforcement to natural fibre composite can increase tensile strength by 210%, from 13.882 MPa to 43.123 MPa.DOI: 10.17977/um024v7i12022p039
Grecoli Candy from Grape and Broccoli to Boost the Body's Immune System in the Middle of the COVID-19 Pandemic Fadhil Fathurochman; Hartatiek Hartatiek; Nadya Eka Agustin Ermalita; Lintang Miftahul Rizki; Norhayati Ahmad
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 7, No 1 (2022): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

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Abstract

Grapes and broccoli have been scientifically proven to have high antioxidant content to increase the body's immune power compared to other fruits or vegetables. An immunomodulator is a compound that can regulate the activity and function of the immune system. The purpose of this study was to find out how to improve the body's immune system amid the COVID-19 pandemic and also to find out how to make food practically consumed to help increase the body's immunity during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, grapes and broccoli were extracted and then boiled at a temperature of ±85–100℃, then mixed with several ingredients, including sucrose, glucose, citric acid, gelatin, and flavourings. The antioxidant test was carried out using the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) method. After obtaining the antioxidant value, a spectrophotometric test was carried out to determine the maximum wavelength and absorbance value obtained. For the first sample, the results were 22.88 mmAAE/mL extract. In contrast, the second sample obtained results of 25.01mmAAE/mL extract.DOI: 10.17977/um024v7i12022p046
Investigation of Structures, Vibrational Spectra, and Morphological Characteristics of Undoped and Cobalt-doped Ni-Zn Ferrite Joko Utomo; Robi Kurniawan; Muhammad Reyza Arief Taqwa; Bakhrul Rizky Kurniawan; Nur Elma Ayu Wahyuni; Adulsman Sukkaew
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 7, No 1 (2022): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

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Abstract

Undoped and Co-doped Nickel Zinc ferrite (NiZnFe2O4) have been successfully prepared using the coprecipitation method with the further annealing treatment at 600 ºC. The structure, image, and vibrational spectra of the materials were investigated respectively by XRD, TEM, and FTIR characterizations. Based on XRD characterization results, both undoped and Co-doped Ni – Zn ferrite possesses a single-phase formation, namely spinel structure without any impurities from other phases. The lattice parameters of Co-doped Ni – Zn ferrite is 8.419 nm which is higher than undoped Ni – Zn ferrite (8.409 nm). Meanwhile, the average particle size obtained based on the results of the TEM characterization is 14.4 nm with slight agglomeration. The results of FTIR characterization on all samples provide information on the presence of metal ion vibrations at frequency bands about 493.78 cm-1 located at the tetrahedral and 514.99 cm-1 occupied at octahedral sites. Those frequency ranges confirmed that both samples have spinel structures.DOI: 10.17977/um024v7i12022p051
The effect of Basic Oxygen Furnace, Blast Furnace, and Kanbara Reactor Slag as Reinforcement to Cement Based Mortar Andrie Harmaji; Andri Hardiansyah; Neneng Annisa Widianingsih; Rodulotum Minriyadlil Jannah; Syoni Soepriyanto
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 7, No 1 (2022): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

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Abstract

Slag is a waste from steelmaking industries that was released into the environment. Slag was used as reinforced material in mortar. Different types of slag, including Air Cooled Slag (ACS), Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS), Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag (BOFS), and Kanbara Reactor Slag (KRS), were used as a reinforcing material in this study. The composition of slag in the mixture on mortar was 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. The sample was made with a water-cement ratio (w/c) of 0.35, with the ratio of sand and cement being 1:1.5, respectively. Treatment of mortar sample at ambient temperature was applied. The mortar samples were left to cure until 3, 7, and 28 days, which performed a compression test. The results show that adding slag to the mortar enhanced the compressive strength of the pristine mortar. The highest strength was obtained by adding 10% slag at 28 days. The compressive strength of GBFS, BOFS, KRS, and ACS was 23.76 MPa, 23.28 MPa, 19.68 MPa and 17.48 MPa, respectively. Based on the XRD result, it was discovered that the mixture has more Calcium Silicate Hydrate Peak than Pristine mortar.DOI: 10.17977/um024v7i12022p056
Investigation of Optical Properties and Electronic Transfer of Temperature-Dependent ZnO Nanocolumnars Grown by DC Sputtering Robi Kurniawan; Intan Salsabila Mauludina Sari; Isnaini Yulianingtyas; Joyuhan Putra Setyawan; Ibrahim Nur Afrizal Dahlan M.; Resti Marlina; Joko Suwardy
JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Vol 7, No 2 (2022): JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

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Abstract

The morphology of zinc oxide (ZnO) can determine the distribution of defects in the system, which plays an important role in determining its optical and electronic properties. Here, we investigate the optical and electronic transfer properties of different ZnO surface morphologies. ZnO nanocolumnar was synthesized by direct-current (DC) sputtering followed by annealing using a ratio of T/Tm are 0.15, 0.20, and 0.25. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that an increase in annealing temperature causes an increase in crystal size accompanied by a decrease in lattice strain. Furthermore, the surface morphology of the sample changed with increasing annealing temperature treatment, following the structural zone model. The optical and electronic transfer properties of the samples were investigated in three regions; region 1 (T/Tm is 0.15), region 2 (T/Tm is 0.20), and region 3 (T/Tm is 0.25) using optical modeling. The highest surface electronic transfer was noted in region 2, which is indicated by the highest surface energy loss function (SELF). This research can provide a good understanding in designing optoelectronic systems based on their morphological features.DOI: 10.17977/um024v7i22022p086

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