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Keberlanjutan dan Dampak Jangka Panjang Operasi Perikanan Intensif di Tempat Pemijahan Ikan Baronang (Siganus canalicullat) di Pulau Papagaran-Taman Nasional Komodo Sudaryanto Sudaryanto; Herdis Herdiansyah
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 12 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Papagaran merupakan pulau yang terletak di dalam kawasan Taman Nasional Komodo dihuni oleh lebih dari 280 kepala keluarga nelayan. Mata pencaharian utama adalah perikanan Siganus canaliculatus dengan dua cara menggunakan bahan beracun tuba, dan mengambil manfaat dari keberadaan tempat pemijahan secara berkelompok di dekat zona pemanfaatan pesisir. Para nelayan mengamati terjadi tren penurunan jumlah tangkapan ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan penyebab turunnya jumlah tangkapan ikan di perairan laut Pulau Papagaran, dan juga menentukan pilihan kebijakan untuk mewujudkan konservasi area pemijahan ikan beronang. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian campuran kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Metode kuantitatif menggunakan metode survei terhadap penduduk desa terkait kegiatan penangkapan ikan. Pendekatan kualitatif dilakukan untuk mengetahui sejarah dan kemungkinan penyebab turunnya jumlah tangkapan ikan berdasarkan observasi dan wawancara mendalam.Opsi kebijakan konservasi yang diperlukan dalam upaya memperbaiki kondisi tangkapan ikan di wilayah Papagarandilakukan dengan penghitungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ikan ditangkap sebelum bertelur. Hasil perhitungan AHP diperoleh hasil upaya konservasi pemijahan ikan beronang dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan aspek keberlanjutan (67,16%), sosial budaya (26,54%), dan ekonomi (6,29%). Hasil perhitungan AHP terhadap pilihan alternatif berturut-turut adalah pembentukan reservat (64,64%), pengaturan waktu penangkapan ikan (25,54%) dan penggantian metode penangkapan ikan (9,82%).

ANALISIS PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP HASIL AIR DI DAS CISADANE HULU Nilda Nilda; I Wayan Sandi Adnyana; I Nyoman Merit
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 9 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Air merupakan salah satu kebutuhan dasar yang sangat penting bagi manusia. Terdapat beberapa faktor utama penyebab perubahan sumber daya air, diantaranya adalah perubahan penutupandan pengelolaan lahan yang meningkatkan kekedapan lahan.Salah satu tujuan pengelolaan DAS adalah mencapai kondisi tata air optimal yang dapat dikenali dari sifat aliran sungai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui distribusi perubahan penggunaan lahan yang terjadi di wilayah DAS Cisadane Hulu dari tahun 2003 sampai 2010; (2) mengetahui perubahan hasil air akibat distribusi perubahan penggunaan lahan. Daerah kajian penelitian adalah DAS Cisadane Hulu dengan luasan sekitar 22.288,01 ha. Penelitian dilakukan melalui dua tahap yaitu analisis perubahan penggnaan lahan dan prediksi aliran dengan model HEC-HMS. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan peta pengunaan lahan dari BIG (Badan Informasi Geospasial) tahun 2003 dan Peta Penggunaan Lahan tahun 2010 hasil interpretasi Citra ALOS. Selanjutnya kedua peta tersebut dianalisis dengan metoda tabel silang (cross tabel) untuk memperoleh data perubahan penggunaan lahan dari setiap kelas penggunaannya. Kedua data series penggunaan lahan ini digunakan sebagai input pada model prediksi debit aliran HEC-HMS. Selanjutnya dibangun juga skenario-skenario untuk melihat dampak perubahan lahan terhadap debit aliran di DAS Cisadane Hulu. Metode bilangan kurva (SCS-CN) dipilih untuk menghitung besar curah hujan efektif, yaitu dari pengurangan curah hujan bruto dengan berbagai bentuk kehilangan air (loss). Transformasi dari curah hujan efektif menjadi hidrograf aliran langsung (direct runoff) diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode hidrograf satuan SCS Curve Number. Selama kurun waktu 2003 – 2010 terjadi perubahan penggunaan lahan di DAS Cisadane Hulu. Luas Hutan bertambah 223,78 ha, pemukiman 214,78 ha, rumput/tanah kosong 85, 73 ha, dan gedung 12, 64 ha. Terjadi penguarangan luas semak belukar 225,64 ha, tegalan/ladang 145,92 ha, sawah irigasi 124, 92 ha, sawah tadah hujan 30,67 ha, dan kebun/perkebunan 9,92 ha. Hasil dari simulasi dengan menggunakan peta penggunaan lahan tahun 2010 didapatkan nilai debit puncak (Qp) sebesar 81.73 m3/detik. Nilai volume puncak (Vp) sebesar 2,310.7 mm dan Waktu Puncak (Tp) pada hidrograf aliran yang dihasilkan model terjadi pada tanggal 26 Maret 2010. Secara umum terjadi peningkatan debit puncak antara penggunaan lahan tahun 2003 dengan 2010. dari 81.22 m³/detik menjadi 81.73 m³/detik. Naiknya debit puncak disebabkan meningkatnya aliran permukaan akibat perkembangan pemukiman di DAS.Hal ini terlihat dengan meningkatnya nilai CN rata-rata dari 38.5 menjadi 39.4.Pada simulasi dengan penggunaan lahan tahun 2010 didapatkan hasil airsebesar 2.310,7 mm/tahun.Nilai ini lebih kecil dari simulasi dengan penggunaan lahan tahun 2003 yaitu 2.320,1 mm/tahun. Salah satu penyebab berkurangnya hasil air dapat dikarenakan penguapan yang meningkat akibat bertambahnya luasan hutan. (banyaknya pemanfaat air tanah disekitar DAS tersebut, baik legal maupun ilegal).

HUBUNGAN SANITASI RUMAH DENGAN KEJADIAN PENYAKIT TUBERKULOSIS (TB) DI KECAMATAN KUTA I Made Mudana; Nyoman Adiputra; I.B.G. Pujaastawa
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 11 No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

RELATIONSHIP HOUSING SANITATION WITH TUBERCULOSIS DISEASES (TB) INCIDENCE IN KUTA DISTRICTOne of the endemic infectious diseases occured in the community is tuberculosis (TB). The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated about one third of the world's population has been infected by the bacteria mycobacterium tuberculosis. Badung regency as one of the districts in the province of Bali also having cases of tuberculosis. From the report Badung Health Agency in 2015 was recorded 275 TB patients. From 6 districts in Badung district, subdistrict of Kuta occupy the highest number of cases recorded 100 patients. tuberculosis is closely related to homes sanitation that do not meet health requirements. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of home sanitation with disease incidence of tuberculosis in the district of Kuta. Based on the type of research is observational analytic, design research is a case control studies linking ie risk factors. (Home sanitation) with TB disease events, by comparing the case group and the control group. The population in this study are patients with TB BTA (+) were treated working area Puskesmas Kuta I and Puskesmas Kuta II sanitation as well as his home. The number of samples in this study was 60 consisting of the case group and the control group. How sampling is the total population of TB patients in the last 3 months of 2015 as well as sanitary home. Data collected from interviews, observations and measurements and then analyzed using chi square and followed by multiple logistic regression test. From the statistic test bivariate home sanitation with tuberculosis disease incidence 6 variables showed that: (1) lighting p = 0,00 (p< 0,05) OR = 21, (2) humidity p = 0,00 (p< 0,05) OR = 21,36 , (3) ventilation p = 0,00 (p< 0,05)OR = 11, (4) the walls of the house p = 0,00 (p< 0,05) OR = 8,64, (5) density residential home p = 0,00 (p<0,05) OR = 16,43 and (6) house floor p = 0,22 (p>0,05) OR = 2,143. To determine the relationship of all independent variables simultaneously multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression test. Based on the results obtained that there are three independent variables significantly related (p<0,05) with the dependent variable is the humidity (OR = 19,158, 95% CI 3,171 –115,751), ventilation (OR = 6,408, 95% CI = 1,199 to 34,236), residential density (OR = 13,342, 95% CI = 2,261 – 78,733). Probability of people who occupy the house with sanitation (Humidity, Ventilation and Residential density) in the district of Kuta to contract tuberculosis (TB) is 97,08%. Based on these results, we can conclude that from the test bivariate (6 variables) are: lighting, humidity, ventilation, walls of houses, residential density and house floor associated with the incidence of tuberculosis in the district of Kuta. While the advice may be given to: (1). people who live in the district of Kuta in order to build or occupy a dwelling house to take into account the standard of sanitation and healthy home. (2). Government / agencies in order to provide guidance to the public in order to build houses of spatial attention and care homes that meet health requirements so that people who lived in the house to feel safe, comfortable, and avoid the disease especially those stemming from poor sanitation home.

IDENTIFIKASI SUMBER PENCEMAR DAN ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR TUKAD YEH SUNGI DI KABUPATEN TABANAN DENGAN METODE INDEKS PENCEMARAN Ni Made Setiari; M.S. Mahendra; I Wayan Budiarsa Suyasa
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 7 No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Based on the data of Environmental Status of Bali Province Year 2009, Sungi River is the one of ten rivers that have experience quality degradation which contaminated by waste. Pollution parameters that have exc.eeded the quality standard, are: BOD, COD, Total Phosphate, Total Coliform, and Faecal Coliform. It requires to concerned because Sungi River as the point area for drinking water in Tabanan (data of Environmental Board of Bali Province). Purpose of research is to determine the characteristic of pollution source which will be impact to the changing of water quality in physical, chemical, and biological in middle and down stream area, detern1ine the pollution index in up stream, middle. and dow stream area of Sungi River. Water parameters that will observe are: temperature, pH, turbidity, TDS, TSS, DHL, DO, BOD, COD, Total Phosphate, Total Coliform and Faecal Coliform. The measurement result will compare with the best of water quality, based on the Regulation of Bali Governor Number 8 Year 2007, because of it utilization as drinking water. Result of research shown that the activity in Sungi River dominated by agriculture activity, settlement, animal husbandry, and industry that located in dov.n stream area. The waste that result from the above activities caused the degradation of water quality that shown by the increasing of water parameter indicators, such as: BOD, COD, Total Phosphate, and Faecal Coliform Bacteria. In the middle will increasing and down stream area will get degradation. This condition is inversely proportional to the content of DO as impact of contaminants accumulation, such as: organic waste in middle are, because the water movement is more calm with average water flow is 0,14 m/second compared with the up and down stream area with average water flow are 0,15 m/second and 0,35 m/second. Characteristic of pollution source which effect the water quality at Sungi River in area I caused by llie activities of agriculture, animal husbandry, settlement, and industry, for area II caused by the activities of agriculture, animal husbandry, settlement, and villa. The quality staLus of Sungi Rlver in up stream area still result a good quality water but in the middle and down stream area are get lightly pollution. Water quality parameter which exceeded a good water quality in Sw1gi Rive,· is Total Phosphate with average value is 0,44 mg/I in the middle area, 0,40 mg/l in down stream area and Faecal Coliform with average value is 166/100 ml in the middle area and 152/100 ml in the down stream area.

STUDY OF TOTAL SUSPENDED MATTER DISTRIBUTION USING SATELLITE DATA AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION IN PORONG SIDOARJO, EAST JAVA Herman -; Takahiro Osawa; I W Arthana
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 5 No 1
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Sedimentation is one of coastal dynamic processes. Sedimentation in the mud volcano of Porong at Sidoarjo is an important phenomena to be known as a reference to find out a good solution in the tragedy of mud volcano eruption. Observation of the sedimentation process in the mud volcano eruption of Porong Sidoarjo needs in situ data and data processing technique to know of more details about sedimentation process and the main cause of the sedimentation and the large mud volcano eruption. Therefore, studying of sedimentation process needs the quick timing and high accuracy method. One of the technique which can be used is remote sensing method compared with numerical model and in situ data oservation. Study area is in the Regency of Porong Sidoarjo Province of East Java on August 2008 in position of 7°30’ S - 7°40’ S and 112° 30’ E - 113°30’ E. The aim of this study is to know the pattern of TSM distribution from satellite image using the algorithm which was introduced by Zhou and Kutser. The pattern of TSM from the Landsat and Modis satellite images show that the TSM distribution from the porong river, will then accumulate to the estuary. But, the concentration will decrease in the area that is far from the estuary. This is caused by the influence of the tide current in the Madura strait.From the simulation model was shown that the sediment distribution is influenced by pattern of current generated by tide. High tide where the current move to the upstream sediment in the porong estuary, the sediment was then accumulated in the estuary area. However, at low tide where the current move to the downstream, sediment transportation will move out from the estuary at the maximum level. The pattern of current shows that the moving is to the south direction in the porong coastal that will cause the sediment concentration that out from the porong estuary willgo to to the south direction. The water flow in front of the mouth of porong estuary maybe one of the cause why the sediment distribution tend to move to the south direction.

PEMANFAATAN BIOSISTEM TANAMAN UNTUK MENURUNKAN KADAR FENOL, AMONIA, ION KLORIDA, DAN COD DARI PROSES BIODEGRADASI AIR LIMBAH YANG MENGANDUNG RHODAMIN B Sri Dian Meita Sari; Wayan Budiarsa Suyasa; I Gede Mahardika
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 10 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

The biodegradatio nof Rhodamine B may not be directly result in CO2 and H2O, rather other pollutans such asphenol, ammonia, and chloride ions. The objective of this research are to determine the effectivity of thebiosys templants indegradating Rhodamine B and the capability to reducethe contents of phenol, ammonia, chloride ionsand COD.Concentration artificial waste Rhodamine B that used in this research are 1 mg/L. Seeding sediment using microorganism selected from dyeingwaste disposallocated in the village Pemogan, South Denpasar than disseminated into a bath biosystem in which hadgiven thesand, pebbles and Ipomeacarssicaulis. Furthermore artificial waste Rhodamine B poured into the biosystem and waste waterwere analyzed with the time rangeevery 6 hours from 0 until 48 hours.The results of the capability treatment system showed that the biosystems of plants was capable to reduce optimals levels of Phenol from 24 to 30 hours of processing amounted to 0.2906 mg / L, Ammonia from 24 to 36 hours of processing amounted to 0.1452 mg / L, Ion Klorida and COD from 18 to 30 hours of processing amounted to 2.127 mg / L and 3.848 mg / L. Biosystems plant is effective to lowering levels of phenol and ammonia (above 50%), but less effective in lowering levels of Chloride Ion and COD.

EFEKTIVITAS SISTEM BIOFILTER AEROB DALAM MENURUNKAN KADAR AMONIA PADA AIR LIMBAH Ni Made Indra Wahyuni; I Wayan Budiarsa Suyasa; I Gede Mahardika
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 8 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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The increasingpopulationand activity of the Balinese people can increase the amount of waste as a byproduct of community activities. The presence of the metabolites in wastewater as ammonia is toxic to aquatic organisms. Application aerobic biofilter system can be used as an attempt to reduce levels of ammonia. In the aerobic biofilter, contact between the gravel media with microorganisms that form biofilmsare able to accelerate the degradation of organic matter and nitrification processes. The aims of this research are to determine the best consortium of activated sludge to reduce ammonia levels by aerobic biofilter system and to determine the effectivity of aerobic biofilter system. The first stage of this research were seeding of activated sludge from three sources are Wastewater Treatment Plan (WWTP) of Suwung Denpasar, WWTP of Wangaya Hospital and WWTP of Bali Tourism Development Corporation (BTDC) Nusa Dua Bali, for six days. This research was done by measuring Volatile Suspended Solid (VSS) value that showed the growth rate of biomass in activated sludge. The second stage wereapplication of activated sludges and control in aerobic biofilter to reduce ammonia levels, for five days. This study used a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and three repetitions. The results showed that the best activated sludge obtained from WWTP of Suwung Denpasar indicated by the highest biomass growth (VSS value) of 2396.6 mg/L and was able to reduce ammonia up to 0.78 mg/ L. The effectivity of aerobic biofilter system with activated sludge from WWTP of Suwung Denpasar achieve effectivity of treatment process up to 92.20 % and have been able to pass the effectivity of quality standards (90%) during five days of processing. The effectivity levels was the highest compared to control and activated sludgetreatments.

KAJIAN ETIKA LINGKUNGAN KEPESISIRAN TUBAN BERDASARKAN NILAI WILAYAH KEPESISIRAN Dini Atikawati; Totok Gunawan; Sunarto Sunarto
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 13 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Tuban coastal area is very rich in natural resources and environmental services. Along the coastal area there are many infrastructures and activity centers. Various forms of existing activities and uses have negative impact, so Tuban coastal area is vulnerable to environmental damage. Prevention efforts that can be done are through the study of environmental ethics. This research aims to study the value of Tuban coastal area, assess the environmental ethics of community in Tuban coastal area, and formulate the coastal environmental ethics of Tuban based on coastal area values. The data were collected from observation, field portraits, and interviews. Then the data were analysed by scoring and descriptive. The results showed that the highest coastal area values in Karangagung, Panyuran, Sukolilo and Kutorejo is economic value. The highest environmental ethics values is in Kutorejo, while the lowest is in Karangagung. Coastal environmental ethics of Tuban are formulated based on eleven coastal area values ??that contain of behaviors that should be carried out by coastal communities so that the sustainability of Tuban coastal area can be maintained. Keywords: environmental ethics; coastal area values; management, attitudes; coastal area

TINGKAT KANDUNGAN UNSUR RADIOAKTIF AIR SUNGAI AYUNG DI DENPASAR BALI Dewa Nyoman Alit Ardana; I Wayan Budiarsa Suyasa; I Ketut Sundra
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 3 No 1
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Ayung river is one of the longest rivers in Bali. The upstream of the river is in regency of Bangli, Badung, Buleleng, Tabananand downstream is located in Padang Galak beach, East Denpasar Sub-regency. As the sample of the study, the water of the river wastaken from the stream entering the city of Denpasar. The sample was taken in five different points and for each point was taken twice. Thefirst was taken at 5 p.m, and the second was at 6 a.m. This study aims at finding out the rate of radioactive content of Ayung river water inthe city of Denpasar.The water sample was analyzed in Radiometry Analysis Group of Radiation Physics and environmental research centre andNuclear Technique Development, Jalan Taman Sari 71 Bandung – 40132. The process of counting was conducted in this place in order toknow the rate of the element activities and then identification of elements contens in the sample. The result of the counting and identifyingwas compered with standard grade of radioactivity in the area.The element of identification result and the amount of activity rate found showed that the element were natural radioactiveelements, the content: 40K (Kalium-40), 234Th (Thorium-234), 233Th (Thorium-233), 228Ac (Actinium-288), 114mIn (Indium-114m). Thehighest activity of radioactive elements in each sample point: in E2 point content element 40K with the activity 2.08 Bq/lt, in point A1 234Thwith the activity 16.34 Bq/lt, in point E1 containts 233Th with activity 598.29 Bq/lt, in point E1 and E2 contain 228Ac with the activity939.63 Bq/lt. The height of activity value of the counting and identifying elements was still under the rate of the highest level.The result of the study showed that radioactive elements 40K had the tendency of increasing radioactivity. The same thinghappened to 233Th at the peak of energi 185.00 keV. The content of its radioactive tends to exist in each point of sample point and theactivity tends to increase. Though the rate of radioactivity content was still under the highest permitted level (1x104 Bq/lt for 40K and7x102 for 233Th) bu the case needs to be watched out that the dangerus grade pollution would take place.

ANALISIS KUALITAS FISIKA PERAIRAN BERDASARKAN NILAI PADATAN TERSUSPENSI DAN KEKERUHAN PERAIRAN DI BENDUNGAN TELAGA TUNJUNG DESA TIMPAG, KECAMATAN KERAMBITAN, KABUPATEN TABANAN – BALI Dewa Gde Tri Bodhi Saputra; I Wayan Arthana; Made Ayu Pratiwi
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 10 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Telaga Tunjung reservoir has a function for irrigation for around 1.335 Ha irrigation land. Beside, also for supplying clean water to the household in 6 village in Selemadeg District, 2 village in Kerambitan District and 1 village in Tabanan District. The clean water also used in Soka tourism area and in Berembeng village. Telaga Tunjung reservoir also used for water resources conservation. This research aim to know total suspended solid at Telaga Tunjung reservoir as a reference for reservoir management. The method of this research were survey method and laboratory analyzing. The results of TSS in Telaga Tunjung reservoir were 2.667-91.278 mg/L. The lowest value of TSS was in January and the highest in February. The condition of TSS was in January (no rain). The difference between inlet and outlet was 19.051 mg/L or 61,22 %. In the downstream of reservoir, the TSS was getting lower. In February the differences between inlet and outlet was 53.315 mg/L or 140,43 %. The TSS at inlet, upstream and outlet in February increased significantly compared that in January and March. In February there was some location that exceed the second class water standard of central Government Regulation Number 82 in 2001 and Bali’s Governor Regulation number 8 in 2007.

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Bali

INDONESIA