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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 22526951     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 830 Documents
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Pengaruh Jenis Solubility Promotor dan Waktu Reaksi pada Sintesis α-Terpineol dari Minyak Terpentin menggunakan Katalis Zeolit Alam Lampung Teraktivasi Hasanah, Nur; Putriani, Eka Nanda; Utami, Herti; Br. Ginting, Simparmin
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 8 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v8i2.30409

Abstract

Turpentine is one of the essential oils that is produced in Indonesia.The main content of turpentine is α-pinene that can be synthesized into α-terpineol. This product will give a higher selling value than sells turpentine directly.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a kind of solubility promotor and reaction time on the hydration of α-pinene to produce α-terpineol with natural zeolite catalyst (ZAL). The zeolite before being used as a catalyst, it was activated to remove the impurities and to increase the acidity. In order to know the characteristics of zeolites were analyzed using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). In this study, the variables used were solubility promotors (isopropyl alcohol and ethanol) and reaction times (60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 minutes). The synthesis was carried out in a three-neck round bottom flask at 83°C , 20 mL of turpentine, 108 mL aquadest and 80 mL of solubility promotor. Compound the products of the reaction were analyzed using GC and GCMS. The results of this study showed that the highest conversion of 38.62% with the solubility promotor was ethanol at a reaction time of 300 minutes.
Pengaruh Kecepatan Pengadukan dan Konsentrasi Katalis Pada Sintesis α-Terpineol dari Terpentin dengan Katalis Asam Trikloroasetat Inestia, Della; Utami, Herti
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 8 No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v8i3.30593

Abstract

Terpentin adalah salah satu hasil hutan bukan kayu yang diproduksi dari pohon pinus. Terpentin mengandung kandungan tertinggi α-pinene yang dapat dihidrasi menjadi α-terpineol. Terpentin yang digunakan pada penelitian ini mempunyai kadar α-pinene sebesar 74,614%. Reaksi hidrasi α-pinene dengan katalis asam akan menghasilkan α-terpineol yang biasanya digunakan untuk bahan pembuatan dari parfum, kosmetik, bahan pewangi, shampo, deterjen, dan sabun. Pada penelitian ini, dipelajari pengaruh dari kecepatan pengadukan dan konsentrasi katalis pada sintesis α-terpineol dari terpentin dengan katalis asam trikhloroasetat dengan etanol sebagai solubility promoter. Variable kecepatan pengadukan yang digunakan (500, 600 dan 700 rpm) dengan konsentrasi katalis (0,01, 0,02, 0,03 dan 0,04 mol). Sintesis dilakukan pada suhu 70°C dan 10 mL etanol menggunakan labu leher tiga, pendingin balik, pemanas, pengaduk magnetik dan thermometer. Hasil sintesis dipisahkan dengan corong pisah lalu hasil sampel dianalisis dengan Gas Cromatography. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan konversi tertinggi dari α-terpineol adalah 3,103% dengan kecepatan pengadukan sebesar 600 rpm dan konsentrasi katalis 0,03 mol.
Preparasi dan Karakterisasi PP (Polypropylene) Termodifikasi LLDPE (Linear Low Density Polyethylene) dengan Teknik Pencampuran Biasa Khavilla, Vidya Putri; Wahyuni, Sri; Riyanto, Ari Fajar; Jumaeri, Jumaeri; Harjono, Harjono
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 8 No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v8i3.32343

Abstract

Polymers or plastics are one of the important material and progress very quickly. The purpose of this research to modify PP with LLDPE by the usual mixing techniques to improve some of the mechanical properties of PP. The quantity of LLDPE added to PP varies in 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. This research also studied the properties of LLDPE/PP with the addition of silica fume. Mixing LLDPE/PP is using the Extruder Pelletizing Twin Screw Lien Chiny and mixing LLDPE/PP-Silica using the injection molding method. LLDPE/PP was tested the mechanical properties and the results are as follows: MFR test of 8.36 g/cm3, the impact strength 3.3582 kg/cm2, tensile strength of 361.599 kgf/cm2, the flexural test of 52.1 MPa, hardness 108.2 Rscale, and density of 2.8441 g/cm3. LLDPE/PP-Silica tested mechanical properties by testing the impact strength and tensile strength. The physical characteristics of LLDPE/PP and LLDPE/PP-Silica analyzed using FTIR and SEM give the results of the functional group Si-O-Si and the agglomeration of silica on the morphology of LLDPE/PP-Silica. From all the results of the mechanical test it can be concluded that LLDPE/PP 10% has the results that are considered optimum because the value of the impact strength is best from the other variations. The LLDPE/PP-Silica is not increased mechanical properties compared to LLDPE/PP. Polymers or plastics are one of the important material and progress very quickly. The purpose of this research to modify PP with LLDPE by the usual mixing techniques to improve some of the mechanical properties of PP. The quantity of LLDPE added to PP varies in 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. This research also studied the properties of LLDPE/PP with the addition of silica fume. Mixing LLDPE/PP is using the Extruder Pelletizing Twin Screw Lien Chiny and mixing LLDPE/PP-Silica using the injection molding method. LLDPE/PP was tested the mechanical properties and the results are as follows: MFR test of 8.36 g/cm3, the impact strength 3.3582 kg/cm2, tensile strength of 361.599 kgf/cm2, the flexural test of 52.1 MPa, hardness 108.2 Rscale, and density of 2.8441 g/cm3. LLDPE/PP-Silica tested mechanical properties by testing the impact strength and tensile strength. The physical characteristics of LLDPE/PP and LLDPE/PP-Silica analyzed using FTIR and SEM give the results of the functional group Si-O-Si and the agglomeration of silica on the morphology of LLDPE/PP-Silica. From all the results of the mechanical test it can be concluded that LLDPE/PP 10% has the results that are considered optimum because the value of the impact strength is best from the other variations. The LLDPE/PP-Silica is not increased mechanical properties compared to LLDPE/PP.
Enkapsulasi Minyak Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum) pada Maltodekstrin dan β-siklodekstrin Yuliyati, Tri Budi; Cahyono, Edy; Wijayati, Nanik
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 9 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v9i1.33011

Abstract

Minyak atsiri merupakan material yang mudah mengalami degradasi akibat adanya oksigen, cahaya, dan temperatur tinggi. Untuk mengatasi hal tesebut perlu dilakukan enkapsulasi. Maltodekstrin dan β-siklodekstrin merupakan jenis penyalut yang baik dalam enkapsulasi minyak atsiri. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan enkapsulasi minyak kemangi menggunakan maltodekstrin dan β-siklodekstrin sebagai penyalut, dengan perbandingan 1:1, 2:1 dan 1:2 yang dilarutkan dengan etanol 70%. Minyak kemangi yang digunakan diperoleh dari destilasi uap air daun kemangi, kemudian dianalisis dengan GC-MS. Proses enkapsulasi menggunakan metode pengeringan beku. Produk mikrokapsul dikarakterisasi menggunakan SEM. Analisis GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa minyak kemangi mengandung senyawa E-sitral (32,93%), Z-sitral (23,96%), linalool, isokariofillen, α-humulen, dan kariofilen oksida. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mikrokapsul yang memiliki controlled release paling baik adalah sampel C (Maltodekstrin:β-siklodekstrin = 1:2). Mikrokapsul minyak kemangi berupa serbuk putih kekuningan, tidak menggumpal, dan memiliki bau khas kemangi. Hasil SEM menunjukkan ukuran rata-rata mikrokapsul yang dihasilkan sebesar < 2μm.
Pengaruh Massa Graphene Oxide dan Daya Microwave Terhadap Sintesis Graphene Melalui Iradiasi Microwave Amalia, Alfi Nurul; Rahayu, Endah Fitriani
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 9 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v9i2.33077

Abstract

Reduksi Graphene Oxide (GO) menjadi graphene dilakukan dengan bantuan iradiasi microwave dalam media air menghasilkan luas permukaan tinggi dari lembaran tipis graphene. Lembaran nano graphene bertindak sebagai susceptor di bawah iradiasi microwave yang memberikan pemanasan cukup cepat untuk mengelupas GO dan menghilangkan gugus oksigen secara efektif. Massa GO dan daya microwave memegang peranan penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas graphene dan mencegah kecacatan. Dari ketiga variasi pembuatan graphene dari Graphene Oxide (GO) melalui iradiasi microwave yaitu 0,1 g-450 Watt, 0,1 g-630 Watt dan 0,02 g-450 Watt menunjukkan gugus oksigen yang paling rendah terdapat pada variasi graphene 0,02 g-450 Watt. Hal ini mengindikasikan semakin kecil massa GO dan semakin tinggi daya microwave maka semakin banyak graphene yang terbentuk.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Senyawa Triterpenoid dari Biji Karika (Carica pubescens) Farikhah, Aflin Nur; Mursiti, Sri; Prasetya, Agung Tri
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 9 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v9i2.33173

Abstract

Karika merupakan tumbuhan khas dataran tingi Dieng yang bijinya dimanfaatkan oleh penduduk sekitar sebagai obat karena didalamnya terdapat kandungan metabolit sekunder diantaranya adalah senyawa triterpenoid. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa aktif dalam ekstrak biji karika dan efektivitasnya sebagai bakteri. Ekstraksi senyawa aktif biji karika menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut n-heksan dan etanol. Ekstrak etanol dipartisi menggunakan metode ekstraksi cair-cair dengan pelarut petroleum eter. Hasil partisi dilakukan uji antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Isolat diidentifikasi menggunakan spketrofotometer UV-Vis dan spektrofotometer FT-IR. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan isolat memiliki serapan maksimum pada panjang gelombang 245 nm serta memiliki gugus fungsi O-H, C-H alifatik, C=O, gem dimetil, -C-O. Uji antibakteri yang dilakukan menggunakan metode cakram, dari hasil yang didapat menunjukkan senyawa triterpenoid hasil isolasi memiliki aktivitas antibakteri lemah dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus.
Optimalisasi Konsentrasi Demulsifier pada Proses Demulsifikasi MInyak Mentah dalam Slop Oil Resti, Ade; Kusumastuti, Ella; G, Agnesya Putri; Jumaeri, Jumaeri; Wijayati, Nanik
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 9 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v9i2.33502

Abstract

Recovery of the crude oil component in slop oil has the potential to increase the economic value of the slop oil component of the crude oil obtained can be reprocessed, with the demulsification process using two kinds of demulsifiers are Dem-02 and Dem-17. The purpose of this research is to study the variations in demulsifier added to the separated water, and effect of optimum concentration to characterize the crude oil added to viscosity, density, %BS&W, water content, oil content, ash content and metal content (Al, Fe, Ca and Si ) after warming up 24 hours. The results showed the amount of concentration variation of the demulsifier affected the amount of the percentage of water seperation. The more concentrations added the more water water sparation. The optimal demulsifier concentration is at 16.000 ppm. The results of SO-01 and SO-02 slop oil characterization before demulsification each had viscosity of 79.0861 cSt and 408.4904 cSt, density of 0.9842 gr / mL and 0.9806 gr / mL, percentage of BS&W 90% and 80% , ash content 0.9376% and 0.9619%. After demulsification of viscosity 10.2124 cSt and 37.0041, density 0.9052 mg / mL and 0.9119 gr / mL, BS&W percentage 30%, oil content 0.8350% and 1.0505%, water content 19.2% , ash content 1.8869% and 1.8822%. Al, Fe, Ca and Si metal content in slop oil. After demulsification increases with increasing ash content slop from demulsification.
Pengaruh Temperatur dan Rasio H2/Hidrokarbo Menggunakan Katalis CoMo/γ-Al2O3 pada Hydrotreating Combined Gas Oil Sucipto, Lukman; Rustyawan, Wawan; Jumaeri, Jumaeri; Alighiri, Dante; Wahyuni, Sri
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 8 No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v8i3.33509

Abstract

Catalytic hydrodesulfurization of Combined Gas Oil (CGO) was used CoMo/ -Al2O3 catalyst. The reaction was carried out at the trickle bed reactor with temperature 265, 300, 300, 330°C and H2/Hydrocarbons ratio 288 and 310 m3/m3; pressure 65atm and LHSV 1.8 h-1. The study aims to determined the effect of H2/Hydrocarbons ratio and temperature in reducing sulfur content from CGO feeds. The Hydrotreating products were analyzed by Total Nitrogen Total Sulfur (TNTS), Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR). HDS product spesifications also analyzed using picnometer, Total Acid Number (TAN), and Doctor test Solution. The results of the analysis catalytic HDS test showed that the temperature range of 265-330°C increased and the H2/Hydrocarbons ratio 288-310 Nm3/m3, the HDS conversion was increased until 91.94%. The value of rate HDS (kHDS) also increased with temperature and H2/Hc ratio until 1,46x10-7 s-1. The minimum energy activation required by the catalytic hidrodesulfurization reaction in ratio H2/Hc 288 m3/m3 was 54,25 kJ/mol. Keywords : hydrotreating, Catalyst CoMo/ -Al2O3, temperature, H2/Hc ratio
Optimasi Metode Analisis Kadar Surfaktan Anion Menggunakan Methylen Blue Active Subtances dengan Spektrofotometer Ultraviolet Visible Pratiwi, Endiyana; Prasetya, Agung Tri
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 9 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v9i2.33517

Abstract

The method of analyzing the levels of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate through optimization of various variations including; pH; complex stability time; and the effect of the amount of boric acid interference by using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 651 nm. The optimization results show that Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate is optimal under conditions of pH 5.98. Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate was stable until 60 minutes to minutes without any color concentration and no precipitate appeared, then it did not affect the boric acid interference in the Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate of 0.008 mmol. The optimization results will be used to determine the level Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate in the application using laundry waste. The application of the results of optimization into laundry waste shows that there are 1.6, 3.08, and 4.18% of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate levels used in laundry services today. These results can be said that the level of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate in this sample of laundry waste has exceeded the standard set by the Government Regulation which is equal to 1.18, 1.23, and 1.10 mg / L.
Uji Aktivitas Katalitik Hidrodesulfurisasi Campuran Light Gas Oil (LGO) dan Light Diesel Oil (LDO) dengan Katalis CoMo/ γ-Al2O3 Ulya, Isnaeni Nurul; Jumaeri, Jumaeri; Wawan, Wawan; Rahayu, Endah Fitriani; Wijayati, Nanik
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 9 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v9i2.33525

Abstract

Diesel oil is a fossil fuel that is the main source of energy consumed excessively which can cause problems in the environment such as air pollution. This study aims to eliminate sulfur type impurities in diesel oil by hydrotreating process, one of which is through the hydrodesulfurization process. In this study studied the catalytic activity of CoMo / Al2O3 in the HDS process of LGO and LDO blends using Reactor Fixed-Bed Pilot-Plant scale. The effect of parameters on the HDS process was studied by varying temperatures of 330oC, 350oC, 370oC and the influence of the Liquid Hourly Space Velocity (LHSV) 1 hour-1, 1.5 hours-1, 2 hours-1. The results showed an increase in HDS activity of up to 99.99% at an increase in temperature of 370oC with LHSV 1 hour-1.CoMo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was able to reduce sulfur content at temperatures of 330oC, 350oC, and 370oC with LHSV 1 hour-1 of 16.56 ppm; 3.85 ppm; 3.79 ppm. From all the results of the analysis it can be concluded that the optimum HDS process at a temperature of 370oC and LHSV 1 hour-1. The decrease in sulfur content obtained is in accordance with European country standards (Euro V), where the sulfur diesel oil content is lower than 10 ppm. The catalytic activity of CoMo/γ-Al2O3 shows that it increases the HDS process and can reduce activation energy by 18.49 Kj/mol.

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