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INDONESIA
Science and Technology Indonesia
Published by Universitas Sriwijaya
ISSN : 25804405     EISSN : 25804391     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
An international Peer-review journal in the field of science and technology published by The Indonesian Science and Technology Society. Science and Technology Indonesia is a member of Crossref with DOI prefix number: 10.26554/sti. Science and Technology Indonesia publishes quarterly (January, April, July, October). Science and Technology Indonesia is an international scholarly journal on the field of science and technology aimed to publish a high-quality scientific paper including original research papers, reviews, short communication, and technical notes. This journal welcomes the submission of articles that covers a typical subject of natural science and technology such as: > Chemistry > Biology > Physics > Marine Science > Pharmacy > Chemical Engineering > Environmental Science and Engineering > Computational Engineering > Biotechnology Journal Commencement: October 2016
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Articles 30 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): January" : 30 Documents clear
Mechanistic and Pharmacological Evaluation of Cassia rhombifolia Fruit Extract in Murine Models of Pain, Fever, and Acute Inflammation Tran, Thi Phuong Nhung; Vu, Thi Hoan; Nguyen, Thi Ngan
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.1.366-377

Abstract

This work investigated the pharmacological profile and dose-response behavior of an ethanol extract prepared from Cassia rhombifolia fruits (EECR) in mouse models of nociception, pyrexia, and short-term inflammatory reactions. Swiss albino mice were given EECR by mouth at 100, 200, or 300 mg/kg. Thermal pain thresholdswere evaluated using the hot plate and tail-flick paradigms. Yeast-induced hyperthermia was employed to assess antipyretic activity, and λ-carrageenan-evoked paw swelling served as an index of acute inflammation. Serum cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). EECR significantly increased reaction latencies in both nociceptive paradigms and reduced fever and paw edema in a clear dose-related fashion (p < 0.01). At 300 mg/kg, the extract inhibited the tail-flick response by 83.27%, lowered hyperthermia by 68.42%, and diminished paw swelling by 64.25%. These functional benefits were accompanied by a marked suppression of pro-inflammatory mediators, and the EECR dose showed a pronounced negative relationship with cytokine levels (r = −0.98; p < 0.05). Across behavioral and biochemical outcomes, correlation coefficients and determination indices (R2) supported pronounced, almost linear dose-response patterns. Overall, the data indicate that EECR exerts potent pain-relieving, fever-lowering, and inflammation-attenuating effects in animal models and warrant further studies to isolate active principles, clarify molecular mechanisms, and evaluate its translational relevance.
Formulation Optimization and In Vitro Antioxidant Evaluation of a Polyherbal Nanosuspension Incorporating Apium graveolens, Centella asiatica, and Orthosiphon stamineus Astuti, Febriana; Akrom; Mustofa; Setianto, Arif Budi; Hidayati, Titiek
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.1.65-83

Abstract

Antioxidants play a crucial role in protecting cells from damage caused by free radicals, particularly reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herbal plants contain various bioactive compounds, such as phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids, which exhibit strong antioxidant properties to neutralize these harmful molecules. However, the bioavailability of these compounds is often limited due to their poor water solubility. Nanotechnology offers a promising solution, specifically through the development of nanosuspensions. This approach enhances the solubility of these compounds by reducing their particle size to the nanometer scale, thus improving absorption in the body. In this study, nanosuspensions were formulated using extracts from Apium graveolens, Centella asiatica, and Orthosiphon stamineus through a two-factor optimization approach with Design-Expert® version 13 software. The optimal formulation contained 25 mL of chitosan, 6 g of Tween 80, and 10 mL of sodium tripolyphosphate (Na-TPP), resulting in nanosuspensions with an average particle size of 220.00(1157) nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.59±0.06, and a zeta potential of −28.27±0.37mV. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS assays. In the DPPH assay, the nanopolyherbal formulation showed an IC50 of 41.780(3064) μgmL−1, while the combined extract had an IC50 of 44.930(2989) μgmL−1. The ABTS assay revealed an IC50 of 28.21 μgmL−1 for the nanosuspension, significantly lower than the combined extract’s 54.22 μgmL−1. These results highlight the superior antioxidant activity of the nanosuspension, emphasizing the potential of nanotechnology to enhance the efficacy of bioactive compounds from herbal plants.
Synthesis, Characterization of Novel Azo Compounds as Corrosion Inhibitors for Carbon Steel in HCl, and Their Theoretical Study Jarallah, Hanadi M.; Dhaef, Hawraa Kareem; Mohammed, Mohammed K.; Ismal, Sadiq M. H.; Hussein, Ala’a Ali
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.1.84-95

Abstract

Two azo compounds were produced, and their chemical properties were validated using spectroscopic methods (mass and 1H NMR). A potential dynamic polarization approach was employed to evaluate the synthesized derivatives as corrosionreducing materials for carbon steel in a 1 M HCl solution. The derived products, (E)-4-((3-(tert-butyl)-2-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)diazenyl)-N-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide (I) and (E)-4-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl)-N-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide (II) achieved 89.9% and 83.02% inhibition rates at 5 × 10−3 M concentrations, Langmuir was aligned with the isotherm adsorptions of these materials. Density functional theory was employed to assess the quantum chemical characteristics of azo-based inhibitors. A conceptual assessment was performed using DFT/B3LYP 6-311+G (d,p) to evaluate the structure of the molecule, its physical and chemical properties, and the electronic factors that impact its inhibitory significance. The DFT outcomes were aligned with the practical records.
Modeling Cointegrated Nonstationary Air Pollution Data: A Forecasting Study of NO₂ and SO₂ in Indonesia (1950–2022) Adnan, Arisman; Erda, Gustriza; Wamiliana; Russel, Edwin
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.1.161-173

Abstract

 Air pollution from nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) poses serious threats to human respiratory health and contributes to environmental degradation through acid rain formation. In Indonesia, despite rapid industrialization and increasing emissions, studies examining the interrelated dynamics between NO2 and SO2 at the national level remain limited, with most research focusing only on provincial areas and short time periods. This study fills this gap by analyzing the dynamic relationship between NO2 and SO2 using comprehensive national-level time series data from 1950 to 2022. The analysis examines short-term adjustments, long-term equilibrium patterns, directional causality, and shock responses between the two pollutants. The analysis focuses on identifying the best statistical model to capture the interaction between the two variables. Granger causality tests, impulse response functions (IRFs), and forecast error variance decomposition are applied to examine causal links and response dynamics. The data exhibits nonstationary but cointegrated with rank r=1, indicating a long-run equilibrium correlation between two pollutants. Consequently, the Vector Error Correction Model, VECM(4), is selected as the most appropriate model. The study also provides 10-year forecasts for both pollutants insights into potential future air pollution trends in Indonesia, with NO2 rising from 5.29 to 8.09 million tons and SO2 from3.38 to 5.10 million tons, underscoring the urgent need for integrated emission control policies that address both pollutants simultaneously rather than in isolation.
Functionalization of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Anatase-Rutile Phases and Quartz Crystal Microbalance for Humidity Sensing Materials Mardiana, Laili; Fajriah, Baiq Nurul; Wirawan, Rahadi; Alaydrus, Alfina Taurida; Rahayu, Susi
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.1.252-260

Abstract

A QCM (Quartz Crystal Microbalance) can be developed as a humidity sensor with a selective coating material. TiO2 (titanium dioxide) is a metal oxide with several crystal phases: anatase and rutile phases. However, there are few studies on the crystal phase investigation of a TiO2-based humidity sensor. Thus, this study aimed to develop a humidity sensor by functionalizing TiO2 particles with different crystal phases. The coating materials were prepared by ultrasonication. The synthesis was conducted by mixing 7 mL of TTIP (Titanium (IV) Isopropoxide) precursor in ethanol. This solution was stirred for 30 minutes, ultrasonicated, and heated for 16 hours to make a gel. The next step was a calcination process with two different temperatures to produce different crystal phases: 500oC (anatase) and 700oC (rutile). The synthesized powders were analyzed using XRD-SEM and coated onto the surfaces of the QCMs used as the developed sensors. These sensors were tested inside a chamber using a humidity control kit and a frequency counter (humidity levels: 57% to 92%). The results show that the rutile phase has a smaller particle diameter (252.672 nm) than the anatase phase (384.589 nm). The humidity sensing examinations indicate that the anatase-phase sensor has faster response-recovery times (19 seconds and 8 seconds) than the rutile-phase sensor (28 seconds and 50 seconds). It can be concluded that TiO2 particles in the anatase and rutile phases can be functionalized as a high-sensitivity coating material for a QCM humidity sensor.
Optical Assessment of Titanium Oxide Employed in Phosphor-Transmuted WLED Devices Le, Phan Xuan; Loan, Nguyen Thi Phuong; Anh, Nguyen Doan Quoc
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.1.345-355

Abstract

Utilizing inexpensive PbO-B2O3-SiO2-ZnO glass as the host, a new environmentally friendly method for phosphor-transformed WLED utilizing Ce:YAG-doped glass and Titanium oxide (TiO2) was effectively created for this study. This method demonstrated good sintering behavior and elevated visible transparency with a sintering heat level reaching 750oC while avoiding influence on phosphor samples. The optic characterization of WLED can be simply adjusted by only modifying the temperature, incorporating dosage, as well as sample breadth to suit the mucous sintering for phosphor within glass (PwG). The perfect sample amount is regulated, reaching 5 wt.% of the end combination, and the most suited thickness of samples is discovered to be 0.8 mm. As a consequence, the optimum heating condition is sintered at 700oC within 40 minutes. The built-in PwG WLED displays an elevated illuminating effectiveness of 134.33 lm/W, associated hue temperature of 4696 K, and hue rendering index of 68.5. PwG’s improved heat quenching ability when combined with traditional silicone resin and TiO2 makes it clear that the glass ceramic substance used today is highly practical for use in WLED apparatuses.
Spatial Data Integration and Validation for Peatland Fire Risk Mapping in Ogan Ilir District, South Sumatra Province Sutopo; Saputra, Agus Dwi; Irfan, Muhammad; Mardiansyah, Wijaya; Iskandar, Iskhaq
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.1.288-297

Abstract

This study aims to map peatland fire vulnerability in Ogan Ilir District, South Sumatra, using a GIS-based spatial data integration approach. The analysis integrates biophysical factors, including soil type, land cover, topography, and rainfall, with anthropogenic variables such as accessibility to roads, settlements, and rivers. A multi-criteria scoring and weighting method was applied to generate the vulnerability map, which was validated using hotspot data from 2019 to 2024. Previous studies in Ogan Ilir primarily focused on fire-potential mapping using simple scoring and overlay techniques without standardized validation. To address this limitation, this study adopts the official methodology outlined in Technical Guidelines No. P.6/PSKL/SET/KUM.1/5/2020 issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry and incorporates fire spot data from the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) for validation. Results show that high-vulnerability areas (Score 3–4) dominate the district, covering 222,855.3 hectares or 90.7% of the total mapped area. Validation indicates that 83.8% of actual hotspots occur within these zones, supported by a kappa accuracy value of 0.8628, reflecting strong model reliability. Key factors influencing vulnerability include land cover dominated by shrubs, swamps, and plantations such as oil palm and rubber; the predominance of Hemic Organosol soils; and low rainfall, especially in southern areas. These findings align with studies across Sumatra highlighting the influence of drained vegetation, accessibility, and human activities on peatland fire susceptibility. Overall, this study provides essential spatial information to support targeted peatland fire mitigation, including enhanced monitoring, strict no-burn policies, and improved water-management practices to maintain sustainable peat moisture.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hydrogel Cassava Pulp–Poly (Acrylate – Acrylamide) at Various Concentrations of Acrylic Acid and Crosslinker Winarti , Christina; Kurniati, Mersi; Puspita, Indah; Suwarda, Rosniyati; Widaningrum; Maddu, Akhiruddin
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.1.356-365

Abstract

Cassava pulp or bagasse is a by-product of cassava processing with high starch and cellulose, showing strong potential for development into various high-value products, including hydrogel. Hydrogel is a polymer capable of absorbing a large amount of water without dissolving and is suitable for several applications. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize and characterize hydrogel made from cassava waste pulp with different concentrations of acrylamide and acrylic acid (AA). The treatments used were the percentage of acrylic acid, namely 0, 5, 15, 25, and 35%, alongside N, N-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) percentages (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5%). Parameters observed were swelling, swelling kinetics, gel fraction, mechanical properties, and surface morphology. The results showed that the addition of acrylic acid and crosslinking with MBA had a significant effect on swelling, gel fraction, and mechanical properties at a significant level of 5%. FTIR confirmed the chemical interaction comprising acrylic-acrylamide acid andMBA in cassava pulp. In line with the analysis, the best treatment was obtained from 25% acrylic acid percentage and 0.5% MBA concentration with 1058% swelling value and 70.05% gel fraction. This hydrogel had a hardness of 6.46 mJ, 5.39 kPa modulus of elasticity, and 4.34 x 1023 m-3 active bonds per unit volume, showing the potential for use in agricultural fields as a planting medium, water carrier, and fertilizer protector.
Electrochemically Deposited rGO Cu2S Composite as a High-Performance Counter Electrode for Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells Duyen, Nguyen Thuy Kieu; Hanh, Nguyen Thi My; Hieu, Le Van; Luu, Thi Viet Ha; Dang, Huu Phuc
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.1.1-9

Abstract

This study reports the development of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), copper sulfide (Cu2S), and their hybrid composite (rGO-Cu2S) as counter electrodes (CEs) for quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs). The electrodes were fabricated on FTO substrates via a simple, low-temperature electrochemical deposition method. Morphological analysis revealed flower-like Cu2S nanostructures and wrinkled rGO sheets, while the composite combined these features into a uniform hybrid layer. Electrochemical measurements demonstrated that the rGO-Cu2S CE exhibited superior catalytic activity and lower charge-transfer resistance compared to the individual materials. When integrated into QDSSCs, the rGO-Cu2S electrode achieved the highest power conversion efficiency (4.65%), outperforming Cu2S (3.77%) and rGO (3.24%). The synergistic interaction between conductive rGO networks and catalytically active Cu2S nanostructures underpin this improvement, highlighting rGO-Cu2S as a cost-effective and efficient alternative to noble-metal-based counter electrodes.
Research Trends in Green Synthesis of CeO2 Nanoparticles: A Bibliometric Review Prihatiningsih, Elisa; Sagadevan, Suresh; Nisha, Mehru; Fatimah, Is
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.1.182-195

Abstract

This bibliometric review examines the trends in green synthesis of CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) emphasizing significant contributions and emerging research applications. Through an analysis of keywords, co-authorship networks, countries, and affiliation metworks, findings highlight that green synthesis of nanoparticles, applications of CeO2 as antibacterial agent, catalyst, and photocatalysts are the most used keywords reflecting strong interests. By evaluating the citation metrics within last 20 years, it could be concluded that green synthesis of CeO2 still have position to fill the map on the use of nanoparticles for various applications, mainly in medicine and environmental engineering. Stronger collaborations to explore linkages for creating new route as greener and sustainable method as innovation are still required.

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