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International Journal of Applied Biology
Published by Universitas Hasanuddin
ISSN : 25802410     EISSN : 25802119     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Energy Environmental Science
International Journal of Applied Biology is an international, peer reviewed journal, publishing high-quality research. International Journal of Applied Biology only publishes manuscripts in English. Please see the journal's Focus & Scope for information about its Scope and peer-review policy. International Journal of Applied Biology is available in print and online version.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 168 Documents
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Production of Bioethanol From Kappaphycus alvarezii Algae by Using Pichia kudriavzevii Yeast Nur Fadillah; WInda Lestari Taufan; Muh Syahdan Aska
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2018): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v2i1.4391

Abstract

Kappaphycus alvarezii is a red algae that can be used as alternative raw material for bioethanol production. This is because K. alvarezii contains a high carbohydrate that reaches 60%. This study aims to determine the effect of fermentation nutrition and fermentation duration of hydrolysis results of K. alvarezii algae on pH changes, sugar levels, cell biomass and ethanol content. There are two methods was used in this research, namely hydrolysis method and fermentation method. The hydrolysis method was used α-amylases enzyme which is 150 KNU/L with 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% concentrations. The next method, K. alvarezii algae was fermented by Pichia kudriavzevii and used Gandasil-D® as an anorganic suplementation and yeast extract which is 0 g/L, 1 g/L, 2 g/L and 3 g/L. The results showed that         K. alvarezii can be fermented into bioethanol after enzymatic hydrolysis process. The optimal ethanol content was produced at 48 hours of incubation duration.
Effect of Yeast Based Biofertilizer combined with bacteria on Mustard Plant Growth Nur Hidayatul Alami
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2017): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v1i2.3093

Abstract

Biofertilizers are commonly defined as microbial inoculants which are capable of mobilizing important nutrient in the soil from non-available to available form for the plants through their biological processes. Hence to increase the productivity of the soil, the use of biofertilizer is necessary. Candida yeast as a phosphate solubilizer and decomposer. Azotobacter bacteria as a nitrogen-fixing bacteria and Bacillus as a phosphate solubilizer. The combination of these microorganisms as biofertilizer needs to be tested its effect against mustard (Brassica juncea L.) plant growth.The results showed that the combination of Bacillus Candida obtained the highest yield among other biofertilizer treatments with a value of 13.6 cm at plant height, 4.96 grams in wet weight and 2.29 grams in dry weight. The combination of Azotobacter Candida showed the highest result on the parameter of width and number of leaves with the values of 20.3 cm and 5.3. Combination of Azotobacter Bacillus Candida showed the highest yield on the root length parameter with a value of 5.0 cm. The addition of biofertilizer is expected to reduce pollution on the soil due to residues produced by chemical fertilizers.Keyword : Azotobacter, Bacillus, Biofertilizer, Candida, Mustard Plant
Water Feasibility Study of Bengawan Solo River for Irrigation: The Need for Technology to Solve Rice Field Pollution in Sragen, Indonesia Setiyo Prajoko
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2018): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v2i1.3971

Abstract

The aims of this study are to determine the feasibility of Bengawan Solo River water for irrigation of rice field in Sragen, Central Java and to find solution to the problem. The data used in this study were obtained from various literatures related to the issues discussed. The collected data were then selected and analyzed with descriptive argumentative. The result indicates that the water quality of Bengawan Solo River has dropped below the water quality standard grade IV according to Government Regulation Number 82 Year 2001. The use of water from this river has caused the quality of rice to decline below the rice quality standard according to Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 01.6128-2008 due to the bioaccumulation of heavy metals on rice crops, i.e. copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and Chromium (Cr) exceeded the threshold. Solution proposed to overcome this problem is with counseling programs to farmers conducted by relevant agencies on the use of rice field pollution control technology by physics, chemistry, and biology.
Diversity of Invertebrate Epifaunas Associating with Mangrove In Balangdatu Village Tanakeke Islands of South Sulawesi Crisnawati Crisnawati; Magdalena Litaay; Dody Prisambodo; Slamet Santoso
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2017): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v1i1.2104

Abstract

Research on the diversity of invertebrate epifaunas associating with mangroves in the Balangdatu village of Tanakeke regency, Takalar district, South Sulawesi, has been conducted from September to December 2016. The objective of this research was to know the diversity of invertebrate epifaunas associating with mangrove in Balangdatu Village of Tanakeke Islands. Sample collection was done by using explorative quantitatively plot methods with size 2 x 2 m, applied at three different stations. Data analysis includes calculation of Absolute density, Uniformity Index (Shannon-wiener), Dominance Index, and Distribution Index. The results showed that there were 13 species of epi fauna of 9 tribes, namely Littoraria sp 1, Cerithidea cingulata, Littoraria sp 2, Littoraria pallescens, Episesarma sp, Saccostrea cucullata, Pagurus sp, Terebralia sulcata, Cerithidea sp, Nerita planospira, Nisto histrio, Littoraria scabra, and Cassidula vespertilionis. The highest density was found in Littoraria scabra with a density of 0.72 ind/m2. Diversity indices are low which indicate depressed environmental conditions. Distribution Index values across stations <1 indicating that the pattern of individual dispersion tends to be uniform.
Study of Lacid Acid Bacteria Activities from Human Oral Mucosa for Candida albicans Inhibition Evi Lauw
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2017): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v1i2.2261

Abstract

Lactic acid bacteria are known to have potential in producing antimicrobial compounds, including antifungal agents. This study aims to determine whether the lactic acid bacteria from human oral mucosa have the potential to produce the secondary metabolite to inhibit the candidiasis, which caused by pathogen fungi, Candida albicans. Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from three healthy respondents based on age difference that is an infant, child, and adult. Lactic acid bacteria isolation using the deMann Rogosa Sharpe Broth (MRSB)-liquid medium, followed by purification stage with the quadrant scratch method using the deMann Rogosa Sharpe Agar (MRSA)-solid medium. The purified isolates obtained were characterized and identified by Gram staining, biochemical tests, and inhibition zone diameter measurement toward pathogenic fungi Candida albicans. The results were obtained from each of the two lactic acid bacteria isolates from each respondent with characteristics including gram-positive bacteria with short stem cell shape, possibly as Lactobacillus sp. It is conclude that the lactic acid bacteria of oral mucosa from adult had greater anticandidal activity than infant and child. Keywords: lactic acid bacteria, human oral mucosa, antifungal activity, Candida albicans
Effect of planting dates and varieties on infestation of maize stem borer Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) Pitamber Thakur; Ghanashyam Bhandari; Jiban Shrestha; Buddhi Bahadur Achhami
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2018): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v2i1.4512

Abstract

Studies on the effect of different planting dates and varieties of maize on the infestation of maize stem borer (Chilo partellus) were carried out at research field of National Maize Research Program, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal in  2010/11 and 2011/12. Three maize varieties namely namely Arun-2, Rampur Composite and Gaurav (hybrid) were grown at weekly interval upto 52 weeks from January to December. The results revealed that the damage was higher in Arun-2 (38.9%) followed by Gaurav (35.4%) and Rampur Composite (30.8%) respectively. Higher damage was observed in April (58.2%) and the damage was gradually decreased toward the month of January/February (13.2 to 25.6%) and November/December (13.3 to 16.5%). Lower infestation was observed in winter season (22.5%) followed by spring (47.1%) and summer season (47.0%) respectively. This study suggests that the percent infestation of maize stem borer can be minimized by planting Rampur Composite variety in winter season.
The Production of Chitosan from Shrimp Shell Waste and Its Formulation in Patch DosageForm Combined with Aloe vera Extract as Antiinfection Agent Haeriah Haeriah; Muhammad Rahmatullah; Andi Indardaya; Emilia Utomo; Novianti Novianti; Sartini Sartini
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2017): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v1i1.2277

Abstract

Chitosan can be obtained from chitin isolated from shrimp waste through the process of deacetylation of chitin. Chitosan can be used as a patch base material because of its biocompatibility and biodegradability, and has antibacterial activity. The combination of Chitosan and Aloe vera extracts may be useful in patch dosage forms as wound dressings that have antiinfective activity. The research methods was laboratory experimental which consists of : chitosan was obtained from shell waste sequentially by deproteinisation, demineralisation, and deacetylation processes, and analyzed its characteristic, respectivel; Aloe vera gel was extraction by maceration methods using ethanol as solvent; patches were formulated using 2 % chitosan in 1.5 % glacial acetic acid,  1.6 %  Aloe vera extracts and 10 % glycerin and evaluated its physical propoperties,  skin iritation test, and antibacterial test against S.aureus. The results showed that percentage yield of chitosan was 32.67%, with characteristics; Its viscosity 93.33 cps, pH 4, 30 % deacetylation degree.  Percentage yield of Aloe vera  extract was 22.73%, containing acemannan, and had antibacterial activity against S.aureus.  The result of patch evaluation showed that the thickness of patch was 0.45 mm, 114 times folding endurance, moisture uptake of 45.03%, moisture content of 23.64%, safe to use, and  diameter of inhibition zone was 6.39 mm against S.aureus. So, combination of Aloe vera and Chitosan from shrimp shell as patch may use as antiinfection wound healing.  Keywords : Aloe vera L.; chitosan; wound dressing; patch; shrimp shell waste
Production Banana Glucose Syrup with the α-Amylase Supplementation Ashifa Trisnaputri
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2018): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v2i1.4753

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the largest producing country of banana in the world, but approximately only 1,5 million tons were consumed. As one of the fruit which contains the highest carbohydrate, the overripe banana with the high contains of sugar has a potential to be developed as the raw material of glucose syrup. According to the research, the banana with a lot of bruise or black mark on the skin has 2,6% strach, 33,6% reduction sugar, and 53,2% sucrose. In the making of banana glucose syrup, it will use α-amylase to hydrolize the strach. Based on the reduction sugar analysis there are nosignificantly different between the addition of 0,25 ml and 0,5 ml α-amylase. The results has qualified the minimum standard of glucose percentage (min. 30%) based on the reference SNI 01-2985-1992. The utilization of overripe bananas will greatly improve our glucose syrup production and ensure more of the banana waste can be saved in the future.
A Study on Entrapment Efficiency of Earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus) Extract in the Ethosomal Drug Delivery System Sabrina Resky Pratiwi; Nur Ainiah; Hardyanti Hardyanti; Dini Rusdayanti Putri; Emilia Utomo
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2017): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v1i1.2269

Abstract

IntroductionEarthworms (Lumbricus rubellus) extract is known to contain  bioactive protein as antibacterial compounds. One of the disadvantages of polar compounds is slow penetration into the skin layers which can be solved by formulating it in the form of ethosomal drug delivery system. The aims of this research was to get information about ethanol concentration that can give the highest entrapment efficiency of the ethosome. MethodsEarthworms powder was macerated using 50% ethanol for 3 days. The extract was  formulated into ethosome with variation of ethanol concentration that are 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, respectively. The measurement of entrapment efficiency was conducted by measuring the amount of active protein of earthworms extract that was entrapped in ethosome vesicles using spectrophotometer UV-Visible.ResultsThe results showed that the highest entrapment efficiency was 72.58 % performed by formula which was made with 0.5 % extract, 2 % soy lecithin and 50 % ethanol.ConclusionsThe highest percentage of entrapment efficiency of earthworms extract ethosome was 72.58%.Keywords : ethosome, ethanol concentration , entrapment efficiency, Lumbricus rubellus.  
Talinum paniculatum (Jacq) Gaertn (Java ginseng) production using Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Sulistiono Sulistiono
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2017): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v1i2.3133

Abstract

Soil pathogen is one of main problem in Java ginseng production in tropical field. This study was aimed to evaluate the impact of VAM application to Java ginseng tuber production. Application of VAM was conducted in various concentrations (0, 1, 2, and 3%) (w/w). Thin Layer Chromatography was used to detected saponin and spectrophotometry was used to determine total saponin. Biomass, the number of rotten tuber, and total saponin were determined after eleven months under greenhouse condition. Inoculation 3% of VAM can enhance the number of healthy and biomass Java ginseng tuber significantly. But the application of VAM did not increase total saponin content.

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