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International Journal of Applied Biology
Published by Universitas Hasanuddin
ISSN : 25802410     EISSN : 25802119     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Energy Environmental Science
International Journal of Applied Biology is an international, peer reviewed journal, publishing high-quality research. International Journal of Applied Biology only publishes manuscripts in English. Please see the journal's Focus & Scope for information about its Scope and peer-review policy. International Journal of Applied Biology is available in print and online version.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 168 Documents
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The Identification of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria from Thorny Bamboo Rhizosphere with 3% KOH Gram Test and Gram Staining Test Muhammad Yusril Hardiansyah Muhammad Yusril Hardiansyah
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 4 No. (2) (2020): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

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Abstract

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a group of beneficial bacteria that actively colonize the rhizosphere and play an important role in enhancing root growth that impacts on plant growth, yields and land fertility. PGPR is very much found in the area around plant roots or rhizosphere especially thorny bamboo rhizosphere (Bambusa blumeana). The number of microorganisms contained in PGPR spiked bamboo rhizosphere makes it difficult to know what types of bacteria are the most dominant and most active in influencing plant growth. One method that can be used to identify microorganisms is by biochemical testing processes using the 3% gram KOH test method and gram staining test. This study aims to determine the use of the 3% gram KOH test method and gram staining test in identifying Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria bacteria from thorny bamboo rhizosphere (Bambusa blumeana). This test is carried out at the Biofertilizer and Potential Microbial Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar and takes place from October to December 2019. The method of carrying out the test includes making the media nutrient agar (NA), pouring media, planting bacteria, identifying bacteria in 2 gram reaction methods, namely the gram reaction test using 3% KOH and using a simple coloring with methylen blue and lugol. The results obtained are the 3% gram KOH test method in testing the scratch method of all samples that have slime while the scatter method has 2 samples that have slime. Then the gram staining test method on staining with methylene blue and logol produces blue for the genus Pseudomonas which means gram positive and pink or purple for the genus Bacillus which means gram positive. So it can be concluded that the 3% KOH test method and gram staining test have optimum effect in detecting microorganisms.
Evaluation of different plant leaf extracts against mustard aphid [Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.)] in rapeseed field Manish Kumar Pal; Kapil Kafle; Jiban Shrestha
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 4 No. (2) (2020): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v4i(2).11369

Abstract

Rapeseed is highly vulnerable to attack by various insect pests. The use of botanicals for control of insect pests is an eco-friendly practice, more compatible with the environmental components, and non-hazardous to human beings. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different plant leaf extracts against Mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi Kalt.) from November 2016 to March 2017 at research field of Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Lamjung Campus, Lamjung, Nepal. Five different plant leaf extracts derived from Neem, Bakaino, Hattibar, Khirro, and Bojho, along with Cypermethrin 10% EC@ 1.5 ml/L of water; and control (without treatment) were evaluated against Mustard aphids. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Morang-2 variety of Rapeseed was planted in the field and the Rapeseed plant was sprayed with prepared plant leaf extracts on 30 days after sowing (DAS), 45 DAS and 60 DAS, and aphid number was counted after 5, 10 and 15 days of each spray from 10 cm apical shoot. The results showed that the application of Cypermethrin 10% EC @ @ 1.5 ml/L of water significantly reduced the aphid population followed by the Complete mixture and the mixture without Khirro. The highest grain yield (1436.75 kg/ha) was found in Complete mixture treated plots. It was concluded that all these plant leaf extracts showed insecticidal properties against aphid in rapeseed crops and successfully be integrated as a part of Integrated Pest Management.
Species Composition of Amphibians (Order Anura) in Baturraden Botanical Garden, Banyumas Erik Prasetyo
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 4 No. (2) (2020): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

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Abstract

Baturraden botanical garden is located in Kemutuk Lor village, Baturraden district, Banyumas in the southern slopes of Mount Slamet. This area is mostly composed by the forest cover (natural forests and production forests) and has a high water abundance so in accordance with the habitat of amphibians (order Anura). This study aims to determine the species composition of amphibians (order Anura) in the area of the Baturraden botanical garden. This research was conducted in July 2015 using the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method by making three line transects. Results of the study found 8 species of amphibians (order Anura) from 5 families that were families from Megrophryidae (Leptobrachium haseltii), Bufonidae (Leptophryne borbonica), Dicroglossidae (Limnonectes kuhlii), and (Limnonectes microdiscus), Ranidae (Hylarana chalconota and Odorrana hosii) and Rhacophoridae (Polypedates leucomystax and Rhacophorus margaritifer). Family composition is dominated from family Dicroglossidae and Ranidae.
KEFIR OF KEJI BELING TEA (Strobilanthes crispus) AS FUNCTIONAL BEVERAGE FOR GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE Pramita Laksitarahmi Isrianto
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 4 No. (2) (2020): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v4i(2).11509

Abstract

Kefir is beverage fermented product, it is usually made from milk. However, there is an arising concern about lactose intolerant. Therefore, taking benefit of herbal tea solution as raw material of kefir will give multiple benefits. The used tea solution was made from keji beling leaves (Strobilanthes crispus L.) which has many benefits. Kefir beverage is probiotic beverage which is beneficial for digestion health and can keep immune system, as well as keji beling tea which is rich in antioxidants. The used design in this research was Complete Randomized Design (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) with 4 levels of treatment namely: concentration of keji beling 0%, 10% and 15% with fermentation duration of 12 hours and 24 hours. Based on the research result pointed out the obvious effect between treatment toward pH, total polyphenols, total acetic acid, and total glucose with p score = 0,00. The result of lactic acid bacteria (BAL) total is 1,914 x107 CFU/mL and yeast total is 1,532 x 107 CFU/mL on concentration of 15% kefir of keji beling tea with fermentation duration of 24 hours. Result for organoleptic test shows the obvious effect (p=0,00) between the treatment toward parameters of taste, aroma, color and power. Panelist takes pleasure on the treatment P1 with concentration of horsewhip tea 150% in fermentation duration of 24 hours. Key words : Kefir, Keji beling tea (Strobilanthes crispus L), Fermented Beverage.
Sperm Fertility of SK Kedu Chicken in Lactated Ringer’s-Egg Yolk Extender with 10% of DMSO Sipora Petronela Telnoni Nella
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 5 No. (1) (2021): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v5i(1).11663

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate fertility of SK Kedu chicken post inseminated by frozen semen using lactated ringer’s-egg yolk with 10% of DMSO. Frozen semen of lactated ringer’s-egg yolk with 10% of DMSO was picked from container of Liquid Nitrogen (-196 ºC) and thawed in warm water at 37 ºC for 30 second. Frozen semen inseminated to 3 arab hens: A1, A2 and A3 with 100 motile sperm cell in 0.25 mL-1 using 2 straws and deposited into reproductive tract of hen as long as 7 cm in intra utein using AI gun. Egg was collected in day 2 after AI till day 14, labelled and incubated. Sperm fertility was estimated by using % sperm fertility formulation = fertile eggs / incubated eggs x 100, regardless of whether the eggs will hatch or not. Egg fertility are checked on 5 day after incubation. This result showed % sperm fertility of SK kedu chicken were A1 (77.78 %), A2 (33.33 %), and A3 (83.33 %). The mean of % sperm fertility was 72.22 %. It can be concluded that lactated ringer’s-egg yolk with 10% of DMSO can maintain sperm fertility of SK kedu chicken.
Chemical speciation of heavy metals in bioaugmented and non- bioaugmented soils from Taman Beringin landfill Umm-kulthum Gimba; Sharifah Mohammad; Fauziah Shahul Hamid
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 5 No. (1) (2021): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v5i(1).12081

Abstract

Heavy metal pollution has led to serious consequences since the dawn of industrialization. The aim of this study is to compare the speciation of heavy metals in bioaugmented and non-bioaugmented soils from Taman Beringin landfill, Malaysia. This is to allow the proper understanding of the specific forms of heavy metals and their mobility in the environment. Sequential extraction process based on Tessier et al. (1979), Tsang et al (2007) and standard ISO 11466 (1995) was performed for the determination of eight heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in soils samples. The results revealed that the percentage reduction of the mobile and non mobile forms (F1, F2, F3, F4 and F5) of heavy metals varied for all metals in non- bioaugmented and bioaugmented soils. Additionally, the distribution of the specific form of the metals ( for Mn, Co, Ni, Cu and Pb) changed after bioaugmentation at Day 100.
Screening of Prevalence HBV and HCV from first six months of 2020 in Erbil province Kurdistan region /Iraq harem othman smail
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 5 No. (1) (2021): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v5i(1).12401

Abstract

Nowadays, infections of the HBV and HCV are one of the major global public health problem. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV virus from the first six months of 2020 in the of Erbil province, Kurdistan region of Iraq. Also associations between the prevalence of HBV and HCV in different age groups, has been established. The study was conducted on (101) individuals (63 males and 38 females), of different aged population groups, in Erbil city from beginning of January 2020 to the end of June 2020. To detect the positive results of both HBV and HCV (VL), all samples subjected to detect their viral load by GeneXpert (RT PCR or RTqPCR). Out of (101) samples, 24(%23.76) of HBV and 7(%6.93) for HVC in both sex were detect positive respectively. Prevalence of both HBV and HCV was highest in males than females. Also the highest percentage of HBV found between (19-40) years, 12(%19.04) in males and 5(%13.15) in females. In addition highest number of HCV positive was found between (41-60) years, which 2(%3.17) and 2(%5.26) for males and females respectively, while opposite results were found from other aged groups
Growth response and nutrient utilization of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings exposed to Dichlorvos Abdulwakil Saba; Ramota Tahir; Emeka Ndimele; Musa Ibrahim
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 5 No. (1) (2021): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v5i(1).12608

Abstract

Organophosphate pesticides exert neurotoxicity by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in animals. Early-life exposure to agrochemicals affects growth performance and survival of non-target aquatic resources. In this study, lethal and growth responses of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings exposed to Dichlorvos (2, 2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate or DDVP), commonly known as ‘Sniper’ or ‘Ota-piapia’ in Nigeria were evaluated. The acute toxicity test shows that the mortality recorded after every 24 hours was concentration-dependent. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of DDVP on C. gariepinus fingerlings at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours post-exposure (hpe) were 3.30 mg/L (3.197 to 3.441; R2 = 0.964), 2.30 mg/L (1.844 to 2.518; R2 = 0.866), 2.27 mg/L (2.117 to 2.373; R2 = 0.959) and 1.88 mg/L (0.7704 to 2.211; R2 = 0.74), respectively. After a feeding trial experiment on post-exposed fingerlings, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the feed intake of the control and DDVP exposed groups. Except for protein intake, significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in the growth and nutrient utilization parameters. The findings of this study reveal that C. gariepinus fingerlings could recover after acute exposure to Dichlorvos at different concentrations.
MICROBIAL AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF SOIL AND WATER AROUND WASTE DUMP SITES Hilda Emmanuel-Akerele; Favour Peter
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 5 No. (1) (2021): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v5i(1).13275

Abstract

In Nigeria, the reliance on sanitary landfills is a common phenomenon in the disposal of waste materials. The aim of the study was to ascertain the physicochemical and microbiological effect landfill has on its surrounding soil and water. Four water samples and five soil samples were collected each from Ile-Epo and Legacy dumpsites and the adjoining areas. Physicochemical parameters determined were temperature, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), and electrical conductivity. Most of these parameters indicated pollution but were below the World Health Organization (WHO) limits for consumption in the water. Microbiological analysis was carried out using standard microbiological procedures. The mean bacteria count and fungal count for water and soil samples are 26.41 CFU/mL and 10.00 CFU/mL; and 26.30 and 14.50 (CFU/G) respectively. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the bacterial isolates against conventional antibiotics displayed varying degree of susceptibility and resistance; the bacterial contaminants were susceptible to Augmentin, Gentamycin and Chloramphenicol and resistant to Pefloxacin, Amoxacilin, Tarivid, Streptomycin, Sparfloxacin and Ciprofloxacin. The results obtained in this study showed that the leachate generated from the landfill site has a minimal impact on the groundwater and soil quality in the locality.
Evaluation of the potentials of Bacillus subtilis KM16 and Pseudomonas sp. PAP 26 isolated from the hot spring and crater lakes as antibiofilm agents Stella Magdalena; Fabiola Giovani; Yogiara Yogiara
International Journal of Applied Biology Vol. 5 No. (1) (2021): International Journal of Applied Biology
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v5i(1).13429

Abstract

Bacteria can interact with each or other microorganisms by releasing, sensing, and reacting to small diffusible chemical signal molecules to alter their community behavior. This process, termed quorum sensing, is influenced by density of other bacteria that present in the environment. One example as a result of this process is the formation of biofilm. Biofilm consists of bacterial communities that attach to a surface and envelope themselves in secreted polymers. This formation can be beneficial to pathogenic bacteria because they become highly resistant to antibiotics and human immunity. Thus, antibiofilm agents that can inhibit biofilm formation are needed. The objective of this study were to screen and evaluate bacteria from hot spring and crater lakes that have antibiofilm activity against pathogenic bacteria. In this study, 26 isolates were successfully obtained and tested for quorum sensing and quorum quenching activities. Based on the result, two isolates, which were KM16 and PAP26, were found to have quorum quenching activity. Further research showed that KM16 and PAP26 had antibiofilm activity against more than six pathogenic bacteria. From characterization of the bioactive compounds, it is known that different compound from KM16 and PAP26 have different activity against each pathogen. In molecular identification, isolates KM16 and PAP26 were identified as Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas sp. through molecular identification.

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