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Literatur Review Analisis Jenis, Penyebab, dan Mitigasi Kerusakan Peti Kemas pada Proses Bongkar Muat Ruslin; Da'i Safrudin; Nur Fadilah
Journal Marine Inside Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Politeknik Pelayaran Banten

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62391/ejmi.v7i2.161

Abstract

Peti kemas merupakan komponen vital dalam sistem logistik dan rantai pasok maritim karena perannya dalam menjamin efisiensi, keamanan, dan standardisasi distribusi barang. Namun, proses bongkar muat di pelabuhan masih sering dihadapkan pada berbagai permasalahan teknis dan operasional yang berpotensi menyebabkan kerusakan peti kemas dan menurunkan keandalan operasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis kerusakan peti kemas, menganalisis faktor-faktor penyebabnya, serta merumuskan strategi mitigasi yang dapat diterapkan dalam proses bongkar muat di pelabuhan. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dengan teknik purposive sampling terhadap 20 artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan pada periode 2005–2025 dan bersumber dari jurnal nasional maupun internasional bereputasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis isi dan analisis tematik, serta diperkuat dengan triangulasi sumber untuk meningkatkan validitas temuan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kerusakan peti kemas dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam tiga kategori utama, yaitu kerusakan struktural, kerusakan fungsional, dan kerusakan spesifik atau elektronik, khususnya pada reefer container. Faktor penyebab dominan meliputi kesalahan manusia, kondisi teknis peralatan bongkar muat, pengaruh lingkungan, ketidakefisienan sistem kerja, serta keterbatasan teknologi monitoring. Strategi mitigasi yang direkomendasikan mencakup peningkatan kompetensi operator, inspeksi dan pemeliharaan rutin, penguatan penerapan SOP keselamatan, serta integrasi teknologi deteksi dini berbasis sensor, RFID, dan kecerdasan buatan. Studi ini menegaskan pentingnya pendekatan integratif yang mengombinasikan aspek manusia, teknis, dan teknologi guna meningkatkan keselamatan, efisiensi, dan keandalan operasional bongkar muat peti kemas di pelabuhan.   Containers play a critical role in modern maritime logistics by ensuring efficiency, safety, and standardization in cargo distribution. However, loading and unloading operations at ports are frequently affected by technical and operational challenges that may result in container damage and reduced operational reliability. This study aims to identify the types of container damage, analyse the underlying causal factors, and formulate effective mitigation strategies applicable to port loading and unloading activities. A literature review method was employed using purposive sampling of 20 scientific articles published between 2005 and 2025, sourced from reputable national and international journals. Data were analysed using content analysis and thematic analysis, supported by source triangulation to enhance the validity of the findings. The results indicate that container damage can be classified into three main categories: structural damage, functional damage, and specific or electronic damage, particularly in refrigerated containers. The dominant causal factors include human error, technical conditions of handling equipment, environmental influences, inefficient work systems, and limited monitoring technologies. Recommended mitigation strategies include improving operator competence, implementing routine inspection and maintenance, strengthening safety standard operating procedures, and integrating early detection technologies based on sensors, RFID, and artificial intelligence. This study highlights the importance of an integrated approach that combines human, technical, and technological aspects to improve safety, efficiency, and operational reliability in port container handling operations.
EFEKTIVITAS PELICAN CROSSING SEBAGAI MEDIA PENYEBERANGAN Andrean Fauba; Galih Rio Prayogi; Yuliyanto Andry; Michael; Detha Sekar Langit Wahyu Gutama; Ruslin
RENOVASI : Rekayasa Dan Inovasi Teknik Sipil Vol 10 No 2 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineer, Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30738/renovasi.v10i1.18226

Abstract

Based on direct observations at the pelican crossing located on Jalan Raden Intan, Bandar Lampung, despite the presence of pedestrian crossing facilities, many vehicle users do not stop or give way to pedestrians. Additionally, there are issues with pedestrian behavior, including disorderly crossing. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the effectiveness of the pelican crossing on Jalan Raden Intan, Bandar Lampung, based on public perceptions, pedestrian crossing volume, the impact of traffic on pedestrians, the adequacy of crossing facilities, and to propose improvements for the pelican crossing. The analysis was conducted using questionnaires with indicators of safety, comfort, security, convenience, and accessibility. Effectiveness analysis was performed using PV2 calculations and traffic impact analysis on pedestrians. The results from the questionnaires indicated that the pelican crossing is very ineffective in terms of safety, comfort, security, convenience, and accessibility. The PV2 value of 1.46 x 109 suggests that Jalan Raden Intan, Bandar Lampung, requires a pelican crossing with a waiting area. The effectiveness analysis yielded scores of 54.66% and 50.44%, indicating that the pelican crossing at the observed location is categorized as ineffective. The traffic impact analysis showed that vehicle speeds before, during, and after the crossing do not decrease significantly, only reducing the speed of vehicles in the presence of pedestrians. Recommendations from this study include planning pedestrian crossings for individuals with special needs.