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All Journal Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences The Journal of Experimental Life Sciences (JELS) Biotropika Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences (MCBS) Makara Journal of Science Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia Annales Bogorienses

Rifa'i, Muhaimin

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Author-ID : 1097221

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Dentistry Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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The effect of Phyllanthus niruri and Catharanthus roseus on Macrophage Polarization in Breast Cancer Mice Model: The Effect of P. niruri and C. roseus in Breast Cancer Mice Model Sakti, Sefihara Paramitha; Sari, Fikriya Novita; Rachmawati, Farida; Widyarti, Sri; Rahayu, Sri; Soewondo, Aris; Jatmiko, Yoga Dwi; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.01.03

Cancer death cases have increased yearly, and there are estimated to be 21.6 million cancer cases in 2030. Studies of herbal compounds for cancer treatment alternatives are essential because cancer treatment is relatively expensive and has adverse effects. Phyllanthus niruri (Pn) and Catharanthus roseus (Cr) are plants that are known as herbal medicines. Combining the two plants is expected to prevent and enhance the immune system in breast cancer cases. This study aims to analyze the anti-cancer and immunomodulatory effects of P. niruri and C. roseus extract (PCE) in modulating macrophage polarization in breast cancer mice. Experimental animals are divided into six groups and there is healthy control (normal mice), cancer (DMBA-induced mice), cancer mice with cisplatin administration, cancer mice with PCE administration with three different doses, including dose 1 (500 mg/kg Pn + 15 mg/kg Cr), dose 2 (1000 mg/kg Pn + 75 mg/kg Cr), and dose 3 (2000 mg/kg Pn + 375 mg/kg Cr). The mice were injected with DMBA once a week for six weeks to induce cancer in mice. The breast cancer mice model was administered with PCE orally for 14 days. The expression of CD11b+IL-10+ and CD11b+IFN-γ+ demonstrated macrophage polarization. The results showed that breast cancer induction using DMBA increased the level of IL-10 and decreased the level of IFN-γ significantly compared to the normal group (p < 0.05). In specific doses, administration of PCE could reduce IL-10 levels and increase the level of IFN-γ significantly (p < 0.05). PCE can modulate the polarization of macrophages by suppressing the M2-like macrophage and increasing the M1-like macrophage. The ability of PCE to modulate macrophage polarization indicates that the combination of P. niruri and C. roseus has activity as an anti-cancer.

Antioxidant Activity of Baby Java Citrus Peel Extract Promotes Lung Tissue Repair in Mice Challenged by Lipopolysaccharides: Antioxidant Activity of BJE Promotes Lung Tissue Repair Rachmawati, Farida; Sari, Fikriya Novita; Sakti, Sefihara Paramitha; Sakti, Muhammad Wisam Wira; Rahayu, Sri; Soewondo, Aris; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.03

Acute lung injury tends to be induced by infection or sepsis that disrupt alveolar and vascular permeability, neutrophil influx, and edema. Those impairments are worsened by the increase of oxidative stress along with hyperinflammation response. Oxidative stress in lung tissue could be indicated by malondialdehyde (MDA) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression. This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Baby Java citrus peel extract (BJE) in suppressing oxidative stress and preventing lung injury in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced mice. Twenty-five male BALB/c mice were divided into five groups consisting of untreated (N), LPS (A), and LPS-induced followed by treatment using BJE at various doses: 75 mg/kg BW (BJE-1), 105 mg/kg BW (BJE-2), and 150 mg/kg BW (BJE-3). Lungs were isolated for histopathological analysis also detection of MDA and Nrf2 using flow cytometry. BJE at the dose of 105 mg/kg BW could inhibit the alteration of lung histology following LPS challenge including alveolar and interstitial neutrophil infiltration, proteinaceous debris, and septal thickening. The same dose also showed good potency in suppressing MDA and Nrf2 levels as oxidative stress indicators. Our findings demonstrated protective effects of Baby Java citrus peel in acute lung injury and oxidative stress prevention after LPS exposure.

Employing SecA Recombinant Protein to Generate Polyclonal Antibodies for the Rapid Identification of Phytoplasma Fatinah, Arik Arubil; Rifa'i, Muhaimin; Arumingtyas, Estri Laras; Widyarti, Sri
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 29, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Phytoplasma, a plant pathogen that threatens plant health, can induce diseases such as yellow wilt, virescence, phyllody, and witches’ broom. Although early detection methods using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies have been developed, synthetic peptides offer advantages such as higher titers, predictable antigenic characteristics and superior sensitivity and specificity. Epitope mapping plays a key role in designing peptide antigens and includes gene synthesis, transformation, expression assessment, large-scale production, and purification. A study using New Zealand male White rabbits was conducted to generate antibodies against phytoplasma. The SecA (395–470) sequence, obtained from the preprotein translocase meets the criteria of being non-homologous, nonallergic, and antigenic. The three-dimensional structure of SecA (395–470) has a sequential similarity of 77–97% with certain phytoplasma types, and the protein purity exceeds 90%. The production of polyclonal antibodies was successful, achieving titers greater than 1:512,000. The SWISS model was used to predict the 3D structure of SecA in phytoplasma species, revealing structural homology with other phytoplasma species. The recombinant protein antigen SecA was able to induce high-titer antibody formation (>1:512.000). The developed lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) detects phytoplasma in plants using purified and conjugated antibodies. The peptide design, derived from Aster yellows witches-broom (SrI), effectively detects phytoplasma from various groups, especially Cactus witches’ broom phytoplasma (SrII-C) and Peanut witches’ broom phytoplasma (SrII-A). The SrI group phytoplasma was chosen as a reference sequence due to its` ability to infect plants across the broadest host range. LFIA was tested on samples from both phytoplasma-infected and healthy plants using nested PCR. The SecA sequence was successfully produced and used as an immunogen candidate against phytoplasmas.

Expression of IL-6 on Breast Cancer Mice Treated by Combination of Phyllanthus Urinaria and Catharanthus roseus Extract Shofiyah, aya; Djati, Mohammad Sasmito; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.02.03

Breast cancer is one kind of cancer that can cause the death in women. Although, many kind of treatment have done to suppress the growth of breast cancer case, but the number of case still increased. Chemotherphy is one kind of treatment used to suppress breast cancer case. But it is known that can give many poor effect. So it need to get an alternative treatment such as using a herbal plant as medicine as Phyllanthus urinaria and Catharanthus roseus. This research aimed to study the effect of Phyllanthus urinaria and Catharanthus roseus on IL-6 expressed by CD11bin breast cancer model.this research using RAL divided into 6 group as Normal group (N), cancer group (K), Cisplatin treatment (C), Dose 1 (D1) (Phyllanthus urinaria 500 mg/kg weight and Catharanthus roseus 15 mg/kg weight), dose 2 (D2) (Phyllanthus urinaria 1000 mg/kg weight and Catharanthus roseus 75 mg/kg weight) and dose 3 (D3) (Phyllanthus urinaria 2000 mg/kg weight and Catharanthus roseus 375 mg/kg weight). Â the mice had inject by DMBA in 0,015 mg/kg weight in six week. The combination of Phyllanthus urinaria and Catharanthus roseus were administrated orally in two weeks. The expression of IL-6 expressed by CD11b ws analysed by flow cytometry. Data analysed by SPPSS in one way ANOVA and tukey test. Based on result, it showed that dose 3 is the optimal dose to suppress the growth of cancer cells based on IL-6 expression. All of the dose used can suppress the growth of IL-6. Â Â Keywords: Breast cancer, Catharanthus roseus, IL-6, machrophage, Phyllanthus urinaria

Probiotic-Green Tea Yoghurt on Improving Testicular Histology of High-fat and Fructose Diet Mice Izati, Rahmi; Al Faizah, Belinda Nabiila; Fadlilah, Dawama Nur; Kavitarna, Septhyanti Aprilia; Sa'adah, Nur Alfi Maghfirotus; Ardiansyah, Esha; Atho'illah, Mochammad Fitri; Arifah, Siti Nur; Rifa'i, Muhaimin; Jatmiko, Yoga Dwi; Rahayu, Sri
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 14, NUMBER 2, AUGUST 2024
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

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An unhealthy lifestyle can cause changes in the body's metabolism, leading to obesity. The development of obesity is supported by a disturbance in gut microbiota balance that triggers visceral fat deposition in organs such as the testes. Excess fat deposition triggers inflammation, dysfunction, and high ROS production that can damage testicular tissue. Yoghurt, a fermented milk product fortified with green tea, is high in antioxidants that can help reduce excess ROS. Adding encapsulated probiotics in yoghurt can stabilize the gut microbiota in obesity so that dysbiosis can be resolved. This study was conducted to determine the potential of green tea-probiotic yoghurt (GTY) on testicular tissue repair in mice fed a high-fat and fructose diet (HFFD). The research procedure includes feeding HFFD for 3 months, calculating the Lee index, lactic acid bacteria preparation, microencapsulated probiotics, yoghurt preparation, treatment, data collection, including relative weight of testes, the diameter of seminiferous tubules (DST), the epithelium thickness (ET), the number of Leydig cells (LC), and the number of spermatogenic cells. The mice groups were divided into normal (P0), HFFD (P1), HFFD + simvastatin 1.3 mg/Kg BW (P2), HFFD + plain yoghurt 5 g/Kg BW (P3), HFFD + GTY 2.5 g/Kg BW (P4), HFFD + GTY 5 g/Kg BW (P5), and HFFD + GTY 10 g/Kg BW (P6). The results showed that green tea infusion yoghurt with encapsulated probiotics could improve the structure of testicular tissue in mice after HFFD administration. The most effective dose is green tea yoghurt 5 g/Kg BW.

Protective Effect of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells on Mice Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis Rifa'i, Muhaimin
Annales Bogorienses Vol. 15 No. 1 (2011): Annales Bogorienses
Publisher : BRIN

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Naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells, a component of the innate immune response which play a key role in the maintenance of self-tolerance, have become the focus of numerous studies over the last decade. These cells have the potential to be exploited to treat autoimmune disease. These cells inhibit the immune response in an antigen-nonspecific manner by interacting with other T cells. These T cell populations actively control the properties of other immune cells by suppressing their functional activity to prevent autoimmunity but also influence the immune response to allergens as well as against tumor cells and pathogens. In this experiment we showed that induced regulatory T cells have a protective effect on mice model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA mice which were injected intraperitoneally with Andrographis paniculata substrate or injected with induced regulatory T cells showed the effects of recovery. We further showed that the generation of leukocyte including B cells can be promoted by the administration of A. paniculata substrate. Tissue damage from free radicals that arise due to imperfect metabolism can be prevented by such treatment in RA model mice. Recovery effects occurred in RA model mice involves the increasing number of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells.

Development of a Stable CHO Cell Line for High-Level Expression and Purification of Recombinant Darbepoetin Alfa Widekdo, Dwi purno; Widodo, Nashi; Rifa'i, Muhaimin; Jatmiko, Yoga Dwi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 15 No. 3
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.15.03.12

Recombinant Darbepoetin alfa (DARB), an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent, is widely used in treating anemia linked to chronic kidney disease and chemotherapy. This study presents a systematic approach for developing a high-yield, stable Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line capable of producing recombinant DARB. A codon-optimized gene construct under dual CMV/EF1α promoters and puromycin resistance selection was transfected into CHO cells. To isolate high-producing monoclonal populations, transfected cells were subjected to limiting dilution cloning in 96-well plates, allowing single-cell-derived colonies to expand and be individually assessed. Clone DARV IV Pool 2 Clone 2E6 demonstrated the highest and most consistent DARB expression, validated through Western blot using anti-human EPO antibodies. The culture supernatant underwent two-step clarification via centrifugation and tangential flow filtration (TFF), followed by purification using anion-exchange chromatography on a HiTrap Q HP column. Gradient elution enabled effective separation, with SDS-PAGE and Western blot confirming high purity and molecular integrity of the recombinant protein. Variability in clone expression highlighted the influence of genomic integration sites and potential epigenetic silencing, emphasizing the importance of screening and stability validation. This study demonstrates that rational vector design, antibiotic-based clone selection, and robust purification strategies can produce CHO-derived DARB suitable for large-scale production. The integrated workflow supports scalability, product consistency, and regulatory readiness for biosimilar therapeutic manufacturing

Perkembangan Sel T Regulator Periferal dan Mekanisme Supresi in vitro Rifa'i, Muhaimin
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 1 No. 1 (2011)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Sel T regulator yang ditandai dengan CD4+CD25+Foxp3 memegang peranan kunci pada sistem toleran tubuh. Sel T regulator ini diperlukan untuk mengendalikan sel efektor yang teraktivasi. Sel T regulator melakukan fungsinya sebagai pengendali sel efektor dan pembentuk sistem toleran dengan cara tidak hanya sebagai supresor namun juga pengatur sistem homeostasis. Sel T regulator mempunyai daya kendali terhadap sel lain yang terlibat pada sistem imun. Kemampuan mengendalikan sel lain ini mutlak diperlukan untuk menghindari terjadinya penyakit autoimun dan penolakan transplantasi. Kerja sel T regulator mempengaruhi respon imun terhadap alergen namun melemahkan sel efektor melawan sel tumor dan patogen. Di samping itu pada beberapa kasus diketahui bahwa sel T regulator juga menyebabkan sel efektor kehilangan fungsinya. Sampai sekarang mekanisme kerja sel T regulator secara seluler dan molekuler belum sepenuhnya diketahui, namun ada bukti tentang pentingnya sel ini dari banyak aspek biologi. Pengetahuan tentang adanya strategi mengaktifkan dan menginduksi munculnya sel T regulator dari sel T konvensional membuka kemungkinan untuk melakukan rerkayasa in vivo sebagai langkah imunoterapi khususnya pada model penyakit autoimun. Bahasan saat ini merangkum pengetahuan tentang sel T regulator sebagai imunoterapi dan harapan dimasa depan terhadap pemanfaatan sel ini.Kata kunci: autoimun, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+, sel efektor, Sel T regulator

Profil Gr-1 dan CD34 Mencit yang Diinfeksi Staphylococcus aureus Pacsa Pemberian Ekstrak Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) Faroka, Dia; Rahayu, Sri; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

S. aureus menyebabkan berbagai macam penyakit infeksi sistemik, seperti endokarditis, osteomielitis, sindrom kulit melepuh, pneumonia dan penyakit Toxic Shock Syndrom (TSS). Faktor virulen S. aureus dapat menginduksi peningkatan neutrofil, inflamasi, serta menstimulasi sel T sehingga terjadi sekresi citokin proinflamasi secara besar-besaran. S. aureus resisten terhadap antibiotic sehingga mendorong masyarakat untuk mencari tanaman obat tradisional. Tanaman obat lebih efektif, efek samping lebih kecil, dan harga lebih murah dibandingkan obat sintetik. M. citrifolia dijadikan bahan alternatif pengobatan karena memiliki potensi sebagai anti mikroba, anti kanker, anti inflamasi dan antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil Gr-1 dan CD34 mencit yang diinfeksi S. aureus pacsa pemberian ekstrak air buah mengkudu (M. citrifolia). Penelitian menggunakan RAL factorial. Terdapat 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok non infeksi dan infeksi. Kedua kelompok diberi ekstrak air buah M. citrifolia dengan dosis berturut-turut 25 mg/kgBB, 100 mg/kgBB, dan 300 mg/kgBB selama 20 hari kemudian diinfeksi S. aureus sebanyak 1 x 109 sel. Deteksi jumlah relatif Gr-1 dan CD34 menggunakan Flow cytometry, dianalisis dengan progam CellQuest dan dilakukan uji statistik ANOVA dan uji BNJ menggunakan progam SPSS 16. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, Pada kelompok non infeksi terjadi peningkatan Gr-1 pada dosis 100 mg/kgBB, dosis 25 mg/kgBB dan 100 mg/kgBB serta terjadi peningkatan dan penurunan CD34 secara signifikan (P<0.05). Pada kelompok Infeksi terjadi penuruan Gr-1 pada dosis 300 mg/kgBB, dan peningkatan CD34 pada dosis 100 mg/kgBB. Penurunan Gr-1 dimungkinkan karena senyawa M. citrifolia yang berperan sebagai anti inflamasi. Kata kunci: Morinda citrifolia, Staphylococcus aureus, Gr-1, CD34

Aktivitas Imunomodulator Polyscias obtusa Terhadap Sistem Imunitas Pada Bone Marrow Broiler Setelah Pemberian Salmonella typhimurium Kurnianingtyas, Erin; Djati, Muhammad Sasmito; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Antibiotik banyak dimasukkan dalam pakan ternak untuk menanggulangi penyakit ternak, namun pemberian antibiotik dalam waktu lama dapat menyebabkan resistensi dan juga residu bagi manusia. Polyscias obtusa memiliki senyawa saponin, tanin, dan flavonoid yang diduga sebagai imunomodulator dalam sistem imunitas tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh daun P. obtusa sebagai imunomodulator terhadap imunitas anak ayam broiler. Metode penelitian diantaranya uji konfirmasi bakteri, persiapan kultur bakteri dan daun P. obtusa, pembuatan pakan ransum dosis 1 (0.08%), dosis 2 (0.16%) dan dosis 3 (0.26%) dari daun P. obtusa, infeksi S. typhimurium 500 µl secara oral di hari ke-14, pembedahan pertama pada hari ke-24, pembedahan terakhir pada hari ke-34, sel limfosit diisolasi pada organ bone marrow dan diinkubasi dengan antibodi rat-anti-CD4+PE, rat-anti-CD8+ FITC, dan rat-anti-CD45+PerCP masing-masing sebanyak 50 µl kemudian dilakukan running flowcytometri. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan perlakuan yang paling menunjukkan dalam peningkatan sel limfosit adalah perlakuan yang diberi dosis daun P. obtusa, yaitu perlakuan pakan ransum dosis 0,08%, perlakuan pakan ransum dosis 0,16%, dan perlakuan pakan ransum dosis 0,26%. Jumlah relatif CD4+ mengalami peningkatan dengan hasil yang berbeda nyata. Sehingga dapat dibuktikan bahwa daun P. obtusa mampu berperan sebagai imunomodulator dalam sistem imunitas. Kata kunci : Ayam broiler, Polyscias obtusa, Salmonella typhimurium, sel

Co-Authors Ade MC Rohie, Ade MC Adharini, Wahyu Isnia Aisyah Zahroh Aden Al Faizah, Belinda Nabiila Al-Faizah, Belinda Nabiila Amrulloh, Harits Andi Rizki A, Pradana Andi Rizki Adi Pradana, Andi Rizki Adi Ardiansyah, Esha Aris Soewondo Askandar Tjokroprawiro Atho'illah, Mochammad Fitri Atho’illah, Mochammad Fitri Dia Faroka Dinia Rizqi Dwijayanti Djanggan Sargowo Djati, Mohammad Sasmito Elok Zubaidah Erin Kurnianingtyas Estri Laras Arumingtyas Fadlilah, Dawama Nur Farida Rachmawati, Farida Fatinah, Arik Arubil Indriya Rachmawati Izati, Rahmi Izzah, Fathiyah Nurul Kavitarna, Septhyanti Aprilia Khodijah, Riska Amalia Khoirin Maghfiroh Lestari, Noviana Dwi Maic Audo Lin Sihombing Moch Sasmito Djati Mutya Farsely Nashi Widodo Nilamsari, Ruri Vivian Novinda, Bella Sa'adah, Nur Alfi Maghfirotus Sakti, Muhammad Wisam Wira Sakti, Sefihara Paramitha Sampurna, Intan Sartika Risky Sari, Fikriya Novita Sartika, Intan Shinta Oktya Wardhani, Shinta Oktya Shofiyah, Aya SIMON BAMBANG WIDJANARKO Siti Nur Arifah, Siti Nur SRI RAHAYU Sri Widyarti Susanti, Winda Karina Sutiman B. Sumitro Totowiputro, Dicky Kurniawan Tsuboi, Hideo Wahyuningsih, Nadia Wardani, Bella Pradina Novinda Widekdo, Dwi purno Wisnu Barlianto YOGA DWI JATMIKO Yuyun Ika Christina Zamroni, Ahmad

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