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The effect of Phyllanthus niruri and Catharanthus roseus on Macrophage Polarization in Breast Cancer Mice Model: The Effect of P. niruri and C. roseus in Breast Cancer Mice Model Sakti, Sefihara Paramitha; Sari, Fikriya Novita; Rachmawati, Farida; Widyarti, Sri; Rahayu, Sri; Soewondo, Aris; Jatmiko, Yoga Dwi; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.01.03

Abstract

Cancer death cases have increased yearly, and there are estimated to be 21.6 million cancer cases in 2030. Studies of herbal compounds for cancer treatment alternatives are essential because cancer treatment is relatively expensive and has adverse effects. Phyllanthus niruri (Pn) and Catharanthus roseus (Cr) are plants that are known as herbal medicines. Combining the two plants is expected to prevent and enhance the immune system in breast cancer cases. This study aims to analyze the anti-cancer and immunomodulatory effects of P. niruri and C. roseus extract (PCE) in modulating macrophage polarization in breast cancer mice. Experimental animals are divided into six groups and there is healthy control (normal mice), cancer (DMBA-induced mice), cancer mice with cisplatin administration, cancer mice with PCE administration with three different doses, including dose 1 (500 mg/kg Pn + 15 mg/kg Cr), dose 2 (1000 mg/kg Pn + 75 mg/kg Cr), and dose 3 (2000 mg/kg Pn + 375 mg/kg Cr). The mice were injected with DMBA once a week for six weeks to induce cancer in mice. The breast cancer mice model was administered with PCE orally for 14 days. The expression of CD11b+IL-10+ and CD11b+IFN-γ+ demonstrated macrophage polarization. The results showed that breast cancer induction using DMBA increased the level of IL-10 and decreased the level of IFN-γ significantly compared to the normal group (p < 0.05). In specific doses, administration of PCE could reduce IL-10 levels and increase the level of IFN-γ significantly (p < 0.05). PCE can modulate the polarization of macrophages by suppressing the M2-like macrophage and increasing the M1-like macrophage. The ability of PCE to modulate macrophage polarization indicates that the combination of P. niruri and C. roseus has activity as an anti-cancer.
Antioxidant Activity of Baby Java Citrus Peel Extract Promotes Lung Tissue Repair in Mice Challenged by Lipopolysaccharides: Antioxidant Activity of BJE Promotes Lung Tissue Repair Rachmawati, Farida; Sari, Fikriya Novita; Sakti, Sefihara Paramitha; Sakti, Muhammad Wisam Wira; Rahayu, Sri; Soewondo, Aris; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.03

Abstract

Acute lung injury tends to be induced by infection or sepsis that disrupt alveolar and vascular permeability, neutrophil influx, and edema. Those impairments are worsened by the increase of oxidative stress along with hyperinflammation response. Oxidative stress in lung tissue could be indicated by malondialdehyde (MDA) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression. This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Baby Java citrus peel extract (BJE) in suppressing oxidative stress and preventing lung injury in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced mice. Twenty-five male BALB/c mice were divided into five groups consisting of untreated (N), LPS (A), and LPS-induced followed by treatment using BJE at various doses: 75 mg/kg BW (BJE-1), 105 mg/kg BW (BJE-2), and 150 mg/kg BW (BJE-3). Lungs were isolated for histopathological analysis also detection of MDA and Nrf2 using flow cytometry. BJE at the dose of 105 mg/kg BW could inhibit the alteration of lung histology following LPS challenge including alveolar and interstitial neutrophil infiltration, proteinaceous debris, and septal thickening. The same dose also showed good potency in suppressing MDA and Nrf2 levels as oxidative stress indicators. Our findings demonstrated protective effects of Baby Java citrus peel in acute lung injury and oxidative stress prevention after LPS exposure.
Employing SecA Recombinant Protein to Generate Polyclonal Antibodies for the Rapid Identification of Phytoplasma Fatinah, Arik Arubil; Rifa'i, Muhaimin; Arumingtyas, Estri Laras; Widyarti, Sri
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 29, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Phytoplasma, a plant pathogen that threatens plant health, can induce diseases such as yellow wilt, virescence, phyllody, and witches’ broom. Although early detection methods using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies have been developed, synthetic peptides offer advantages such as higher titers, predictable antigenic characteristics and superior sensitivity and specificity. Epitope mapping plays a key role in designing peptide antigens and includes gene synthesis, transformation, expression assessment, large-scale production, and purification. A study using New Zealand male White rabbits was conducted to generate antibodies against phytoplasma. The SecA (395–470) sequence, obtained from the preprotein translocase meets the criteria of being non-homologous, nonallergic, and antigenic. The three-dimensional structure of SecA (395–470) has a sequential similarity of 77–97% with certain phytoplasma types, and the protein purity exceeds 90%. The production of polyclonal antibodies was successful, achieving titers greater than 1:512,000. The SWISS model was used to predict the 3D structure of SecA in phytoplasma species, revealing structural homology with other phytoplasma species. The recombinant protein antigen SecA was able to induce high-titer antibody formation (>1:512.000). The developed lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) detects phytoplasma in plants using purified and conjugated antibodies. The peptide design, derived from Aster yellows witches-broom (SrI), effectively detects phytoplasma from various groups, especially Cactus witches’ broom phytoplasma (SrII-C) and Peanut witches’ broom phytoplasma (SrII-A). The SrI group phytoplasma was chosen as a reference sequence due to its` ability to infect plants across the broadest host range. LFIA was tested on samples from both phytoplasma-infected and healthy plants using nested PCR. The SecA sequence was successfully produced and used as an immunogen candidate against phytoplasmas.
Expression of IL-6 on Breast Cancer Mice Treated by Combination of Phyllanthus Urinaria and Catharanthus roseus Extract Shofiyah, aya; Djati, Mohammad Sasmito; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.02.03

Abstract

Breast cancer is one kind of cancer that can cause the death in women. Although, many kind of treatment have done to suppress the growth of breast cancer case, but the number of case still increased. Chemotherphy is one kind of treatment used to suppress breast cancer case. But it is known that can give many poor effect. So it need to get an alternative treatment such as using a herbal plant as medicine as Phyllanthus urinaria and Catharanthus roseus. This research aimed to study the effect of Phyllanthus urinaria and Catharanthus roseus on IL-6 expressed by CD11bin breast cancer model.this research using RAL divided into 6 group as Normal group (N), cancer group (K), Cisplatin treatment (C), Dose 1 (D1) (Phyllanthus urinaria 500 mg/kg weight and Catharanthus roseus 15 mg/kg weight), dose 2 (D2) (Phyllanthus urinaria 1000 mg/kg weight and Catharanthus roseus 75 mg/kg weight) and dose 3 (D3) (Phyllanthus urinaria 2000 mg/kg weight and Catharanthus roseus 375 mg/kg weight).  the mice had inject by DMBA in 0,015 mg/kg weight in six week. The combination of Phyllanthus urinaria and Catharanthus roseus were administrated orally in two weeks. The expression of IL-6 expressed by CD11b ws analysed by flow cytometry. Data analysed by SPPSS in one way ANOVA and tukey test. Based on result, it showed that dose 3 is the optimal dose to suppress the growth of cancer cells based on IL-6 expression. All of the dose used can suppress the growth of IL-6.   Keywords: Breast cancer, Catharanthus roseus, IL-6, machrophage, Phyllanthus urinaria
Probiotic-Green Tea Yoghurt on Improving Testicular Histology of High-fat and Fructose Diet Mice Izati, Rahmi; Al Faizah, Belinda Nabiila; Fadlilah, Dawama Nur; Kavitarna, Septhyanti Aprilia; Sa'adah, Nur Alfi Maghfirotus; Ardiansyah, Esha; Atho'illah, Mochammad Fitri; Arifah, Siti Nur; Rifa'i, Muhaimin; Jatmiko, Yoga Dwi; Rahayu, Sri
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 14, NUMBER 2, AUGUST 2024
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

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Abstract

An unhealthy lifestyle can cause changes in the body's metabolism, leading to obesity. The development of obesity is supported by a disturbance in gut microbiota balance that triggers visceral fat deposition in organs such as the testes. Excess fat deposition triggers inflammation, dysfunction, and high ROS production that can damage testicular tissue. Yoghurt, a fermented milk product fortified with green tea, is high in antioxidants that can help reduce excess ROS. Adding encapsulated probiotics in yoghurt can stabilize the gut microbiota in obesity so that dysbiosis can be resolved. This study was conducted to determine the potential of green tea-probiotic yoghurt (GTY) on testicular tissue repair in mice fed a high-fat and fructose diet (HFFD). The research procedure includes feeding HFFD for 3 months, calculating the Lee index, lactic acid bacteria preparation, microencapsulated probiotics, yoghurt preparation, treatment, data collection, including relative weight of testes, the diameter of seminiferous tubules (DST), the epithelium thickness (ET), the number of Leydig cells (LC), and the number of spermatogenic cells. The mice groups were divided into normal (P0), HFFD (P1), HFFD + simvastatin 1.3 mg/Kg BW (P2), HFFD + plain yoghurt 5 g/Kg BW (P3), HFFD + GTY 2.5 g/Kg BW (P4), HFFD + GTY 5 g/Kg BW (P5), and HFFD + GTY 10 g/Kg BW (P6). The results showed that green tea infusion yoghurt with encapsulated probiotics could improve the structure of testicular tissue in mice after HFFD administration. The most effective dose is green tea yoghurt 5 g/Kg BW.
Protective Effect of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells on Mice Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis Rifa'i, Muhaimin
Annales Bogorienses Vol. 15 No. 1 (2011): Annales Bogorienses
Publisher : BRIN

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Abstract

Naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells, a component of the innate immune response which play a key role in the maintenance of self-tolerance, have become the focus of numerous studies over the last decade. These cells have the potential to be exploited to treat autoimmune disease. These cells inhibit the immune response in an antigen-nonspecific manner by interacting with other T cells. These T cell populations actively control the properties of other immune cells by suppressing their functional activity to prevent autoimmunity but also influence the immune response to allergens as well as against tumor cells and pathogens. In this experiment we showed that induced regulatory T cells have a protective effect on mice model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA mice which were injected intraperitoneally with Andrographis paniculata substrate or injected with induced regulatory T cells showed the effects of recovery. We further showed that the generation of leukocyte including B cells can be promoted by the administration of A. paniculata substrate. Tissue damage from free radicals that arise due to imperfect metabolism can be prevented by such treatment in RA model mice. Recovery effects occurred in RA model mice involves the increasing number of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells.