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All Journal Bandung Conference Series : Sharia Economic Law
Sandy Rizki Febriadi
Prodi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Fakultas Syariah, Universitas Islam Bandung
Religion Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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Analisis Akad Ijarah Ala Al-Amal terhadap Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja Sepihak Ghaida Fairuz Zahran; Sandy Rizki Febriadi; Arif Rijal Anshori
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 159-166
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.19584

Abstract

Abstract. Unilateral termination of employment (PHK) at “X” Travel Service highlights major gaps in worker protection due to the absence of written contracts and minimal deliberation between employees and the company. This study aims to analyze such unilateral dismissals from the perspective of akad ijarah ala al-amal (Islamic law)), evaluating the consistency of these practices with the principles of justice and legal protection. A qualitative descriptive method with a normative-juridical approach was applied. Primary data were collected through interviews with affected employees and the company’s HR department. Secondary data were sourced from literature reviews and official legal documents. Analysis involved data reduction, descriptive exposition, and comparative assessment between sharia norms and positive law.The findings show that unilateral terminations without written agreements and proper deliberation violate core principles of justice both in the akad ijarah framework and national regulations, significantly undermining employees’ rights to wages and severance pay. The study recommends strengthening the use of written contracts, increasing legal literacy, and optimizing the role of mediation institutions in the resolution of employment disputes. The author expresses sincere gratitude to the academic supervisor, all sources, and contributors to this research. Abstrak. Pemutusan hubungan kerja (PHK) sepihak pada karyawan “X” Travel Service, dengan menyoroti celah perlindungan pekerja akibat tidak adanya kontrak kerja tertulis dan minimnya musyawarah antara pekerja dan perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis PHK sepihak dari perspektif akad ijarah ala al-amal (hukum Islam) serta menilai kesesuaian praktik tersebut dengan prinsip keadilan dan perlindungan hukum. Metode yang digunakan ialah kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara pada karyawan terdampak dan HRD perusahaan sebagai sumber primer, serta studi literatur dan dokumen hukum sebagai data sekunder. Analisis dilakukan dengan reduksi data, pemaparan deskriptif, serta komparasi norma syariah dan hukum positif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PHK sepihak tanpa kontrak dan tanpa prosedur musyawarah melanggar prinsip keadilan baik menurut akad ijarah maupun regulasi nasional, dengan imbas signifikan terhadap hak pekerja atas upah dan pesangon. Penelitian merekomendasikan penguatan kontrak tertulis, edukasi hukum, serta optimalisasi peran lembaga mediasi dalam penyelesaian sengketa ketenagakerjaan. Ucapan terima kasih disampaikan kepada dosen pembimbing, seluruh narasumber, dan pihak yang berkontribusi pada penelitian ini.
Analisis Fiqih Muamalah terhadap Jual Beli Bersyarat pada Praktik Jual Beli Tebus Murah di Ritel Modern Shafa Sahira; Sandy Rizki Febriadi; Arif Rijal Anshori
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 175-184
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.19618

Abstract

Abstract. The cheap redemption program is a promotional strategy used by modern retailers like Alfamart, Indomaret, and Yomart, allowing consumers to purchase selected products at lower prices after meeting a minimum spending requirement. Although widely practiced, the program raises questions from an Islamic legal perspective due to the conditions involved in the transaction. In fiqh muamalah, conditional sales are permissible if the conditions do not conflict with the contract's purpose and are free from prohibited elements such as gharar, riba, and tadlis. This study examines the implementation of conditional sales in cheap redemption programs and analyzes their compliance with Islamic principles. Using a descriptive qualitative method and field research approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and promotional documentation. Findings reveal that the redemption program is transparently communicated and understood by consumers. From the fiqh muamalah perspective, the practice is deemed valid as it aligns with the contract’s objectives, is based on mutual consent (an taradhin), and does not involve forbidden elements. Thus, the cheap redemption program qualifies as a legitimate conditional sale under Islamic commercial law. Abstrak. Program tebus murah merupakan strategi promosi yang umum diterapkan oleh ritel modern seperti Alfamart, Indomaret, dan Yomart. Program ini memungkinkan konsumen menebus produk tertentu dengan harga lebih murah setelah memenuhi jumlah pembelanjaan minimum. Dari perspektif hukum Islam, muncul pertanyaan mengenai keabsahan akad jual beli bersyarat yang diterapkan dalam program ini. Dalam fiqih muamalah, jual beli bersyarat diperbolehkan jika syaratnya tidak bertentangan dengan tujuan akad dan tidak mengandung unsur yang diharamkan seperti gharar, riba, atau tadlis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji praktik jual beli bersyarat dalam program tebus murah di ritel modern serta menilai kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip fiqih muamalah. Menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan lapangan, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme tebus murah dilakukan secara transparan dan disetujui konsumen. Berdasarkan analisis fiqih, program ini sah karena memenuhi prinsip an taradhin, mendukung tujuan akad, serta bebas dari unsur yang dilarang. Dengan demikian, program tebus murah dinilai sebagai praktik jual beli bersyarat yang diperbolehkan dalam Islam.
Analisis Undang-Undang No. 8 Tahun 2019 dan Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Nomor 83/DSN-MUI/VI/2012 pada Pencegahan Penipuan Travel Haji dan Umrah Berbasis Skema Ponzi Moh Azka Jaeni Albaihaqi; Sandy Rizki Febriadi; Neng Dewi Himayasari
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 201-208
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.19750

Abstract

Abstract. This research is motivated by the increasing number of fraud cases in the organization of Hajj and Umrah pilgrimages in Indonesia, particularly those involving Ponzi schemes. This scheme operates by offering extremely low-cost Umrah packages that do not reflect the actual operational costs, relying instead on funds from new registrants to finance the departure of earlier ones. In the short term, the system may appear functional, but it ultimately collapses when new participants stop joining. The First Travel and PT Solusi Balad Lumampah (SBL) cases are concrete examples that caused significant losses to thousands of prospective pilgrims. Beyond material losses, these scams also tarnish the spiritual values of the pilgrimage and erode public trust. The purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of Ponzi schemes in Hajj and Umrah travel services, and to examine the effectiveness of Law Number 8 of 2019 and the DSN-MUI Fatwa Number 83/DSN-MUI/VI/2012 in preventing such fraud. This study uses a qualitative approach through normative and empirical methods, including literature review and interviews with two licensed travel agencies: PT Gaido Bandung and PT Percikan Iman. Findings show weak oversight, low financial literacy, and poor understanding of Sharia contracts as key factors. Strengthening implementation requires collaboration among the government, businesses, society, and religious institutions. Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh maraknya kasus penipuan dalam penyelenggaraan ibadah haji dan umrah di Indonesia, terutama yang menggunakan skema Ponzi. Skema ini menghimpun dana dari jamaah dengan menawarkan paket murah yang tidak realistis, lalu menggunakan dana pendaftar baru untuk membiayai keberangkatan sebelumnya. Kasus First Travel dan PT Solusi Balad Lumampah (SBL) menjadi contoh konkret kerugian besar yang dialami ribuan jamaah. Selain kerugian materiil, skema ini juga mencederai nilai ibadah dan menurunkan kepercayaan masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis praktik skema Ponzi dalam perjalanan haji dan umrah serta mengkaji efektivitas Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2019 dan Fatwa DSN-MUI Nomor 83/DSN-MUI/VI/2012 dalam mencegah penipuan tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi normatif dan empiris, melalui kajian pustaka dan wawancara pada dua biro perjalanan resmi, yaitu PT Gaido Bandung dan PT Percikan Iman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lemahnya pengawasan, rendahnya literasi finansial, serta kurangnya pemahaman akad-akad syariah menjadi penyebab utama. Meskipun regulasi dan fatwa telah tersedia, implementasinya masih perlu diperkuat melalui kolaborasi antara pemerintah, masyarakat, pelaku usaha, dan lembaga keagamaan.
Analisis Pembatalan Transaksi Jual Beli Motor Bekas dalam Fiqih Muamalah Tasya Nur Oktaviani; Sandy Rizki Febriadi; Arif Rijal Anshori
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 209-218
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.19817

Abstract

Abstract. This research is motivated by the widespread practice of purchasing used motorcycles on credit, which has become an alternative form of vehicle ownership. Showroom Motor Bekas X is one of the businesses applying this system. A key issue arose when a customer canceled the transaction after using the motorcycle for four months, even though the sale was based on a murabahah contract, which is binding and cannot be unilaterally revoked after delivery. This study aims to examine the credit sale practices at the showroom and analyze the cancellation from the perspective of fiqh muamalah (Islamic commercial law). Using a qualitative descriptive method and a normative juridical approach, data were obtained through interviews with the showroom owner, employees, customers, and Islamic legal experts. The findings show that the murabahah contract was carried out transparently, with clear agreement on cost and profit margin. The down payment (‘urbun ) served as a non-refundable deposit if the buyer canceled after receiving the goods. In this case, the cancellation happened after four months of use, rendering it invalid under Islamic law as ownership had transferred. However, the showroom returned the deposit to prevent greater losses, though this decision does not fully reflect ideal justice in fiqh muamalah. Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh maraknya praktik jual beli motor bekas secara kredit yang menjadi alternatif kepemilikan kendaraan bagi masyarakat. Showroom Motor Bekas X merupakan salah satu pelaku usaha yang menerapkan sistem tersebut. Permasalahan timbul ketika konsumen membatalkan transaksi setelah motor digunakan selama empat bulan, padahal transaksi dilakukan dengan akad murabahah yang bersifat mengikat dan tidak dapat dibatalkan sepihak setelah serah terima barang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui praktik jual beli kredit yang diterapkan serta menganalisis pembatalan transaksi dalam perspektif fiqih muamalah. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan normatif yuridis, melalui wawancara dengan pemilik showroom, karyawan, konsumen, dan ahli fiqih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akad murabahah dilakukan dengan transparansi harga pokok dan margin. Uang muka (‘urbun ) menjadi tanda jadi yang hangus bila pembeli membatalkan sepihak setelah barang diterima. Dalam kasus yang dikaji, pembatalan dilakukan setelah motor digunakan selama empat bulan, sehingga secara fiqih tidak sah karena hak milik telah berpindah. Meskipun begitu, showroom tetap mengembalikan uang muka demi menjaga aset, meski keputusan ini tidak sepenuhnya mencerminkan keadilan ideal menurut fiqih muamalah.
Praktek Jual Beli Mysteri Box Perspektif Fiqih Muamalah Vito Muhammad Alfarez; Sandy Rizki Febriadi; Maman Surahman
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 289-296
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.20199

Abstract

Abstract. The practice of buying and selling mystery boxes through the livestreaming feature on TikTok Shop is becoming increasingly popular, especially among the younger generation. However, from the perspective of Islamic financial jurisprudence (fikih muamalah), this practice raises issues, particularly concerning the clarity of the contract object (ma‘qūd ‘alayh), potential elements of gharar (uncertainty), and its inconsistency with the principle of justice in Islamic transactions. This research employs a normative juridical approach with qualitative methods, examining sources of Islamic law such as the Qur'an, Hadith, and the principles of ushul fiqh. The research findings indicate that mystery box transactions contain elements of gharar because the buyer does not know the contents of the items at the time of the contract. This uncertainty has the potential to harm one party and approaches the element of maysir (gambling), which is clearly prohibited in Islam. Therefore, this practice is considered invalid according to fikih muamalah. The study recommends the need for more extensive sharia education for the community and oversight from the relevant authorities. Abstrak. Praktik jual beli mystery box melalui fitur livestreaming di TikTok Shop kian populer, khususnya di kalangan generasi muda. Namun, dari perspektif fikih muamalah, praktik ini menimbulkan persoalan, terutama terkait kejelasan objek akad (ma‘qūd ‘alayh), potensi unsur gharar (ketidakjelasan), dan ketidaksesuaian dengan prinsip keadilan dalam transaksi Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan metode kualitatif, mengkaji sumber hukum Islam seperti Al-Qur’an, hadis, serta kaidah ushul fiqh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transaksi mystery box mengandung unsur gharar karena pembeli tidak mengetahui isi barang saat akad terjadi. Ketidakpastian ini berpotensi merugikan salah satu pihak dan mendekati unsur maysir (perjudian), yang jelas dilarang dalam Islam. Oleh karena itu, praktik ini dinilai tidak sah menurut fikih muamalah. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya edukasi syariah yang lebih masif kepada masyarakat dan pengawasan dari otoritas terkait agar transaksi digital tetap sesuai syariat. Selain itu, dibutuhkan peran aktif ulama, lembaga pendidikan, dan konten kreator Muslim untuk menyosialisasikan prinsip muamalah Islam di era digital yang terus berkembang.
Analisis Akad Istishna dan KUHPerdata Pasal 1320 terhadap Praktik Jual Beli Rumah Indent Devi Marvina; Sandy Rizki Febriadi; Maman Surahman
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 341-350
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.20760

Abstract

Abstract. This research is motivated by the widespread practice of indent house buying and selling offered with a sharia concept, but in practice various problems are found, especially defaults from developers who do not disburse funds to land owners and fail to complete house construction. The purpose of this research is to determine how the practice of indent house buying and selling in Housing X is carried out and to analyze its compliance with the istishna contract and Article 1320 of the Civil Code. This research uses a qualitative method with an empirical juridical approach. The object of the research is Housing X which is developed by a sharia developer, with data collection techniques through direct interviews with land owners, developers, and consumers. Data are analyzed through Islamic law and civil law approaches. The results of the research indicate that the practice of indent house buying and selling does not fully fulfill the requirements for a valid agreement and istishna contract, especially in the aspects of agreement clarity, building specifications, and handover time. This research concludes that the practice is not in accordance with the principles of muamalah fiqh or the provisions of the requirements for a valid agreement in civil law. Therefore, it is necessary to increase legal literacy and supervision from authorized institutions so that sharia principles are not misused merely as a marketing strategy. Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh maraknya praktik jual beli rumah secara indent yang ditawarkan dengan konsep syariah, namun dalam praktiknya ditemukan berbagai permasalahan, khususnya wanprestasi dari pihak developer yang tidak menyalurkan dana kepada pemilik lahan dan gagal menyelesaikan pembangunan rumah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana praktik jual beli rumah indent di Perumahan X dijalankan serta menganalisis kesesuaiannya dengan akad istishna dan KUHPerdata Pasal 1320. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris. Objek penelitian adalah Perumahan X yang dikembangkan oleh pihak developer syariah, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara langsung terhadap pemilik lahan, pihak developer, dan konsumen. Data dianalisis melalui pendekatan hukum Islam dan hukum perdata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik jual beli rumah indent tersebut tidak sepenuhnya memenuhi syarat sah perjanjian dan akad istishna, terutama dalam aspek kejelasan perjanjian, spesifikasi bangunan, dan waktu serah terima. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa praktik tersebut belum sesuai dengan prinsip fiqih muamalah maupun ketentuan syarat sah nya perjanjian dalam hukum perdata. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan literasi hukum serta pengawasan dari lembaga berwenang agar prinsip syariah tidak disalahgunakan sebagai strategi pemasaran semata.
Analisis Penerapan Asas Maslahat dalam Program BAZNAS Microfinance Desa Kota Bandung Meighina Multazam An-Nuur; Sandy Rizki Febriadi; Ira Siti Rohmah Maulida
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 351-360
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.20762

Abstract

Abstract. This study analyzes the implementation of the principle of maslahah in the BAZNAS Microfinance Desa (BMD) program in Tamansari Subdistrict, Bandung City, as a response to exploitative informal lending practices such as bank emok. Using a qualitative method with a normative-empirical approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and questionnaires involving 42 BMD partners. The findings show that the BMD program, based on the qardh al-hasan scheme, provides a positive impact on the economic independence of mustahik through interest-free financing and business mentoring. The program aligns with the maqashid shariah, particularly in protecting wealth (hifdz al-mal), and fulfills the levels of maslahah including dharuriyyat, hajiyyat, and tahsiniyyat. Despite challenges such as continued debt dependency, the program is generally perceived as more equitable and empowering compared to bank emok. This study contributes both theoretically and practically to the development of a sustainable and ethical Islamic economic empowerment model based on zakat. Abstrak. Penelitian ini menganalisis penerapan asas maslahat dalam program BAZNAS Microfinance Desa (BMD) di Kelurahan Tamansari, Kota Bandung, sebagai respons atas praktik pinjaman informal berbunga tinggi seperti bank emok. Menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan normatif-empiris, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan kuesioner terhadap 42 mitra BMD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program BMD yang berbasis pada skema qardh al-hasan mampu memberikan dampak positif terhadap kemandirian ekonomi mustahik melalui pembiayaan tanpa bunga dan pendampingan usaha. Program ini selaras dengan maqashid syariah, khususnya dalam perlindungan harta (hifdz al-mal), serta memenuhi tingkatan maslahat dari aspek dharuriyyat, hajiyyat, hingga tahsiniyyat. Meskipun masih ditemukan tantangan seperti praktik gali lubang tutup lubang, secara umum BMD dinilai lebih adil dan memberdayakan dibandingkan bank emok. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi teoretis dan praktis dalam pengembangan model pemberdayaan ekonomi syariah berbasis zakat yang berkelanjutan dan etis.
Tinjauan Maqashid Syariah terhadap Putusan Hakim di Pengadilan Agama Bandung Syahroyat; Sandy Rizki Febriadi; Arif Rijal Anshori
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 399-406
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.20897

Abstract

Abstract. This study highlights the importance of applying the principles of maqashid sharia in resolving sharia economic disputes in the Religious Court, so that the judge's decision not only fulfills the formal legal aspects, but also guarantees the benefit and justice for all parties. The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of the benefit of the Bandung Religious Court judge's decision in case Number 8/Pdt.G.S/2024/PA.Badg and assess the consistency of the decision with the principles of maqashid sharia. The framework refers to the five main objectives of maqashid sharia: preservation of religion (hifz ad-din), soul (hifz an-nafs), intellect (hifz al-aql), descendants (hifz an-nasl), and property (hifz al-mal), with a focus on property protection and contractual justice while considering the benefit and prevention of harm. A qualitative method with a normative juridical approach is used, relying on copies of decisions and interviews with judges. The results show that the judge's decision was not only based on legal formalities but also upheld the values of the maqasid sharia, particularly the dharuriyyat aspects such as protecting religion, life, and property. The decision affirmed the validity of the murabahah contract, protected creditors' rights, maintained the stability of Islamic financial institutions, and provided installment relief during the pandemic for the sake of justice and the benefit of all parties. Abstrak. Penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya penerapan prinsip maqashid syariah dalam penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah di Pengadilan Agama, agar putusan hakim tidak hanya memenuhi aspek legal formal, tetapi juga menjamin kemaslahatan dan keadilan bagi semua pihak. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis dampak kemaslahatan putusan hakim Pengadilan Agama Bandung dalam perkara Nomor 8/Pdt.G.S/2024/PA.Badg serta menilai konsistensi putusan itu dengan prinsip maqashid syariah. Kerangka berpikir mengacu pada lima tujuan utama maqashid syariah: pemeliharaan agama (hifz ad-din), jiwa (hifz an-nafs), akal (hifz al-aql), keturunan (hifz an-nasl), dan harta (hifz al-mal), dengan fokus pada perlindungan harta dan keadilan kontraktual serta mempertimbangkan kemaslahatan dan pencegahan mudharat. Metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif digunakan, mengandalkan salinan putusan dan wawancara hakim. Hasil menunjukan putusan hakim tidak hanya berdasarkan legal formalitas, tetapi juga menjunjung nilai maqashid syariah, khususnya aspek dharuriyyat seperti perlindungan agama, jiwa, dan harta. Putusan menegaskan keabsahan akad murabahah, melindungi hak kreditur, menjaga stabilitas lembaga keuangan syariah, dan memberikan keringanan angsuran selama pandemi demi keadilan dan kemaslahatan para pihak.
Co-Authors Arif Rijal Anshori Arya Leksana Azahra Khoerunisyani Chantallaysha Jasmine Davina Devi Marvina Dhea Andini Nathania Farhan Abdul Aziz Bunyamin Ghaida Fairuz Zahran Ghina Syakira Putri Wibowo Hedy Tri Bachtiar Ira Siti Rohmah Maulida Iwan Permana Liza Dzulhijjah Maman Surahman Meighina Multazam An-Nuur Moh Azka Jaeni Albaihaqi Muhammad Ghibral Thoriq 'Izzatulloh Neng Dewi Himayasari Novianti Nur Anisyah Shafa Sahira Siti Zahra Rahmawani Syahroyat Tasya Nur Oktaviani Vito Muhammad Alfarez