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Identitas Naratif Aktivis Perempuan: Rekonstruksi Pengalaman dan Orientasi dalam Gerakan Kesetaraan Gender di Bali I Made Anom Wiranata; Penny Kurnia Putri
Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): Volume 11 No 2 Oktober 2021
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JKB.2021.v11.i02.p01

Abstract

The struggle to change patriarchal ideology towards gender equality in Bali requires commitment, energy, and time. A number of women in Bali took positions and actions to be intensively engaged in the gender equality movement. The purpose of this research is to understand the narrative identity of gender equality activists in Bali. With phenomenology method, this study finds that the motivation to engage in the gender equality movement stems from the interpretation of personal observations on cases of discrimination and marginalization of women in their respective environments. This meaning becomes the basis of their identity as women activists. Political reforms and affirmative policies towards women are seen by them as opportunities to start taking part in or enlarging the gender equality movement. The meaning of self and value orientation underlies the choice to focus on the movement segment which includes gender education, legal case assistance, and socialization of gender equality norms.
Localization of Global Environmental Norm in Lamalera Whaling Tradition Putri, Penny Kurnia; Nugraha, Anak Agung Bagus Surya Widya
Global Strategis Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026): Global Strategis
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jgs.20.1.2026.193-220

Abstract

This research aims to examine the power relations among actors in the process of localizing global environmental norms and species protection, which clashes with traditional values.  The research uses a qualitative approach, drawing on primary data collected through structured discussions, in-depth interviews, and field observations. The analysis focuses on norm localization stages, framed within global environmentalism perspective, contextualized through aboriginal subsistence whaling and communal culture concepts. The findings suggest that the emergence of local resistance is a phase of norm localization theory that offers a framework for negotiating shared understandings. The tension between whaling tradition and marine conservation norms can be mediated through the alignment of global environmental objectives with subsistence-based cultural practices. The whaling tradition in Lamalera may be permitted, provided it adheres to subsistence-based criteria, including hunting periods, cetacean population, types of tools, and local consumptions. This recognition has implications for the exclusion of Lamalera waters from conservation zoning. Through mutual compromise, modified norms are then implemented via customary, local, and national regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, Indonesian government has enacted Leva Nuang as a national intangible cultural heritage, affirming the legitimacy of Lamalera's traditions within a broader framework of sustainable cultural practices. Keywords: Conservation, Environmentalism, Lamalera, Norm-localization, Whaling Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis relasi kuasa antaraktor dalam proses lokalisasi norma lingkungan dan pelindungan spesies yang berbenturan dengan norma tradisional. Pendekatan penelitian dilakukan secara kualitatif dan didukung oleh data primer, berupa diskusi terstruktur, wawancara mendalam, serta observasi lapangan. Pembahasan berfokus pada dinamika tahap lokalisasi norma yang dikaji secara teoritis melalui perspektif environmentalisme global, serta didukung oleh konsep aboriginal subsistence whaling dan konsep budaya komunal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa resistensi masyarakat yang muncul merupakan bagian proses lokalisasi norma untuk menciptakan ruang negosiasi. Benturan antara norma perburuan paus dengan norma konservasi laut kemudian dapat dikompromikan antarpihak melalui keselarasan kajian lingkungan global dan budaya subsisten. Tradisi masyarakat Lamalera dapat dilakukan selama praktiknya tetap sesuai dengan variabel kajian subsisten, meliputi periode waktu, kondisi mamalia laut, jenis alat yang digunakan, dan pola distribusi hasil. Pengakuan budaya subsisten atas tradisi ini berbanding lurus dengan kompromi pembebasan zona konservasi perairan. Masing-masing pihak mengompromikan normanya sehingga tercipta modifikasi norma yang disepakati dan dijalankan bersama melalui penerapan aturan atau sanksi adat, lokal, maupun nasional. Untuk menjaga komitmen sekaligus melestarikan budaya setempat, pemerintah Indonesia juga mengeluarkan kebijakan yang menetapkan Leva Nuang sebagai warisan budaya tak benda nasional. Kata-kata kunci: Environmentalisme, Konservasi, Lamalera, Lokalisasi Norma, Perburuan Paus