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Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of n-Hexane Extract of Bilajang Bulu (Merremia Vitifolia) Leaves Candra Yulius Tahya; Karnelasatri Karnelasatri
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 4, No 2 (2021): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v4i2.9427

One of the most effective treatments for diabetes mellitus is to inhibit α-glucosidase, which inhibits glucose absorption by the epithelium membrane of the small intestine. In South Sulawesi, Indonesia, Merremia vitifolia is used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes. The aims of this study are to (1) assess the extract's ability to inhibit α - glucosidase and (2) identify volatile organic compounds in n-hexane of Merremia vitifolia extract. Extraction was conducted by maceration. The inhibitory activity of quercetin towards α-glucosidase has the IC50 = 2.53 ± 0.16 µg/mL, and by n-Hexane extract of Merremia vitifolia leaves has the IC50 = 14.4 ± 1.52 µg/mL. Then, n-Hexane extract of Merremia vitifolia leaves has strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The compounds that have been identified based on Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis with similarity index ≥ 89% which are caryophyllene (0.94%), (E)-β-famesene (4.72%), neophytadiene (9.78%), phytol (65.94%), 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid (6.71%), 1,5-cyclodecadiene (6.76%), squalene (4.48%), stigmasterol (4.08%), γ-sitosterol (10.20%), Serratol (23.12%), vitamin E (2.78%) and lup-20(29)-en-3-one (21.04%). Based on a literature study, the presence of phytol, neophytadiene, β-caryophyllene, stigmasterol, γ-sitosterol, and lup-20(29)-en-3-one have contributed to the strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of n-Hexane extract of Merremia vitifolia leaves.

Adsorption of Copper Ion from Acidic Wastewater by Local Natural Zeolite Candra Yulius Tahya; Melanie Cornelia; Tagor M Siregar; Muhammad Ikhsan Taipabu
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 5, No 2 (2022): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v5i2.11714

Natural zeolites are available in Indonesia in very large quantities and are available in the market at very affordable prices. The use of zeolite has developed in various fields of industry, water treatment and wastewater treatment. The study on the ability of local natural zeolite to adsorb copper from acidic wastewater from a laboratory in Tangerang has been conducted. XRD data show that the local natural zeolite consists of mordenite as main mineral and quartz as an accessory mineral. Acid activation of zeolite with HCl 3 M could remove quartz impurities from natural zeolite based on XRD data. Mordenite is one of the most abundant zeolite minerals and commercially used for many purposes including adsorbents, catalyst, fertilizer, and gas separation. The crystallinity of mordenite decreases throughout the process of acid activation and calcination. The calcined zeolite has better copper adsorption ability compared to local natural zeolite without any treatment. The optimum copper adsorption percentage is 14.554% at solution pH of 0.3 by using 10 grams of calcined zeolite in 200 mL of wastewater solution.

Biosynthesis of Silver Microparticles Using Spondias Dulcis Fruit Peel Extract and Its Antibacterial Activity Girsang, Thereshia Margaretta; Purba, Elisabeth; Simamora, Adela Rosalia; Sihombing, Chatrina Yohana; Inabuy, Marchella; Tahya, Candra Yulius
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v7i2.22996

In recent decades, the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, along with various social and economic factors, have accelerated the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, both of which are Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. Silver particles (AgPs) have garnered significant research interest over the years due to their diverse biological activities, particularly their antibacterial properties. The green synthesis method for silver particles involves synthesizing silver metal particles using natural materials derived from organisms such as plants, resulting in particles that are less harmful to human cells but highly toxic to pathogenic bacteria. Kedondong (Spondias dulcis) is a tropical fruit widely grown in South and Southeast Asia. The peels of this fruit often become organic waste with limited utility. To explore the potential of kedondong fruit peels, this study investigated the synthesis of silver particles using their extract. The ethanolic extract of kedondong fruit peels was analyzed using LC-MS/MS-QTOF, identifying 5 alkaloids, 21 flavonoids, and 17 terpenoid compounds. The total flavonoid and phenolic contents of the extract were determined to be 1.8918 and 12.8104 mg/g of extract, respectively. The silver particles synthesized in this study had an average size of 4641.97 micrometers and a zeta potential of 40.2 mV, as determined by PSA, and were confirmed as silver particles through P-XRD phase analysis. These silver particles exhibited strong antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa, with an inhibition zone diameter of 19.43 mm, and moderate activity against K. pneumoniae, with an inhibition zone diameter of 11.50 mm, at a suspension concentration of 10 mg/mL. Notably, the P. aeruginosa strain used in this experiment was resistant to the antibiotic amoxicillin.

Biosynthesis of Silver Microparticles Using Spondias Dulcis Fruit Peel Extract and Its Antibacterial Activity Girsang, Thereshia Margaretta; Purba, Elisabeth; Simamora, Adela Rosalia; Sihombing, Chatrina Yohana; Inabuy, Marchella; Tahya, Candra Yulius
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v7i2.22996

In recent decades, the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, along with various social and economic factors, have accelerated the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, both of which are Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. Silver particles (AgPs) have garnered significant research interest over the years due to their diverse biological activities, particularly their antibacterial properties. The green synthesis method for silver particles involves synthesizing silver metal particles using natural materials derived from organisms such as plants, resulting in particles that are less harmful to human cells but highly toxic to pathogenic bacteria. Kedondong (Spondias dulcis) is a tropical fruit widely grown in South and Southeast Asia. The peels of this fruit often become organic waste with limited utility. To explore the potential of kedondong fruit peels, this study investigated the synthesis of silver particles using their extract. The ethanolic extract of kedondong fruit peels was analyzed using LC-MS/MS-QTOF, identifying 5 alkaloids, 21 flavonoids, and 17 terpenoid compounds. The total flavonoid and phenolic contents of the extract were determined to be 1.8918 and 12.8104 mg/g of extract, respectively. The silver particles synthesized in this study had an average size of 4641.97 micrometers and a zeta potential of 40.2 mV, as determined by PSA, and were confirmed as silver particles through P-XRD phase analysis. These silver particles exhibited strong antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa, with an inhibition zone diameter of 19.43 mm, and moderate activity against K. pneumoniae, with an inhibition zone diameter of 11.50 mm, at a suspension concentration of 10 mg/mL. Notably, the P. aeruginosa strain used in this experiment was resistant to the antibiotic amoxicillin.

MOLECULAR DOCKING OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF HEXAHYDRO-1,2,3-TRIAZINE DERIVATIVES Tahya, Candra Yulius; Irawati, Wahyu; Karnelasatri, Karnelasatri
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v8i2.26159

Hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine and its derivatives have piqued the interest of numerous researchers due to its strong biological characteristics, which include antibacterial, antimalarial, fungicidal, antiviral, anticancer, antimicrobial, antiamoebic, anti-inflammatory, and antitubercular effects. The antibacterial activity test in this work was performed using molecular docking on 16 hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine derivative compounds and three drug molecule controls that were selected from the PDB database and targeted Penicillin binding protein 2A (PDB ID: 1VQQ). For docking, Pyrx v.1.1's AutodockVina integration was utilized. Docking utilizing the targeted docking strategy was performed using a specific gridbox that was chosen based on the location of significant amino acids and pharmacological controls. The drug potential of a chemical under test is described by the Pa (Probability to be Active) value. The results of the Pa value analysis showed that several hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine derivative compounds had a higher/better average Pa value compared to the control drugs Ceftaroline and Ceftobiprole. Based on the Lipinski rule of five, the analysis's findings indicated that six out of the sixteen test compounds had good drug-likeness features; however, according to Pfizer, every compound possessed these qualities. Nearly all of the drugs exhibited good pharmacokinetics, according to the ADMET study. According to molecular docking results, 13 out of 16 synthesized compounds generally exhibit a high affinity for the PBP2a target protein. Furthermore, four compounds had a higher affinity than the ceftobiprole drug control when compared to the three drug controls. Synthetic compounds, particularly compounds 7, 16, 15, and 1, have the potential to be used as antibacterial therapies, according to the results of QSAR, ADMET, and docking research.

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