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All Journal Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) Indonesian Physical Review Kappa Journal SATUKATA: Jurnal Sains, Teknik, dan Studi Kemasyarakatan
Tjahyo Baskoro, Winardi
Program Studi Fisika, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics Other

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Development of Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Algorithm Based on Visible Spectrum Reflectance of Sentinel-2 Imagery (Case: in Suwung Estuary, Bali) I Made Yuliara; Ni Nyoman Ratini; Winardi Tjahyo Baskoro; Hendrata Wibisana
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 11 No 5 (2025): May
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v11i5.11039

Abstract

This study aims to develop and build a new algorithm model that is suitable for predicting the concentration and spatial distribution of total suspended solids (TSS) in the Suwung estuary in Bali based on the visible spectrum reflectance of Sentinel-2 imagery. A total of 20 water samples were taken at selected coordinates and the time coincided with the Sentinel-2 satellite recording the research location. The TSS concentration of the samples was measured in the laboratory (in-situ) and the bottom of atmosphere reflectance correction (  used the dark object substaction (DOS) method. The development used regression and correlation of in-situ data with imagery. Three algorithm models, namely Budhiman (2014), Guzman & Santaella (2009), and Parwati (2014) were used as an approach to developing a new TSS algorithm (AlgoNew), resulting in the Parwati model as the best model (MAPE = 3.889%, RMSE = 0.386 and R2 = 0.816). The result of AlgoNew model development is , where the MAPE is 3.315%, RMSE = 0.332 and R2 = 0.845. The analysis results show that AlgoNew has smaller errors, is more valid, has stronger correlations, and its implications are more representative and feasible to apply compared to Parwati's algorithm (2014).
Seismic Characteristics of Mount Agung during the October–November 2017 Period W.T. Baskoro; I.K. Putra; N.N. Wendri; I.N. Artawan; V.C.W. Putri; S. Sismanto
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 12 No 3 (2026)
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v12i3.13893

Abstract

Mount Agung, a prominent stratovolcano in Bali, Indonesia, exhibited a significant increase in volcanic activity between October and November 2017 after 54 years of dormancy. This study investigates the seismic characteristics of this unrest period using waveform and spectral analysis of data from three monitoring stations: Abang (ABNG), Cegi (CEGI), and Yeh Kori (YHKR). The results indicate that seismicity was dominated by intermediate-to-deep volcanic earthquakes (VA and VB types), reaching a peak on October 18, 2017, with 679 VA and 266 VB events recorded. Spectral analysis through Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) revealed dominant frequencies ranging from 3.8 to 10.1 Hz, representing brittle failure mechanisms within the rigid volcanic edifice. A critical transition was observed in late November, where discrete high-frequency events declined and were replaced by continuous volcanic tremors, signaling a shift from a closed to an open magmatic system. This "seismic lull" accompanied by tremor signals, indicates the establishment of a stable conduit, facilitating magma migration toward the surface. These findings underscore the importance of spectral characteristics and event-type transitions as vital precursors for eruptive forecasting and volcanic hazard mitigation.
Analisis Seismisitas dan Percepatan Tanah Maksimum untuk Evaluasi Risiko Gempabumi di Pulau Bali Periode Tahun 1980 - 2023 Adelia Wahyu Anjani; Winardi Tjahyo Baskoro; I Putu Dedy Pratama; I Nengah Artawan; Ni Luh Putu Trisnawati; I Wayan Supardi
Kappa Journal Vol 10 No 1 (2026): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v10i1.32793

Abstract

Bali Island is located in an active tectonic zone due to the meeting of the Indo-Australian and Eurasian Plates, thus experiencing significant seismic activity. This study aims to analyze the seismicity characteristics, distribution, and magnitude of peak ground acceleration (PGA), and evaluate earthquake risk in Bali Island. Earthquake data for the period 1980–2023 were analyzed based on spatial and temporal distributions and the Gutenberg-Richter equation to assess the relationship between earthquake frequency and magnitude. The analysis results show that Bali's seismicity is dominated by shallow earthquakes (<60 km) with moderate magnitudes (4.5 ≤ M < 6.0) to large magnitudes (M ≥ 6.0). The highest earthquake density is in the Central and Eastern regions of Bali with an earthquake density reaching 0.02 events/km². PGA values ​​range from low to exceed 0.4 g, especially in the Central and Southeast regions associated with active faults and the Southern subduction zone. These findings provide an important basis for spatial planning, earthquake-resistant building structure design, and earthquake risk mitigation strategies on the island of Bali.
Analisis Data Curah Hujan Hilang Menggunakan Metode Inversed Square Distance, Normal Ratio, Rata Rata Aljabar, Dan Kantor Cuaca Amerika Serikat Di Kabupaten Badung, Bali Periode 2014-2023 Kontardo Ferrino Nelumen Sargon; Winardi Tjahyo Baskoro; Pande Putu Hadi Wiguna
Kappa Journal Vol 10 No 1 (2026): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v10i1.33827

Abstract

Rainfall is one of the most important hydrological parameters; however, the availability of complete rainfall data is often constrained by missing records at observation stations. Therefore, rainfall estimation methods are required to maintain data continuity. This study aims to analyze the performance of several rainfall estimation methods and to evaluate the effects of distance and the number of rain gauge stations on the estimation results. This research employs a quantitative approach using monthly rainfall data from 2014 to 2023 obtained from five rain gauge stations located in Badung regency, Bali. The estimation methods applied in this study include the Inverse Square Distance method, Normal Ratio method, Arithmetic Mean method, and the United States Weather Bureau method. Data processing and analysis were conducted using Microsoft Excel. The performance of the estimation methods was evaluated using the Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and the correlation coefficient (R). The results indicate that all estimation methods produce very good correlation with the observed rainfall data, with correlation values ranging from 0.907837 to 0.999341. However, the correlation tends to decrease as the distance between rain gauge stations increases, and the addition of more stations does not necessarily improve the correlation linearly, but instead shows a fluctuating pattern. This study is expected to provide a reference for selecting appropriate rainfall estimation methods based on the spatial characteristics of rain gauge stations
Analisis Tingkat Perubahan Vegetasi Hutan Mangrove Terhadap Tingkat Salinitas Menggunakan Citra Landsat Rafly Rizqyta Ramadhan; Winardi Tjahyo Baskoro; Kadek Sumaja; Komang Ngurah Suarbawa; Putu Tedy Indrayana; Ni Nyoman Ratini
Kappa Journal Vol 8 No 2 (2024): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v8i2.23729

Abstract

Research on the analysis of the level of changes of mangrove forest vegetation on the level of seawater salinity has been conducted with remote sensing methods by using Landsat 8 imagery in Tahura Ngurah Rai. The data used in this research is secondary data from the official website of the USGS (United States Geological Survey). This study aims to determine the levels of changes in mangrove forest vegetation cover in Tahura Ngurah Rai and to determine how much influence the level of mangrove forest vegetation cover has on the level of salinity in Tahura Ngurah Rai. The vegetation values were obtained by processing the NDVI index data and the salinity values were obtained by processing the SI, NDSI and VSSI index. from the results of the analysis that has been conducted, vegetation cover greatly influences the NDSI index with an increase in the total NDVI value of 25,48% and a decrease in the total NDSI value of -25,48%, with a correlation coefficient and determination of NDVI-NDSI 0.998 and 0.996 respectively.
Metode Double-Difference Untuk Merelokasi Hiposenter Gempabumi Susulan Seririt Singaraja Winardi Tjahyo Baskoro; I Gde Antha Kasmawan; I Ketut Putra; Ni Nyoman Ratini; Sismanto
Kappa Journal Vol 8 No 1 (2024): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v8i1.24434

Abstract

A method that does not require a main earthquake (master event) that can be used simultaneously to relocate a very large number of earthquakes with wide hypocenter separation is called the double-difference method. A method used to relocate the aftershocks in Seririt Singaraja on November 14 2019 with coordinate positions 113.478 – 115.181 East Longitude and 8.357 – 7.894 South Latitude. The earthquake data used in this research was accumulated from 85 BMKG seismic stations. Data analysis uses cross-correlation time differences which can increase the accuracy of travel time between the receiving station and the earthquake, thereby reducing errors in calculations. The double difference method used to relocate the earthquake in the Seririt Singaraja area showed that there was a shift in the location of the earthquake hypocenter before and after it was relocated. Horizontally and vertically, the distribution of earthquake hypocenters before and after being relocated occurs when there is a collection of location shifts. The results of this research were able to relocate 152 aftershocks properly. The main earthquake after being relocated was at a depth of 17 km, while the distribution of aftershocks was at a depth of around 6-25 km, so that it can more accurately describe the position of the earthquake source and is able to show clearer and easier to interpret structural patterns.
IDENTIFIKASI STRUKTUR BAWAH PERMUKAAN BERDASARKAN DATA ANOMALI GRAVITASI DI PULAU LOMBOK Imelda Threza; Winardi Tjahyo Baskoro; Ida Bagus Alit Pramarta; I Ketut Sukarasa; Putu Suardana; I Wayan Supardi
Kappa Journal Vol 8 No 1 (2024): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v8i1.25139

Abstract

Abstract: Research on the identification of subsurface structures based on gravity anomaly data on Lombok Island. This research aims to create a map and determine the value of the complete Bouguer anomaly, regional anomaly, residual anomaly, subsurface density value and create a 2-D model of the subsurface structure. The data used is secondary data, namely satellite gravity anomaly data obtained from the topex website. Data processing in this research uses the gravity method. In this method, gravity correction will be carried out, making a complete bouguer anomaly map, conducting spectrum analysis, separating regional and residual anomalies using butterworth filters and forward modeling to obtain a 2-D model of the subsurface structure. The results of the complete bouger anomaly map are 10.2 to 297.1 mGal, regional anomalies 18.0 to 271.1 mGal and residual anomalies between (-52.9 to 32.4) mGal. The results of forward modeling show that the subsurface geological structure on Lombok Island has a density range between 1 to 2.9 g/cm3, so that from the range of rock density values it can be estimated that the subsurface structure of Lombok Island is divided into East Lombok consisting of Soil rocks (1 to 1.99 g/cm3), Lime Stone (2 to 2, 27 g/cm3), Andesite (2.4 to 2.63 g/cm3) and Basalt (2.71 to 2.99 g/cm3), for West Lombok consists of Lime Stone (2.08 to 2.6 g/cm3), Andesite (2, 68 to 2.77 g/cm3) and Basalt (2.85 to 2.99 g/cm3) and for Central Lombok consists of Andesite (2.41 to 2.72 g/cm3), Basalt (2.84 to 2.99 g/cm3).  
Identifikasi Citra Radiografi Sinar-X Pemeriksaan Thorax Untuk Penderita Covid-19 Di Instalasi Radiologi RSUP Prof. I. G. N. G Ngoerah Gusti Ngurah Sutapa; Asril Hanzani; Wayan Balik Sudarsana; Ni Nyoman Ratini; Ni Luh Putu Trisnawati; Winardi Tjahyo Baskoro
Kappa Journal Vol 8 No 2 (2024): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v8i2.25290

Abstract

Coronavirus Desease 2019 (Covid-19) merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh virus Sars-Cov-2. Gejala yang ditimbulkan antara lain demam, batuk kering, dan sesak napas. Berbagai upaya penanganan dan pencegahan dilakukan oleh tenaga medis di Indonesia. Salah satu rumah sakit yang ikut andil menangani hal tersebut adalah RSUP Prof. Dr. I. G. N. G Ngoerah yang ada di Provinsi Bali menggunakan pemeriksaan thorax dengan pesawat sinar-X (rontgen). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sekunder yaitu 30 data pasien non-Covid-19 dan 30 data pasien Covid-19 di RSUP Prof. Dr. I. G. N. G Ngoerah pada tahun 2020 sampai dengan tahun 2022 dengan membandingkan hasil citra pasien secara kualitatif dari pembacaan dokter radiolog dan secara kuantitatif dilihat dari nilaia Efekti Dose (ED) dan Indeks Exsposure (IE). Dari hasil citra, pasien covid-19 menunjukkan adanya bercak-bercak putih pada bagian paru-paru dan dari hasil pembacaan dokter rata-rata pasien covid-19 mengalami pneumonia atau peradangan pada paru-paru sedangkan pada pasien non-covid-19 tidak mengalami pneumonia. Secara kuantitatif rata-rata nilai ED pada pasien non-covid-19 lebih besar dibandingkan pada pasien covid-19. Secara berturut-turut yaitu 0,1267±0,00653 mSv dengan nilai minimum 0,0694 serta nilai maximum 0,214 dan 0.0914±0,0311 mSv minimum 0,0096 serta maximum 0,706.  namun nilai IE pada pasien covid-19 lebih besar dibandingkan dengan pasien non-covid-19, yaitu 267,3±9,059 mSv dengan nilai minimum 202 mSv dan maximum 396,1 mSv. Sedangkan pasien non-Covid-19 besar nilai minimum 129 mSv dan maximum 172,9 mSv dengan rata-rata 146,467±2,45 mSv, dengan persentase perbandingan yaitu 35%:65%. Untuk menunjang terhadap perbedaan yang terjadi maka dilakukan uji statistik menggunakan T-test statistik nonparametric. Syarat signifikansi Asimp.Sig<0,05 menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara IE pasien non-Covid-19 dengan IE pasien Covid-19. Sehingga hasil statistik juga mendukung terhadap hasil pembacaan IE pada citra radiografi bahwa terjadi perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai IE pada citra radiografi pasien non-Covid-19 dengan pasien Covid-19.
Determining Seismicity Using the Likelihood Method in Sumbawa Island Region Period 1972-2022 Celline; Winardi Tjahyo Baskoro; Muhammad Soekarno Saputra Rahman
Kappa Journal Vol 8 No 1 (2024): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v8i1.25409

Abstract

Research has been carried out regarding the determination of seismicity in the Sumbawa Island region for the period 1972-2022 with observation area boundaries of 116.5° – 119.3° East Longitude and 10° – 8° South Latitude. The research was carried out at the Center for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Region III Denpasar using the likelihood method which was adjusted to the seismicity level M ≥ 3 and depth ≤ 30 km. Determining the b-value was calculated using the likelihood method and obtained b-values for the 4 regions ranging from 0.6 – 0.7 and a-values ranging from 4.7 – 5.4. The return period for earthquakes ranges from 1.03 – 308.1 years. The results show that region 3 has the largest b-value, namely 0.796. The region that has the largest a-value is region 1, namely 5.405. The shortest earthquake return period is region 1 with 1.049 years and the longest is region 3 with 314.6 years.
Analisis Perubahan Garis Pantai Menggunakan Citra Satelit Landsat 8 dengan Metode Linear Regression Rate di Wilayah Pesisir Kecamatan Kuta Selpia Purba; Winardi Tjahyo Baskoro; Tomy Gunawan; I Nengah Artawan; I Gusti Agung Putra Adnyana; I Nengah Sandi
Kappa Journal Vol 9 No 2 (2025): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v9i2.29955

Abstract

Coastal areas are dynamic environments and are vulnerable to natural processes and human activities, making regular monitoring important for sustainable management. This study analyzes coastal changes along the Kuta coastal area, which includes Pantai Jerman, Kuta, Legian, and Seminyak, using Landsat 8 satellite imagery through the application of the NDWI analysis and the Linear Regression Rate (LRR) method over the period 2014–2022. The NDWI is derived using Band 3 (green) and Band 5 (near-infrared) to accurately classify the boundary between water and land. The LRR method is employed to calculate the trend of coastal line shifts from temporal data, yielding a detailed estimation of the coastal displacement rate. The study results indicate that the Kuta coastal area undergoes changes dominated by mild accretion, with an average coastal shift of 1.50 m/year, while mild erosion occurs at an average of 1.30 m/year. Overall, the coastal area experienced an accretion of 9.52 ha and an erosion of 4.55 ha.
Co-Authors Adelia Wahyu Anjani Adnyana, I Gusti Agung Putra Agus Yarcana Asril Hanzani Astried Valentine Kaha Buana, Muhammad Candra Celline Desi Delimasari Devi Irma Putri Dwi Hanto Gusti Ngurah Sutapa Gusti Ngurah Sutapa Hendrata Wibisana Hery Suyanto Hidayat, Alyi Savitri Astriyani I Gde Antha Kasmawan I Gde Antha Kasmawan I Gde Antha Kasmawan I Gusti Ketut Satria Bunaga I Ketut Putra I Ketut Putra I Ketut putra, I Ketut I Ketut Sukarasa I Made Sudarma Yadnya I Made Yuliara I Made Yuliara I Nengah Artawan I Nengah Sandi I Nengah Sandi I Putu Dedy Pratama I Putu Dedy Pratama I Wayan Supardi I Wayan Supardi I. M. Yuliara I.K. Putra I.N. Artawan Ida Bagus Alit Paramarta Ida Bagus Alit Pramarta Imelda Threza Kadek Sumaja Kaha, Astried Valentine Keintjem, Regina Gabriel Komang Ngurah Suarbawa Kontardo Ferrino Nelumen Sargon KURNIA, WENAS GANDA M. Dwi Jendra Putra Made Sumadiyasa Mayumi Cahyandari Muhammad Soekarno Saputra Rahman N. L. P. Trisnawati N.N. Wendri Ni Luh Emy Pramitha Ni Luh Putu Trisnawati Ni Luh Putu Trisnawati Ni Nyoman Ratini Ni Nyoman Ratini Ni Nyoman Ratini Ni Nyoman Wendri Ni Nyoman, Ratini Nurmalasari Nurmalasari Nurmalasari, Ni Putu Yuni Nyoman Wendri Pande Putu Hadi Wiguna Pramarta, Ida Bagus Alit Pratama, Maulana Rizki Prayuda, I Made Ardi Putri Srimalemta Nainggolan Putu Suardana Putu Tedy Indrayana Rafly Rizqyta Ramadhan Ratu, Trivena Sesilia Rozi Irhas Rudy Darsono S. Sismanto Satriya Wibawa, I Made Selpia Purba Shinta Palupi Sismanto Sukarasa, I Ketut Sumaja, Kadek Tomy Gunawan Trisnawati, Ni Luh Putu Unsuriyah, Zumrotul V.C.W. Putri Wayan Balik Sudarsana Wayan Gede Suharta Widagda, I Gusti Agung Widianingsih, Ni Kadek Indah Winarni, Oktiana Yuliara, I Made