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Representation of the phoneme [ŋ] at onset in Bahasa Indonesia speech as L3 in foreign speakers: A language typology perspective Kholiq, Abdul; Yulianto, Bambang; Suhartono, Suhartono; Susanto, Moh. Arif; Azizan, Yoga Rifqi; Rizal, Moh. Ahsan Shohifur
KEMBARA: Jurnal Keilmuan Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/kembara.v12i1.42265

Abstract

This study investigates the representation of the phoneme [ŋ] in the onset position of Bahasa Indonesia (BI) and the factors influencing its changes among foreign speakers learning BI as a third language (L3). It employed a qualitative approach. Five BIPA students served as subjects. Their L1 and L2 typological proximity to BI was determined by language-family classification. Data were collected through elicitation and interviews, and analysis involved comparing the representation of the phoneme [ŋ] in subjects' speech with standard BI speech. Results show that the representation of the phoneme [ŋ] in the onset position by subjects whose L1 is typologically close to BI aligns with standard BI speech. This is attributed to their L1 having a similar phonological system to BI. Conversely, for foreign speakers whose L1 and L2 are typologically distant from BI, their phonological systems exhibit differences in speech compared to standard BI. In the speech of these subjects, the representation of [ŋ] in the onset position shows specific alterations. These include: 1) the epenthesis of [g] after [ŋ]; and 2) the shifting of [ŋ] from the onset to the coda of the preceding syllable, with the original onset position then being replaced by [g]. Two factors influence these changes: 1) the phonological systems of L1 and L2 lack [ŋ] in the onset position, though they permit it in medial and final positions; and 2) foreign speakers misinterpret the /ng/ form as a sequence of [n] and [g] ([n-g]), which leads to pronunciation errors.
Simbolisme Kematian dalam Antologi Puisi Berbahasa Jawa “Wirid Wulangruh” Karya Nyitno Munajat: The Symbolism of Death in the Javanese Poetry Anthology “Wirid Wulangruh” by Nyitno Munajat Fatwa Muhammad, Tudung; Ahmadi, Anas; Rizal, Moh. Ahsan Shohifur
Pena : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 16 No. 3 (2026): Pena: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/pena.v16i3.55472

Abstract

The study of research into death in Javanese literature is important because this theme does not merely represent the end of life. Death also fosters human spiritual, moral and cultural reflection. However, previous studies have tended to focus on religious and formal aesthetic aspects. The integration of religious thanatological, Sufi and Javanese cosmological perspectives in modern Javanese poetry has not yet been extensively examined. This study aims to uncover the symbolism of death in the poetry anthology Wirid Wulangruh by Nyitno Munajat. The research employs a descriptive-interpretative qualitative approach grounded in Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutics. The research data consists of two poems on the theme of death, titled “Episode Barzah” and “Yasa Astana Pralaya”. These poems were analysed through the stages of distancing, interpretation, appropriation, and reference. The results of the study indicate that death is constructed as a constructor of meaning, a transitional boundary, transcendent continuity, and an eschatological reality. The symbols of death represent the deconstruction of worldly identity, a spiritual journey towards eternity, and human moral accountability before God. This study reinforces the notion that Javanese Sufi literature functions as a medium for philosophical and spiritual reflection on the nature of human existence.