Pramdhan, Kartono
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Modification of Learning Media Using Rubber Balls for Volleyball Learning Outcomes at The High School Level Pramdhan, Kartono
Journal of Physical and Outdoor Education Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Journal of Physical and Outdoor Education
Publisher : STKIP Paasundan Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37742/jpoe.v5i2.211

Abstract

Passing down is a technique of playing the ball by using the forearm side of the arm either by using one or with two arms simultaneously. A rubber ball is a ball made of elastic rubber in a round shape like a balloon, without being covered with synthetic leather like the original ball. This study aims to find out volleyball learning using rubber balls can improve passing. The research method used is the experimental method with research design using experimental methods with the pretest-posttest type. The population in this study were all class XI SMAN 1 Ciparay totaling 360 people, The sampling technique used was Cluster Random Sampling and the sample was 38 students of class XI-8 SMAN 1 Ciparay. 25, Based on the results of the research on the calculation and analysis of data from the results of the underpass test, it can be concluded that: Modification of learning media using rubber balls has a significant effect on increasing the underpass in volleyball for SMAN 1 Ciparay students.
The Significance of Self-Confidence in the Success of Referees During Football Match Officiating Permadi, Asep Angga; Frahmawati, Ima; Pramdhan, Kartono; ishak, M; Fernando, Ricky; Shahril, Mohd Izwan
Musamus Journal of Physical Education and Sport (MJPES) Vol 6 No 4 (2024): Musamus Journal of Physical Education and Sport (MJPES)
Publisher : Program Studies of Physical Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Musamus University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35724/mjpes.v6i4.6429

Abstract

Self-confidence is a facet of personality encompassing an individual's qualities, skills, and abilities. Objective. The objective of this study is to ascertain the correlation between a referee's self-confidence and the efficacy in officiating a football match. Material and Methods. This study employs a descriptive methodology. The author employs a random selection technique for the sample of male referees possessing a Football referee license status at PSSI Garut. The research design employs a one-shot approach. The test employed is a questionnaire assessing self-confidence and the capacity to effectively conduct a football match. Data analysis employs validity tests, reliability tests, normalcy tests, percentage tests, t-tests, and correlation tests. Results. The research data processing revealed that the self-confidence level of PSSI Garut referees is categorized as sufficient, while their success in officiating PSSI Garut matches is classified as good. Furthermore, there exists a moderate correlation coefficient between self-confidence and success in leading PSSI Garut matches. It is advised that football referees possess strong self-confidence in their ability to successfully officiate PSSI Garut matches. The study's merits include a lucid methodology and thorough outcomes. Nevertheless, Conclusions. The results of this study may lack generalizability to other situations, as they are limited to a sample of reviewers at PSSI Garut. Subsequent research should encompass an expanded sample from other regions and investigate supplementary factors that contribute to referee success, such as experience, training, and psychological conditions.
Do central midfielders from higher-ranked teams perform differently? Evidence from Indonesia Liga 1 Hasan, Muhamad Fahmi; Pramdhan, Kartono; Junio, Normandi Alpha
Journal Sport Area Vol 11 No 2 (2026): August
Publisher : UIR Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25299/sportarea.2026.vol11(2).25740

Abstract

Background: Central midfielders (CMs) have essential roles in modern soccer as a connector between the attacking and defensive lines, maintaining game tempo, ball circulation, and supporting team organisation during transition. However, limited evidence about the physical and technical performance of CMs in teams from different ranks is scarce, especially in non-European leagues. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the physical and technical performance of CMs from high-, middle-, and low-ranked teams in Liga 1 Indonesia. Methods: 381 match observations from 34 CMs were analysed using the Kruskal–Wallis test with Bonferroni post hoc comparisons and ordinal eta-squared to estimate the effect size. Results: All variables, except progressive passes, showed significant differences. The largest effect size was observed for acceleration, and the medium effect size for deceleration, confirming that explosive actions were the strongest discriminators between CMs across ranking levels. Significant others' variables displayed small effect sizes (total distance, high-intensity running distance, pass accuracy, successful passes, short passes, medium passes, and long passes). The highest values of acceleration, deceleration, high-intensity running distance, pass accuracy, successful passes, and short passes were observed in the high-ranked CMs. Conclusion: CMs’ technical and physical performance differs by team ranking, with high-ranked CMs characterised by greater explosive movement and accurate short-passing circulation. The results give useful reference points for developing CM in Indonesia. This study was limited to a single season within one league and didn’t take into account other contextual factors. Future research should consider contextual factors in the analysis.