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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Geography Geo Media: Majalah Ilmiah dan Informasi Kegeografian IJOG : Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Forum Geografi
Malawani, Mukhamad Ngainul
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences

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MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES DUE TO ANTHROPOGENIC INTERFERENCES IN GENDOL RIVER VALLEY, MERAPI VOLCANO Malawani, Mukhamad Ngainul; Handayani, Tiara; Bariq, Jundi Muhammad; Lukafiardi, Radikal
Forum Geografi Vol 33, No 2 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.v33i2.8766

Abstract

This research aims to identify the morphological changes in Gendol river, Merapi volcano. After the eruption 2010, Gendol river filled up by pyroclastic materials, then utilized as mining area. As the volcanic materials are abundance in Gendol river, sand mining activities are dominant, causing antrophogenic interferences that changes the morphology of Gendol valley. In this study, the morphological changes is measured by terrestrial survey, aerial mapping, and materials analysis through petrographic and granulometric analysis. Aerial mapping was conducted in February and August 2019 in order to identify the dynamic changes during 6 months observation. Vertical changes is found in the active mining zone, in western-side of research area, while horizontal changes was found in eastern-side. The comparison of widening and narrowing valley is 13:1 due to horizontal changes. Result of petrographic analysis showes that three different sampling locations originated from similar provenance, which is undissected arc provenance but may differ in period of sedimentation. Grain material found in research are categorized as suitable material for mining with the 0,733 mm grain size. However, the mining activities should be aware of material availability to minimize the riverbank failure.
Dynamics of the aeolian landform at the coastal geosite of Parangtritis sand dune area, Yogyakarta Malawani, Mukhamad Ngainul; Mardiatno, Djati; Mutaqin, Bachtiar Wahyu; Suhendro, Indranova; Setiawan, Nicky; Muharram, Fajrun Wahidil; Rhosadi , Iwan
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 11 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2024.113.5839

Abstract

In 2014, Kelud, an active volcano in East Java, ejected ashes (hereafter termed KA; Kelud ash) that reportedly reached as far as Central Java and the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY). The KA deposits are observable in, among others, the coastal sand dune area in Parangtritis. Due to the active aeolian process, the KA layers can be found at different depths five years after the eruption. Thus, the KA can be used as a marker of the post-2014 aeolian activities at the Parangtritis dune, which was once classified as a degraded land and later recognized as a coastal geosite, ultimately allowing us to calculate the volume and sand transport rate. The research surveys performed at 25 points discovered volcanic ash layers at 1 cm to 26 cm below the surface. At some observed points, the ash deposits were found on the surface and continuously transported. This research observed an area of 60,000 m2 with an average of 8.5 cm thick sand layers lying above the KA layer. Based on the calculation, the total volume of the transported sand at the Parangtritis sand dune from 2014 to 2019 was approximately 5,100 m3. This volume is considerably small owing to various obstacles in the transport zones. Based on the five-year dynamic of the sand dune, this study suggested that restoration needs to be conducted immediately particularly in eliminating vegetation barriers to maintain the sediment balance (erosion-transport-sedimentation) of the coastal sand dune area.
Review on the Impacts of the Samalas Eruption (1257 CE) to the Hydrogeological Conditions of Mataram, Lombok, Indonesia Malawani, Mukhamad Ngainul; Hadmoko, Danang Sri; Lavigne, Franck; Agniy, Romza Fauzan; Hayat, Dimas Maula; Astabella, Relinda Dewi; Laksono, Agung; Syamsuddin, Syamsuddin; Mutaqin, Bachtiar Wahyu
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 11 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.11.3.339-348

Abstract

This paper examines the local impacts of the 1257 CE Samalas eruption in the Mataram plain in relation to the hydrogeological conditions. Data from several previous studies in the Mataram plain is summarized and then reinterpreted. Data collected from new fieldwork is also presented. This review summarizes hydrogeological conditions into several categories, i.e. stratigraphy, aquifer formation, groundwater quality, and evolution. Two coring data were evaluated, which showed that Mataram plain has a relatively thick alluvial layer with a dominant material of sand mixed with pumice from the reworked deposit of the 1257 CE Samalas eruption. The sediment from this eruption formed a freshwater aquifer layer up to ~18 m deep. Using resistivity data, the aquifer layers in the studied area were characterized as unconfined aquifer, aquitard, and semi-unconfined aquifer. Seven water samples show that the groundwater in the studied area is in good condition, which indicates the bicarbonate water type. The results of the analysis show that the impact of the 1257 CE Samalas eruption on the hydrogeology of Mataram is considered a positive impact, i.e. forming an unconfined aquifer containing freshwater that is good for domestic uses.
Learning from the past: Vulnerability analysis and cascading hazard classification of the three major volcanic eruptions in Indonesia Malawani, Mukhamad Ngainul; Hadmoko, Danang Sri; Rachmadan, Firdaus Alif; Pratiwi, Dinda; Hermawan, Hannan Revi; Hayat, Dimas Maula; Laksono, Agung; Wibisono, Hafidz; Handayani, Tiara
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 57, No 2 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.102139

Abstract

This research addresses a significant gap in understanding the social impacts of three major volcanic eruptions in Indonesia: Samalas in 1257, Tambora in 1815, and Krakatau in 1883. While these events have been widely studied in geological and volcanic contexts, their societal impacts and the associated cascading hazards have not been thoroughly compared. Utilizing historical documents that reflect societal memories, including Babad Lombok, Babad Sembalun, Babad Suwung, Syair Kerajaan Bima, and Syair Lampung Karam alongside records from the Dutch East Indies period, this study investigates the community responses and impacts of these catastrophic events. The findings reveal that all documented social memories articulate the communities' reactions and the resultant consequences of these eruptions. Additionally, geological and volcanological data from prior studies were employed to describe the characteristics of past vulnerabilities. Notably, Samalas exhibited the longest recovery process, whereas Krakatau resulted in the highest number of casualties due to its cascading hazards. All events are categorized within the M4 scale of cascading hazards, emphasizing the complexity of these disasters. This research offers critical insights into Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) programs, highlighting the necessity of integrating historical social memory into modern risk management strategies. By understanding past community responses, DRR initiatives can better prepare for future volcanic events, ensuring a more resilient society. Received: 2024-12-03 Revised: 2025-04-30 Accepted: 2025-08-06 Published: 2025-08-20  
Pengukuran Emisi CO₂ Tanah dan Karakteristik Lingkungan Mikro pada Beberapa Penggunaan Lahan Pertanian di Kabupaten Kulon Progo Malawani, Mukhamad Ngainul; Dinda Pratiwi; Nor Muhammad Iskandar; Tiara Handayani; Meru Sigit Estiono; Muhammad Hilmi; Muhammad Rafie Hazim
Geomedia Majalah Ilmiah dan Informasi Kegeografian Vol. 23 No. 2 (2025): Geo Media : Majalah Ilmiah dan Informasi Kegeografian
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/gm.v23i2.87953

Abstract

Emisi karbon dioksida (CO2) tanah merupakan salah satu sumber emisi gas rumah kaca yang dapat dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas penggunaan lahan pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur emisi CO2 tanah serta karakteristik lingkungan mikro pada tiga jenis penggunaan lahan pertanian, yaitu sawah irigasi, kebun tebu, dan ladang jagung di Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Pengukuran dilakukan menggunakan metode closed dynamic chamber dengan alat LI-COR 870. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ladang jagung memiliki emisi CO2 rata-rata tertinggi (4,19 µmol/m²/s), diikuti oleh sawah irigasi (3,63 µmol/m²/s), dan terendah pada kebun tebu (1,64 µmol/m²/s). Variasi emisi dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan intensitas pengolahan tanah dan pemupukan. Praktik ini menyebab adanya variasi kondisi lingkungan mikro tanah sehingga berpengaruh pada laju emisinya. Semua parameter lingkungan yang diukur memiliki tren yang sesuai dengan teori yang berkembang, namun hanya konduktivitas listrik tanah (EC) yang menunjukkan korelasi paling kuat terhadap emisi CO2 di daerah penelitian.
Co-Authors Agniy, Romza Fauzan Astabella, Relinda Dewi Bariq, Jundi Muhammad Danang Sri Hadmoko Dinda Pratiwi Djati Mardiatno Franck Lavigne, Franck Hayat, Dimas Maula Hermawan, Hannan Revi Laksono, Agung Lukafiardi, Radikal Meru Sigit Estiono Muhammad Hilmi Muhammad Rafie Hazim Muharram, Fajrun Wahidil Mutaqin, Bachtiar Wahyu Nor Muhammad Iskandar Pratiwi, Dinda Rachmadan, Firdaus Alif Rhosadi , Iwan Setiawan, Nicky Suhendro, Indranova Syamsuddin Syamsuddin Tiara Handayani Tiara Handayani Wibisono, Hafidz