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POLA PEMBERIAN ASI DAN DIARE PADA ANAK USIA 6â€“24 BULAN Wijaya, Dhandi; Dhamayanti, Meita; Gondodiputro, Sharon
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 49, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Diare merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian anak secara global. Air susu ibu (ASI) diketahui dapat mencegah diare pada anak sehingga World Health Organization merekomendasikan pemberian ASI eksklusif untuk seluruh bayi. Namun, cakupan ASI eksklusif di Indonesia masih rendah sehingga risiko diare pada anak masih tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai hubungan pola pemberian ASI dan diare pada anak usia 6?24 bulan. Penelitian observasional dengan studi potong lintang ini dilakukan tanggal 20 Januari?31 Januari 2017. pada 160 ibu dengan anak usia 6?24 bulan yang mendapat ASI yang datang ke posyandu di Puskesmas Talang Ubi, Kabupaten Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir. yang buka selama penelitian dilakukan, lahir tunggal, aterm, berat badan lahir ?2.500 gram, gizi baik, tidak menderita kelainan kongenital. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner untuk mengetahui pola pemberian ASI dan MP ASI serta prevalensi, periode, dan lama diare dalam tiga bulan terakhir. Data dianalisis dengan uji kai-kuadrat, Fisher eksak, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, ANOVA, serta uji normalitas Kolmogorov Smirnov. Penelitian ini mendapatkan hubungan waktu inisiasi pemberian ASI, ASI eksklusif, lama pemberian ASI, serta frekuensi dan lamanya menyusui dengan prevalensi dan lama diare (p<0,05), tetapi tidak mendapatkan hubungan waktu inisiasi pemberian ASI, pemberian ASI eksklusif, lama pemberian ASI, frekuensi pemberian ASI, dan lama menyusui dengan frekuensi diare (p>0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pola pemberian ASI dapat menurunkan prevalensi dan mempersingkat lama diare pada anak usia 6?24 bulan. [MKB. 2017;49(3):165?71]Kata kunci: ASI, ASI eksklusif, diare, MP ASI Breastfeeding Pattern and Diarrhea in Children Aged 6?24 MonthsDiarrhea is one of the leading causes of global childhood mortality. Breast milk was known to have a protective role against childhood diarrhea that the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendeds exclusive breastfeeding for all infants. However, the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia is still small, leading to a higher risk of childhood diarrhea. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between breastfeeding pattern, complementary feeding, prevalence, frequency, and diarrhea duration in children aged 6?24 months. This observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the period of 20 January?31 January 2017 on 160 mothers who brestfed their child who was, at the time of the study, 6?24 months old. These were children who visited the Posyandu (Integrated Health Post) of Talang Ubi Public Health Center (Puskesmas Talang Ubi), Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir district at the time of the study, singleton, full term, birth weight ?2,500 grams, well-nourished, and did not have any congenital abnormalities. Data were obtained through questionnaires that collected information on breastfeeding pattern, complementary feeding, and the prevalence, frequency, and diarrhea duration in the last three months . Data were statistically analyzed using chi-square, Fisher?s exact, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and ANOVA tests as well as Kolmogorov Smirnov normality test. This study found the correlation between breastfeeding initiation, exclusive breastfeeding, breastfeeding duration, frequency and duration of lactation, with the prevalence and diarrhea duration (p<0.05), but did not find the correlation between breastfeeding initiation, exclusive breastfeeding, breastfeeding duration, frequency and duration of lactation with diarrhea frequency (p>0,05). Therefore, this study concludes that the pattern of breastfeeding reduces the prevalence of diarrhea and shortens diarrhea duration in children aged 6?24 months. [MKB. 2017;49(3):165?71]Key words: Breastfeeding, complementary feeding, diarrhea, exclusive breastfeeding

Analysis of wearing masks compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic based on the Health Belief Model Wijaya, Dhandi; Misnaniarti, Misnaniarti; Sitorus, Rico Januar
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 4 (2021): October - December
Publisher : YCAB Publisher & IAKMI SULTRA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v7i4.459

Background: Maintaining physical distance, washing hands, and wearing masks during the COVID-19 pandemic are very important in preventing the spread of the virus. However, although the use of facemasks is relatively easy to do, its compliance is considered low.Objective: This study aimed to analyze compliance in wearing masks during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 residents in Palembang, Indonesia, selected using simple random sampling from August to September 2021. Data were collected using online questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and multivariate using logistic regression.Results: The findings revealed that sex, education, and employment status were significant relationships to compliance to wearing masks (p<0.05), but age and family income were not significantly related (p>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed only perceived severity and cues to action had a significant relationship with compliance to wearing masks after it was controlled by the sex variable (p<0.05), with PR of 0.558 (95% CI 0.331-0.941) and 0.410 (95% CI 0.242-0.696), consecutively.Conclusion: Perceived severity and cues to action are factors that influence compliance to wearing masks. Therefore, these two factors should be considered by public health practitioners as well as the government to increase the compliance wearing masks.

Efektivitas Daya Hambat Ekstrak Mengkudu (Morinda citrofolia L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Lactobacillus acidophilus: Studi in vitro Bastari, Meyrisa; Wijaya, Dhandi; Ismalayani, Ismalayani
Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (JKGM) Vol 4 No 2 (2022): Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (JKGM)
Publisher : Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi, Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36086/jkgm.v4i2.1518

Dental caries is a disease of the hard tissues of the teeth which until now cannot be cured. However, the process of worsening due to this disease can be anticipated by patching or removing it. Preventive measures against this disease must be able to intervene in at least one of the factors causing caries, one of which is Lactobacillus acidophilus. Noni fruit (Morinda citrofolia L.) which is an endemic plant in Indonesia, including South Sumatra, contains scopoletin which is bacteriostatic against Lactobacillus and can prevent the attachment of Lactobacillus acidophilus to the acquired pellicle on the tooth surface, thereby reducing the risk of dental caries. This research is an experimental study with a post test-only control group design. Noni extracts at concentrations of 20%, 40%, and 80% were tested for their inhibition on the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus on de Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) agar media with 1% iodine as a positive control and 70% alcohol as a negative control. Data were analyzed using One-Way Anova test. Noni extract at concentrations of 20%, 40%, and 80% effectively inhibited the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus with an average zone of inhibition of 7.2 mm, 8.3 mm, and 11.2 mm, respectively. Noni extract 80% was even more effective in inhibiting the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus than the positive control.

EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN KARTU MENUJU GIGI SEHAT ELEKTRONIK (e-KMGS) TERHADAP PERAN DAN MOTIVASI IBU UNTUK KESEHATAN GIGI ANAK Wijaya, Dhandi; Marlindayanti, Marlindayanti; Vani, Refi Mutiara
Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (JKGM) Vol 6 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (JKGM)
Publisher : Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi, Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36086/jkgm.v6i2.2628

The average caries prevalence of the Indonesian population aged 3-4 years with dental and oral problems is 81.5% with the highest percentage being 96.8% at the age of 55-64 years. This shows that the percentage of dental and oral problems at the age of 3-4 years has entered quite high numbers. Participation and attention from parents is what preschool aged children need. The reality is that children's dental health receives little attention from parents with the assumption that children's teeth will be replaced by permanent teeth. Many cases of caries today are caused by a lack of role and knowledge of parents regarding choosing the right type of food and dental care for their children, especially pre-school age children. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of e-KMGS as a medium in increasing the role and motivation of mothers for children's dental health. This research is quantitative research with a quasi-experimental research design. The sample in this research was taken using purposive sampling. The results of this research show that the average mother's role before e-KMGS assistance is 37.3 and the average mother's motivation before e-KMGS assistance is 28.5. The average mother's role after e-KMGS assistance was 91.6 and the average mother's motivation after e-KMGS assistance was 44.9. The average difference before and after using e-KMGS role is 54.3 and motivation is 16.4. The conclusion is that the use of e-KMGS as a media is significantly effective in increasing the role and motivation of mothers for children's dental health.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI TINGKAT KEPATUHAN MAHASISWA DALAM MENGGUNAKAN ALAT PELINDUNG DIRI (APD) SAAT PRAKTIK DI KLINIK LAYANAN ASUHAN KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT POLTEKKES KEMENKES PALEMBANG Wijaya, Dhandi; Bastari, Meyrisa; Ray, Ngurah
Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (JKGM) Vol 5 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (JKGM)
Publisher : Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi, Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36086/jkgm.v5i2.1990

Latar belakang: Alat pelindung diri (APD) merupakan alat yang digunakan untuk melindungi sebagian atau keseluruhan tubuh dari potensi terpaparnya penyakit atau bahaya selama melakukan kegiatan praktikum. Kepatuhan mahasiswa terhadap penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD) dapat meminimalisir terjadinya faktor risiko yang dapat membahayakan kesehatan dan keselamatan praktikan. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kepatuhan dalam menggunakan APD mahasiswa Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian cross sectional yang dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2023 di Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 150 orang mahasiswa yang diambil secara total sampling. Data tentang tingkat kepatuhan, faktor predisposisi, faktor pemungkin, dan faktor penguat dikumpulkan melalui pengisian kuesioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis chi-square dan regresi logistik dengan interval kepercayaan 95%. Hasil: Tingkat kepatuhan mahasiswa menggunakan APD di klinik asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut sebesar 56%. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kepatuhan adalah perilaku dan sikap (predisposisi) (p-value=0,001, PR= 0,181, 95%CI= 0,089-0,367), ketersediaan APD dan informasi (pemungkin) (p-value=0,001, PR= 0,146, 95%CI= 0,071-0,300), dan faktor sanksi dan pengawasan (reinforcing) (p-value=0,001, PR= 0,144, 95%CI= 0,046-0,453). Kesimpulan: Tingkat kepatuhan mahasiswa Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi dalam menggunakan APD saat praktik di klinik asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut masih rendah. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi rendahnya tingkat kepatuhan adalah faktor perilaku dan sikap (predisposisi), ketersediaan APD dan informasi (pemungkin), dan faktor sanksi dan pengawasan (reinforcing).

Effect of Xylitol, Sorbitol, and Combination Xylitol-Sorbitol Chewing Gum on Increasing Saliva pH WIJAYA, DHANDI; HAMID, ABU; ISMALAYANI, ISMALAYANI
Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (JKGM) Vol 5 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (JKGM)
Publisher : Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi, Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36086/jkgm.v5i2.2070

Saliva is an important factor in maintaining dental and oral health which plays a role in protective functions. The protective function is carried out by increasing saliva secretion which can be measured through flow speed, volume, pH and viscosity. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of chewing gum containing xylitol, sorbitol, and a combination of xylitol-sorbitol on increasing saliva pH. This research is a quasi-experiment research carried out in March 2022 at the Dental Health Program Study of Health Polytechnic of Palembang. The research sample of 60 people from the Dental Health Department was grouped into three groups. Each group was treated with chewing gum containing two pieces of xylitol, sorbitol, and a combination of xylitol-sorbitol for five minutes. Saliva measurements are carried out using a pH meter. Data were analyzed using a one-way anova test with a 95% confidence interval. The mean salivary pH in each group showed a significant increase (p<0.05). OnThe group that chewed gum containing xylitol had an increase in the mean saliva pH of 1.839, in the group that chewed gum containing sorbitol there was an increase in the mean saliva pH of 1.698, and in the group that chewed gum containing a combination of xylitol-sorbtiol there was an increase in the mean saliva pH of 1.868. There was a significantly increase in the mean pH of saliva in the three groups of subjects after chewing gum (p<0.05), but no significant mean differences were found between treatment groups (p>0.05). Chewing gum containing xylitol, sorbitol, and a combination of xylitol-sorbitol can reduce the risk of dental caries by increasing saliva pH.

Pengaruh Cermin terhadap Peningkatan Motivasi dan Perilaku Kebersihan Gigi Anak di TK Arimbi Palembang Arlianti, Silpi; Rhomawati, Yuli; Adinda, Nadila Betha; Marlindayanti, Marlindayanti; Wijaya, Dhandi
Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (JKGM) Vol 6 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (JKGM)
Publisher : Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi, Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36086/jkgm.v6i1.2158

Dental and oral health is important for general health and quality of life. Dental health is important, especially for children's development. Dental caries is a disorder that causes teeth to become porous due to food residue that sticks and causes calcification of the teeth. Mirrors are a health medium that can be used to increase motivation and change dental health behavior. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of using mirrors in increasing children's motivation and dental hygiene behavior at Arimbi Kindergarten, Palembang. The design of this research was experimental by conducting experiments aimed at finding out the effect of mirrors on increasing children's motivation and dental hygiene behavior. The sample using a purposive sample technique was obtained as many as 82 children. The group of children was asked 10 questions. Statistical analysis uses the T Test. The results showed that there was an influence of motivation with a value of P=0.001 (P<0.05) with an average motivation score of 1.26829 and children's dental hygiene behavior with a value of P-0.001 (P<0.05) with an average behavior score of 2.17073 . This shows that mirrors have an influence on increasing children's motivation and dental hygiene behavior.

Uji Karakteristik Bunga Telang sebagai Bahan Disclosing Pendeteksi Plak Gigi Hanum, Nur Adiba; Febriyanti, Trya; Wijaya, Dhandi; Marlindayanti, Marlindayanti; Mujiyati, Mujiyati; Ismalayani, Ismalayani
Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (JKGM) Vol 6 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (JKGM)
Publisher : Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi, Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36086/jkgm.v6i1.2205

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Plak adalah lapisan bakteri yang lengket dan tidak berwarna yang terbentuk pada gigi, karena itu untuk mendeteksi plak gigi dibantu dengan bahan yang memiliki warna yang kontras dan dapat berdifusi dalam plak yang disebut ‘bahan disklosing’. Bunga Telang (Clitoria ternatea) memiliki kandungan antosianin yang cukup tinggi, dengan warna bunga yang mencolok. Tujuan penelitian untuk menguji karakteristik bunga telang sebagai bahan disclosing pendeteksi plak gigi. Metode: penelitian eksperimen dengan rancangan postest only with control group design. Jumlah responden 32 orang berusia 17-18 tahun. Bahan bunga telang segar. Triplaque Gel sebagai bahan kontrol. Menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil: Berdasar uji karakteristik bahwa bunga telang dapat larut dalam plak gigi, menandai dengan jelas usia plak (plak tua dan plak muda), rasanya (agak manis) lebih disukai responden daripada bahan kontrol (hambar), Pada Uji klinis setelah pemberian selama 5 menit pada gigi tidak terjadi iritasi gingiva sama dengan kondisi pemberian bahan kontrol. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan uji Karakteristik, uji klinis dan uji laboratorium bunga telang dapat berfungsi sebagai bahan disklosing untuk mendeteksi plak gigi dan tidak mencegah penurunan pH saliva.

POTENSI PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK BUNGA TELANG (Clitoria ternatea) SEBAGAI BAHAN DISCLOSING PENDETEKSI PLAK GIGI Melysa, Melysa; Pratami, Syera Yuniari; Nazihah, Nailah Putri; Wijaya, Dhandi
Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (JKGM) Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (JKGM)
Publisher : Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi, Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36086/jkgm.v7i1.2819

Latar Belakang: Masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan isu yang signifikan di Indonesia. Berdasarkan data Riskesdas 2018, sebanyak 57,6% masyarakat Indonesia mengalami masalah gigi dan mulut, yang sebagian besar disebabkan oleh akumulasi plak gigi akibat kurangnya kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Plak gigi, yang merupakan kumpulan bakteri seperti Streptococcus mutans dalam matriks organik, dapat menyebabkan berbagai gangguan jika tidak ditangani dengan baik. Untuk membantu mendeteksi plak, bahan disclosing digunakan sebagai alat bantu visual untuk menilai kebersihan gigi dan mendukung keberhasilan kontrol plak. Bahan disclosing bekerja dengan memberikan warna kontras pada plak sehingga mudah terlihat. Eritrosin, salah satu bahan disclosing yang umum digunakan, memiliki kekurangan seperti sifat karsinogenik, potensi menimbulkan alergi, dan meninggalkan noda pada gigi jika digunakan dalam jangka panjang Oleh karena itu, diperlukan alternatif yang lebih aman dan ramah lingkungan, salah satunya dengan memanfaatkan sumber daya alam Indonesia. Indonesia memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang melimpah, termasuk sekitar 90.000 spesies tumbuhan, salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan adalah bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea), yang mengandung pigmen alami antosianin. Pigmen ini tidak hanya memberikan warna ungu-kebiruan yang menarik, tetapi juga bersifat antioksidan, aman digunakan sebagai pewarna alami, dan telah diakui secara internasional sebagai pewarna pangan selain itu, bunga telang juga mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti alkaloid dan flavonoid yang memiliki sifat antibakteri, yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri penyebab plak gigi. Dengan potensi ini, bunga telang dapat menjadi alternatif alami dalam pengembangan bahan disclosing yang lebih aman, efektif, dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai manfaat dan efikasi bunga telang sebagai bahan disclosing dapat memberikan solusi inovatif untuk mendukung kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat Indonesia.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi experiment yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstraks bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea) sebagai bahan disclosing. Dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 32 orang mahasiswa Tingkat 1 Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi Poltekkes Palembang, Subjek penelitian dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok yang diberikan ekstrak bunga telang sebagai bahan disclosing pendeteksi plak gigi dan kelompok pembanding menggunakan tri plaque gel. Hasil: Pada penelitian terlihat bahwa ekstrak bunga telang dapat melekat pada plak gigi, namun perlekatannya tidak sejelas apabila menggunakan disclosing buatan pabrik, selain itu usia plak gigi juga tidak dapat dibedakan secara nyata. Keadaan ini kemungkinan disebabkan oleh kadar antosianin yang tidak terlalu tinggi pada bunga telang sehingga penggunaan ekstraks bunga telang sebagai bahan disclosing pewarna plak perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan uji karakteristik, uji klinis dan uji laboratorium bunga telang dapat berfungsi sebagai bahan disclosing untuk mendeteksi plak gigi.

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