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All Journal CHMK HEALTH JOURNAL SELAPARANG: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan Jurnal Manajemen Informasi dan Administrasi Kesehatan Jurnal Ners Indonesian Journal of Global Health research Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Idea Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat Panakeia Journal of Epidemiology Proceeding Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health
Masruroh1,2, Ah Yusuf3 , Nikmatur Rohmah4, Irfansyah Baharudin Pakki5 , Anita Dewi Prahastuti Prasojo6 , Qurnia Andayani1 , *Agung Dwi Laksono7
Universitas Mulawarman
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Factors Influencing Mortality Among HIV Patients Dian Margi Utami; Irfansyah Baharuddin Pakki; Akhmad Azmiardi
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background : The World Health Organization reported that global coverage of antiretroviral therapy (ART) reached 77% in 2024; however, mortality among people living with HIV remains relatively high. Various clinical, immunological, and social factors influence treatment success and patient survival outcomes. Objective : This study aims to narratively analyze the factors associated with mortality among HIV patients receiving ART. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This narrative review identified relevant literature published between January 2020 and June 2025 through four electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The search used combinations of keywords and Boolean operators (“AND,” “OR”): “HIV” OR “Human Immunodeficiency Virus” AND “mortality” OR “death” AND “antiretroviral therapy” OR “ART” AND “survival analysis” OR “Cox regression” OR “Kaplan–Meier” AND “cohort study.” Only peer-reviewed, full-text articles in English were included. Eligible studies employed prospective or retrospective cohort designs, involved adult HIV patients receiving ART, and reported mortality outcomes analyzed using Kaplan–Meier or Cox proportional hazards models. Review articles, case reports, and studies without relevant survival or mortality data were excluded. A total of 12 studies met the inclusion criteria, primarily conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa, the Caribbean, and Latin America. Results : Mortality rates ranged from 4.2 to 11.7 per 100 person-years, with a 5-year survival rate of 81.7–88.5%. Approximately 60–70% of deaths occurred within the first year of therapy. The most consistent mortality risk factors included CD4 count <200 cells/μL (AHR 2.3–6.6), severe anemia or hemoglobin <10 g/dL (AHR 2.2–5.2), WHO clinical stage III/IV (AHR 4.3–15.0), poor functional status (bedridden/ambulatory) (AHR 3.0–9.5), tuberculosis co-infection (AHR 1.9–4.1), and poor ART adherence (AHR 3.3–9.6). Sociodemographic factors such as being unmarried, low education, and poverty also increased mortality risk (AHR 1.6–3.7). Conversely, good ART adherence, cotrimoxazole prophylaxis (CPT) use, adequate nutritional status (BMI ≥18.5 kg/m²), and CD4 ≥200 cells/μL were significant protective factors. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Mortality among adult HIV patients in developing countries remains high, particularly within the first year of ART and among individuals with low immunity, anemia, or tuberculosis co-infection. Strengthening anemia and TB screening, optimizing ART adherence, and early identification of patients with low CD4 counts should be prioritized to reduce mortality rates.
Non-communicable diseases, especially Diabetes Mellitus, inUmrah/Hajj pilgrims: community prevention and management efforts Heny Surya Widiyaningsih; Irfansyah Baharuddin Pakki; Yadi Yadi
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), especially Diabetes Mellitus (DM), pose a major health risk for Umrah and Hajj pilgrims. This population often comprises elderly individuals with pre-existing comorbidities. The physically demanding and crowded environment of pilgrimage increases the likelihood of severe complications, such as cardiovascular events and diabetic foot ulcers. Objective : This narrative review aims to synthesize evidence on the prevalence, contributing factors, and behavioral interventions addressing DM among pilgrims. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A synthesis of 34 articles published between 2010 and 2024 from PubMed and Google Scholar revealed that up to 58.2% of pilgrims have NCDs, with 87.9% categorized as high-risk. The primary determinants of morbidity and mortality include older age, hypertension, DM, and obesity. DM-related complications are frequent, with hypoglycemia reported in 37% of cases and foot wounds in 31%. Results : Interventions based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) effectively improved diabetes selfcare behaviors. Among HBM constructs, self-efficacy and perceived benefits were the strongest predictors of treatment adherence and proper disease management. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : NCDs remain a critical health concern among Umrah and Hajj pilgrims. Comprehensive screening and predictive models are essential to identify high-risk individuals before departure. In addition, structured behavioral education that enhances self-efficacy should be prioritized to strengthen chronic disease management throughout the pilgrimage.
The Effect of Screen Time on Dental Caries in Adolescents: A Narrative Review Hesty Erika Silitonga; Irfansyah Baharuddin Pakki; Verry Asfirizal; Akhmad Azmiardi
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Dental caries is a chronic disease with a high prevalence among adolescents. With the advancement of technology, screen time has become a a daily activity. Excessive screen time can lead to encourage a sedentary lifestyle, which may impact oral health. Objective : This review aims to synthesize scientific evidence from various studies to explain how prolonged screen time contributes to caries risk in adolescents. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This narrative review synthesizes relevant research articles to gain a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between screen time and dental caries. Articles were searched through major electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, focusing on publications from 2016 to 2025. Articles included in the review discussed screen time habits among adolescents, the impact of screen time on dental caries or oral health, were written in Indonesian or English. Results : A literature review of 30 articles reported a positive association between high screen time and increased caries risk in adolescents. Behavioral changes were the main mediators of this association. Many studies described two primary mechanisms: prolonged screen time significantly increased cariogenic dietary habits while using devices and excessive screen time reduces oral hygiene practices. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Excessive screen time acts as a significant behavioral risk factor for dental caries in adolescents because it can trigger unhealthy dietary patterns and reduce oral hygiene practices. Counseling, reducing screen time, education on tooth brushing, healthy eating, and fluoride using can reduce the risk of dental caries.
Analysis of Hypertension, Smoking, Family History, and Obesity as Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease at the Kesdim Military Hospital Samarinda Intan Kurnia; Irfansyah Baharuddin Pakki; Akhmad Azmiardi
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Stunting remains a significant chronic nutritional problem in Indonesia, particularly among children born to adolescent mothers. These young mothers often face limitations in nutritional knowledge, lower health literacy, and suboptimal reproductive preparedness, which collectively increase the risk of stunting in their children. Objective : This study aimed to conduct a review to determine the association between adolescent mothers’ nutritional knowledge and the incidence of stunting in toddlers, and to identify the contributing factors. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This was a systematic review conducting following the PRISMA guidelines and utilizing the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) framework. Articles were collected through searching the Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Crossref databases for studies up to October 2025. Two reviewers independently screened and included full- text article that examined Mothers Knowledge and stunting, focusing on the concept of knowledge, adolescent mother, and stunting. Results : A review included five articles. Adolescent mothers’ knowledge had a significant association with the incidence of stunting. This association was often strengthened by confounding factors such as socio-economic status, low education levels, limited access to healthcare services, and inadequate childcare practices. Several studies found that improving maternal nutritional literacy and initiating early prenatal care can effectively reduce the risk of stunting in children. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Low nutritional knowledge among adolescent mothers is confirmed as an important determinant of stunting in toddlers. Intervention efforts need to be focused on enhancing the education and nutritional literacy of adolescent girls through structured programs, including school-based education, adolescent mother classes in community health centers (Puskesmas), and targeted community campaigns. The integrated approach is crucial to break the intergenerational cycle of stunting and foster the development of quality human resources.
Description of Community Satisfaction at Puskesmas Lok Bahu During The Implementation of Primary Care Integration Zulhijrian Noor; Ratno Adrianto; Irfansyah Baharuddin Pakki
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : In January 2025, the Mayor's decree designated all Community Health Center in Samarinda as Primary Health Service Integration Implementers. The initiative aims offer comprehensive services the encompass all stage of life, from infancy to the erderly. It is expected that change will improve the quality of care and enhance community satisfaction. Puskesmas Lok Bahu measures satisfaction through the Community Satisfaction Survey in accordance with Permenpan No.14 of 2017. Over the past three years, satisfaction scores have shown some variation but have consistenly remain in the very good category. Objective : This reasearch aims to describe community satisfaction at Puskesmas Lok Bahu during the implementation of primary care integration. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This reasearch employs a descriptive method, utilizing secondary data collected from a community satisfaction survey in first semester of 2025 from 398 respondents at Puskesmas Lok Bahu Results : The Community Satisfaction Index stands of 89. The lowest score was related to serviced periode, which received at rating of 3.435, while the highest score were for handling complaints from service users and service rates, both of which scored 3.857. A notable issue with service timing was identified due to an insufficient number of medical personnel in relation to patient visits, the center had only two doctors, and one of whom also served as the head of Puskesmas Conclusion/Lesson Learned : It is recommended to consider the addition of medical personnel and to enhance the queuing system along with information technology solutions to effectively redice patient wait times.
Analisis Pengaruh Nilai yang Dirasakan dan Kepuasan Terhadap Loyalitas Pasien Puskesmas di Kota Samarinda Noor Hariyani; Ratno Andrianto; Nur Rohmah; Rahmat Bakhtiar; Irfansyah Baharuddin Pakki; Ida Ayu Indira Dwika Lestari; Dian Ayu Fitriani
Jurnal Ners Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): APRIL 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jn.v10i2.55092

Abstract

Service quality in public health centers (Puskesmas) plays a crucial role in shaping patient perceptions and behaviors, which in turn influence patient loyalty. In Samarinda City, declines in patient visits and the achievement of Minimum Service Standards (MSS) indicate ongoing challenges in primary healthcare services. This study aims to analyze the effects of perceived value and patient satisfaction on patient loyalty at Puskesmas. Using a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design, the study involved 420 respondents selected through cluster random sampling and convenience sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability and were analyzed using path analysis. The results show that perceived value has a positive and significant effect on patient loyalty (β = 0.2405), while patient satisfaction demonstrates a stronger influence on loyalty (β = 0.3410). In addition, patient satisfaction mediates the relationship between perceived value and loyalty, whereas perceived value acts as a mediating variable in the relationship between satisfaction and loyalty. These findings confirm that patient loyalty is shaped not only by direct effects but also through reciprocal mediating relationships between perceived value and patient satisfaction.
Distribution Pattern Of Dengue Fever Cases Based On The Distribution Of Aedes Aegypti With Wolbachia In Bontang City In 2023–2024 Indah Ribka Baware; Siswanto; Irfansyah Baharuddin Pakki
Panakeia Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Panakeia Journal of Epidemiology
Publisher : Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/86253c79

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution of dengue incidence and the implementation of the Aedes aegypti Wolbachia program in Bontang City. A descriptive ecological design with a spatial analysis approach was used, utilizing secondary data from the Bontang City Health Office during 2023–2024. Prior to the intervention, high incidence rates (IR) were observed in several sub-districts, particularly Gunung Telihan, Bontang Lestari, Berbas Pantai, and Kanaan, indicating active transmission hotspots. During the early phase of the program, IR remained fluctuating, with increases observed in areas such as Berbas Tengah and Gunung Telihan. However, in subsequent periods, a general decline in IR was identified in several high-risk areas, including Gunung Telihan and Kanaan. The distribution of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes showed a gradual increase over time, especially in sub-districts such as Belimbing, Kanaan, and Tanjung Laut, although fluctuations were still observed in some locations. Overall, the findings suggest that the Wolbachia program contributed to reducing dengue transmission, despite variations in its spatial distribution across sub-districts.  
Hubungan Kepemimpinan Autentik Terhadap Kinerja Melalui Komitmen Afektif Pada Pegawai Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Ratu Aji Putri Botung Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara Nurlianti Nurlianti Nurlianti; Ratno Adrianto; Rahmad Bakhtiar; Irfansyah Baharuddin Pakki; Iriani Iriani; Ida Ayu Indira Dwika Lestari; Tetra Hidayati
Jurnal Ners Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jn.v10i3.58078

Abstract

Kinerja pegawai merupakan faktor utama dalam menentukan efektivitas pelayanan rumah sakit, terutama pada rumah sakit pemerintah daerah yang menghadapi tuntutan mutu pelayanan dan keterbatasan sumber daya. Kinerja pegawai tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan individu, tetapi juga oleh penerapan gaya kepemimpinan dan keterikatan emosional pegawai terhadap organisasi. Kepemimpinan autentik (authentic leadership) merupakan gaya kepemimpinan yang menekankan kesadaran diri (self-awareness), perspektif moral terinternalisasi (internalized moral perspective), pemrosesan informasi yang seimbang (balanced processing), serta transparansi relasional (relational transparency). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan kepemimpinan autentik terhadap kinerja pegawai serta menguji peran komitmen afektif sebagai variabel mediasi pada pegawai RSUD Ratu Aji Putri Botung Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel berjumlah 200 pegawai yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner berskala Likert 1–5, dan analisis data dilakukan dengan metode Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan autentik berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap komitmen afektif (β=0,532; t=8,340; p=0,000); komitmen afektif berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai (β=0,396; t=5,092; p=0,000); kepemimpinan autentik berpengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan secara langsung terhadap kinerja pegawai (β=0,110; t=1,281; p=0,201); dan komitmen afektif terbukti memediasi secara penuh (full mediation) hubungan antara kepemimpinan autentik dan kinerja pegawai (β=0,211; t=3,931; p=0,000). Disimpulkan bahwa penerapan kepemimpinan autentik di RSUD Ratu Aji Putri Botung mampu meningkatkan kinerja pegawai apabila terlebih dahulu mampu membangun komitmen afektif yang kuat. Penelitian ini berkontribusi secara teoritis dalam pengembangan kajian perilaku organisasi sektor kesehatan, serta memberikan implikasi praktis bagi manajemen rumah sakit dalam merancang strategi kepemimpinan yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kinerja pegawai dan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan.
Analisis Model Regresi Ketepatan Waktu Vaksinasi Meningitis Pada Jamaah Umrah di Balai Kekarantinaan Kesehatan Kelas I Samarinda Alwan Zakki Nozomi; Irfansyah Baharuddin Pakki; Akhmad Azmiardi; Ratno Adrianto; Ida Ayu Indira Dwika Lestari; Yadi Yadi
Jurnal Ners Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jn.v10i3.60049

Abstract

Timeliness of meningitis vaccination among Umrah pilgrims remains an important public health issue due to the high risk of Neisseria meningitidis transmission during umrah activities. Although meningitis vaccination is a mandatory requirement for Umrah pilgrims, many individuals still receive the vaccine close to their departure date, resulting in suboptimal immune protection. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with the timeliness of meningitis vaccination among Umrah pilgrims at the Health Quarantine Office Samarinda in 2026. A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 306 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and vaccination records, then analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The findings revealed that individual factors, including knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and attitudes, were significantly associated with vaccination timeliness. External factors such as access to information, travel agent support, and family support, as well as structural factors including distance accessibility, procedural convenience, and availability of health facilities, also demonstrated significant associations with timely vaccination. Multivariate analysis identified the most dominant factor influencing vaccination timeliness among Umrah pilgrims. The study concludes that the timeliness of meningitis vaccination is influenced by a combination of individual, social. Keywords : meningitis vaccination, timeliness, Umrah pilgrims.
Faktor Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Tindakan Pengendalian dm Tipe II Pada Jamaah Umrah di Balai Kekarantinaan Kelas I Samarinda Heny Surya Widiyaningsih; Irfansyah Baharuddin Pakki; Yadi Yadi
Jurnal Ners Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jn.v10i3.60159

Abstract

Diabetes Melitus (DM) Tipe II merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang prevalensinya terus meningkat dan menjadi tantangan kesehatan global. Jamaah umrah dengan DM Tipe II memiliki risiko mengalami komplikasi akibat aktivitas fisik yang tinggi, perubahan pola makan, serta kondisi lingkungan selama pelaksanaan ibadah. Oleh karena itu, tindakan pengendalian diabetes yang optimal menjadi faktor penting dalam menjaga kondisi kesehatan jamaah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan tindakan pengendalian DM Tipe II pada jamaah umrah di Balai Kekarantinaan Kesehatan Kelas I Samarinda. Penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 160 jamaah umrah penderita DM Tipe II yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner berdasarkan konstruk Health Belief Model (HBM) dan instrumen Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA), kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-Square dan regresi logistik biner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa durasi menderita DM, kadar gula darah, persepsi kerentanan, persepsi keparahan, persepsi manfaat, persepsi hambatan, dan efikasi diri berhubungan signifikan dengan tindakan pengendalian DM Tipe II (p<0,05). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa kadar gula darah (OR=65,178) dan efikasi diri (OR=10,178) merupakan faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan tindakan pengendalian DM Tipe II. Penguatan efikasi diri dan pemantauan kadar gula darah secara berkala perlu menjadi fokus dalam pembinaan kesehatan jamaah umrah dengan DM Tipe II.
Co-Authors Adrianto, Ratno Agustina Simanangi Pamowa Akhmad Azmiardi Akhmad Azmiardi Alwan Zakki Nozomi Anita Sari Asrianti, Tanti Astuti Astuti Ayudhia Rachmawati Chaerunnisa AR Desy Hajizah Dian Ayu Fitriani Dian Margi Utami Dwi Astuti Noor Wijayanti Endah Dwi Setianingtyas Gloria Priska Britani Sumlang Heny Surya Widiyaningsih Heny Surya Widiyaningsih Hesty Erika Silitonga Hilda Hilda Hilda Hilda Ida Ayu Indira Dwika Lestari Indah Ribka Baware Intan Kurnia Ira Puspa Rachmawati Iriani Iriani Iriyani K Iryani Kamaruddin Ismail AB Iwan Muhamad Ramdan Iwan Muhammad Ramdam Lestiani Aulia Hasmy Lisa Septiana Miako Pasinggi Mochamad Makin Muh Amri Arfandi Muh Amri Arfandi Muh. Amri Arfandi Muhammad Imam Utama Namira Dwi Faza Nindy Nurhalizah Noor Hariyani Norsehan Norsehan Nunuk Kusuma Wardani Nunuk Sudarmiyati Nur Rohmah Nurlianti Nurlianti Nursakti Nursakti Palupi Setyo Hapsari Rahmad Bakhtiar Rahmat Bahtiar Rahmat Bakhtiar Ratno Andrianto Rikha Nur Risdayanti Rilla Nadhirah Rina Tri Agustini Rinna Rahmatika Purwanti Risva S Siswanto Saefurrohim, Muhamad Zakki Samsinar Basri Siswanto Siswanto Siswanto Sumarni Sumarni Verry Asfirizal Yadi Yadi Yadi Yasir Yudi Jaya Cahyana Yulvia Septi Annnisa Zulhijrian Noor