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Hypoxia-inducible Factor-2α Probably Mediated the Toxicities of Intravenous Beta-Cyclodextrin in Normal and Diabetic Rats’ Kidneys Anita Purnamayanti; Suharjono; Mahardian Rahmadi
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 12 No. 3 (2025): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v12i32025.372-381

Abstract

Background: Intravenous β-cyclodextrin administration poses an increased risk of toxicity. Objective: This study aimed to determine the nephrotoxicity of intravenous beta-cyclodextrin (BCD) and its underlying molecular mechanism. Methods: Sixteen Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the healthy or diabetic test group, which received a daily intravenous injection of water for injection or a 6% beta-cyclodextrin solution, respectively, for 28 days. Histopathology was analyzed semi-quantitatively on a 0-5 score basis, and RT-PCR was used to quantify the mRNA expression of HIF-1, HIF-2, IL-1, IL-6, IL-18, and eNOS. Results: There were no deaths in any of the groups, and renal function declined in the test groups. Histopathological findings revealed abnormalities in vascular integrity, cellular infiltration/damage, and necrosis in the kidney, while the relative expression of mRNA for hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), a marker of regional renal hypoxia, was upregulated. Conclusion:  Intravenous administration of beta-cyclodextrin increases the risk of nephrotoxicity, and the molecular mechanisms underlying kidney injury are probably mediated by hypoxia inducible factors-2α (HIF-2α). We strongly suggest that future research should be conducted with an adequate sample size.
Application Design "Test Job Application" On Android OS Using The AHP Algorithm Suharjono; Hari Sugiarto; Istiqomah Sumadikarta; Muhammad Ryansyah; Muhammad Hilman Fakhriza; Arman Syah Putra
International Journal of Educational Research & Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 5 (2021): October 2021
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijersc.v2i5.185

Abstract

The background of this research is how to make an application that makes it easier for job seekers to find work with an Android-based application method so that it can be done anywhere and anytime with a very small quota. Helped and employers and companies will also be helped. The method used in this research is to use the method of studying literature or literature by reading many journals related to this research, after that make a prototype so that it can be given an appearance. This research will be able to see whether it is successfully used or not. The problem raised in this research is how to help job seekers find work without leaving the house and being able to search for jobs around the world using only an Android based application that can be done from home. This research produces a prototype system that will be made in the future, so that it can help workers in finding work and companies in finding workers.