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Membaca Persoalan Hijab dan Otonomi Perempuan Melalui Epistemology Ignorance Pertiwi, Saniyah; Asnawi, Naupal
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 12, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Apart from its religious values, the hijab has currently developed into a lifestyle. The issue concerning the hijab in Indonesia has evolved over time with a fascinating complexity that is worth to be examined. The Indonesian people who have the habit of questioning the decision to wear or not to wear the hijab illustrates that the choice of Indonesian women is not considered as a personal matter. This research will discuss how the phenomenon of “questioning the decision to wear or not wear the hijab” is based on the epistemology of ignorance, which investigates and explains how ignorance is formed and preserved in this phenomenon. The revelation of the women’s complex experiences concerning their hijab is part of the epistemology of ignorance. This research uses a literature study method to obtain sources and present data, followed by a critical reflection method to explore and reflect on ignorance in the phenomenon under study. This article concludes that interfering in women’s decisions to wear or not to wear the hijab is a form of ignoring women’s subjective experiences and women’s autonomy because it creates misunderstandings and violates human rights.
READING “SOCIO-DEMOCRACY” OF PANCASILA THROUGH GADAMER'S HERMENEUTICS Sugiarto, Toto; Asnawi, Naupal
International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 8, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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DE-RADICALIZATION OF FUNDAMENTALISM THROUGH THE THOUGHT OF MOHAMMED ARKOUN Rezan, Muhammad; Asnawi, Naupal
International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 4, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Fundamentalism in religion has become an important issue in people's lives, especially in areas with high heterogeneity. The emergence of various cases of attacks against innocent people in the name of religion, has become an irony of its own, especially for religious believers. The irony arises when religion teaches peace in diversity, but there are many irregularities in its implementation. Various factors in the emergence of fundamentalism in religion do not necessarily become a reason for the lack of efforts to deradicalize this understanding. Mohammed Arkoun, through his various studies, has raised the significance of a re-understanding of religious texts with the present context. Relevance of religion - as a guideline for human life - is essential, especially in the current era of disruption. Based on these matters, this study was made to present the deradicalization of fundamentalism through a re-understanding of religious texts in a critical and integrated manner. Arkoun explained that the main problem in this matter was the effort to make religion an institutional product whose interpretation was absolute, which led to a single understanding. This incident is contrary to the concept of Islam as a religion that is rahmatanlilaminalamin (Islam as a religion that brings grace and prosperity to all people). By utilizing a disruption era that recognizes change quickly and radically, this moment can be used well to provide a comprehensive, integrated, and credible religious knowledge forum, and of course with a high level of accessibility.
DIALOGUE BETWEEN ISLAM AND ENVIRONTMENTAL ETHICS THROUGH THE SEYYED HOSSEIN NASR THOUGHT Nugraha, Aulia Rahman; Asnawi, Naupal
International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 4, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Islam is often regarded as a religion that teaches anthropocentrism through the concept of the caliph in which humans occupy a central position on earth. However, the concept of the caliph itself is a complex concept where the special status of humans always implies a moral obligation. Through alternative explanatory methods and critical reflection, the authors try to clarify the concept of the caliph and show the teachings of Islam that are environmentally friendly through the thought of Seyyed Hossein Nasr. Philosophy and environmental ethics of Nasr have two major projects, namely the resacralization of nature and the clarification of the concept of the caliph through Insan Kamil. For Nasr, man has the ability to control nature, and therefore he must increase his spirituality in the light of monotheism to understand nature holistically. A holistic understanding of nature opens the awareness that humans and nature have intimate, anthropocosmic relationships in which both share the same archetype. The Islamic environmental ethics approach of Nasr seeks to show that Islamic teachings maintain human and natural values without reducing one of the two. The conclusions in this paper show that Islam is compatible with environmental ethics insofar as the interpretation is aimed at this. Islam teaches respect for nature since the concept of the caliph shows that humans have responsibilities and intimate relationships with their environment.
Problem Argumen Improbabilitas dalam The God Delusion: Kritik terhadap New Atheism Dawkins Alfarizi, Reza; Asnawi, Naupal
MELINTAS An International Journal of Philosophy and Religion (MIJPR) Vol. 38 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Philosophy, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/mel.v38i3.7409

Abstract

This article aims to criticize the improbability argument put forth by Dawkins, which serves as the central thesis in the new atheism. Dawkins uses this thesis to justify religion as the root of evil and violence, while also forms the basis for the denial of the existence of God. The improbability argument fundamentally has some issues ontologically, epistemologically, and ethically. Dawkins constructs the improbability argument by referring to his explanation in “The Ultimate Boeing 747” and the theory of natural selection, in which he considers creation from nothingness to be as improbable as the spontaneous formation of a Boeing 747 from a tornado’s debris. Dawkins also criticizes the NOMA perspective that positions Science and Theology as equals. Through the framework of critical realism, this article demonstrates the philosophical problems in Dawkins’ improbability argument, which reduces reality (ontology) based on subjective perception (epistemology), and thus obscuring the uniqueness of natural phenomenon and negating the existence of God. Alternative ethical perspectives regarding religion and God are presented to address Dawkins’ accusations to religion as a source of evil and violence.
A REFUTATION FROM CAPITALISM TOWARD ENVIRONMENTALISM’S CRITICS RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM Farucha, Riska Fara; Asnawi, Naupal
International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 6, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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From environmentalism’s perspective, there are four fundamental assumptions that make capitalism inconsistent with efforts to preserve the environment. First, unlimited growth in the capitalist system is contradicted with limited environmental conditions. Second, the basic principles of capitalism (individual freedom, self-interests, and free-market) are not compatible with efforts to preserve the environment. Third, capitalism has caused a "metabolic rift" between society and the ecosystem. Fourth, the tendency of capitalism that creates consumer society will produce massive pollution. This article is intended to refute these four environmentalism critics and also demonstrate the coherence of the theory of capitalism on environmental preservation. To accomplish this aim, the method of refutation is first used to show the shortcomings of the claim about environmentalism in its critique, then continue with an analytical explanation of the whole theory of capitalism, and conclude with a theoretical elaboration of all these concepts. This paper argues that environmentalism critics are irrelevant because capitalism is actually capable of preserving the environment.
MENUJU KEBIJAKAN SOSIAL BERORIENTASI KAPABILITAS: TELAAH PEMIKIRAN AMARTYA SEN DAN MARTHA NUSSBAUM Iswahyudi, Iswahyudi; Asnawi, Naupal
Multikultura Vol. 3, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Artikel ini menyajikan kerangka evolusi kebijakan sosial, dengan fokus khusus pada upaya mewujudkan kebijakan sosial yang berorientasi pada kapabilitas (capability-oriented approach). Penelitian ini disusun berdasarkan karya Sen dan Nussbaum yang memberikan pendekatan kapabilitas sebagai kerangka kerja yang berharga untuk mengembangkan kebijakan sosial guna mendorong pembangunan dan kesejahteraan manusia. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi keterbatasan dan kegagalan kebijakan sosial tradisional, dengan menekankan ketergantungannya pada pertumbuhan ekonomi yang berdampak pada pengorbanan kebebasan dan bakat individu. Penelitian ini juga menyoroti potensi kebijakan sosial yang berorientasi pada kapabilitas untuk meningkatkan kapasitas manusia dan mendorong keadilan sosial. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis konseptual dan analisis kritis. Hasil penelitian ini mendorong agar fokus kebijakan sosial yang ada saat ini lebih ditekankan pada upaya peningkatan kapabilitas untuk mengurangi ketidaksetaraan.
MEMURNIKAN AJARAN ISLAM DARI IDEOLOGI RADIKAL MELALUI HERMENEUTIKA PAUL RICOEUR Syifa, Shafira Nurul; Asnawi, Naupal
Multikultura Vol. 1, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Tulisan ini didasari atas kekhawatiran penulis terhadap berkembanngnya persepsi di masyarakat Indonesia bahwa agama Islam itu penuh dengan ajaran-ajaran radikal. Persepsi ini menjadi penting dibahas untuk mencegah pembenaran bahwa radikalisme adalah wajah Islam sesungguhnya. Untuk itu perlu ada upaya pemurnian terhadap persepsi-persepsi yang telah melekat pada Islam. Dalam melakukan upaya pemurnian diperlukan upaya pemahaman kembali terhadap persepsi yang berkembang, hingga faktor lain yang mempengaruhi perkembangan persepsi itu. Hermeneutika menjadi pendekatan yang tepat untuk mencapai tujuan pemurnian dan melakukan upaya pemahaman kembali terhadap persepsi yang berkembang terhadap Islam. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan hermeneutika dari Paul Ricoeur, karena bagi Ricoeur hermeneutika tidak hanya sebagai cara pemahaman kembali, tapi menekankan fungsinya sebagai kritik ideologi. Temuan penulis bahwa adanya persepsi tentang Islam radikal karena terdapat peran dari gerakan sosial Islam radikal dan diframing oleh media massa.
KRITIK IBNU RUSYD ATAS KONSEP EMANASI IBNU SINA DALAM FILSAFAT ISLAM Salsabila, Aghnia; Asnawi, Naupal
Multikultura Vol. 1, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Filsafat Islam berawal dari usaha penerjemahan teks filsafat Yunani atas dasar kebutuhan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan. Adalah Ibn Sina, salah satu filsuf muslim mengelaborasikan konsep emanasi Neoplatonisme sebagai usaha validasi konsep ketuhanan dalam Islam Namun, terjadi percampuran teks ajaran Aristoteles dengan ajaran Neoplatonisme. Kemudian, kritik dari Ibnu Rusyd meluruskan kembali ajaran Aristoteles dari pengaruh orang ketiga, termasuk konsep emanasi dari Ibnu Sina. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif: melakukan deskripsi dan analisis atas tulisan/komentar atas pemikiran Ibn Sina dan Ibn Rusyd. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah kritik Ibnu Rusyd berperan 1) menjelaskan adanya percampuran konsep Aristoteles dan Neoplatonisme, 2) menjelaskan ketidakcocokan ajaran Neoplatonisme dengan ajran agama Islam yang ada dalam konsep emanasi Ibnu Sina.
Tinjauan Filosofis Pragmatisme John Dewey Terhadap Persoalan Sekularisasi Agama: John Dewey's Philosophical Review of Pragmatism on the Problem of the Secularization of Religion Santiago, Dominiq Fransz; Asnawi, Naupal
Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Undiksha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jfi.v7i3.74847

Abstract

This article attempts to elaborate on John Dewey's views on the practical-pragmatic role of religion, and looks at the importance of reinterpreting traditional ideas of religion, such as faith and God, so that people would not get false conception about religion. Thus, using a critical analysis method of literature references and through the views of John Dewey, this paper aims to provide an understanding of the strategic role of religion in society, apart from being a system of societal beliefs that shapes individual ethical behavior, as well as a basis for building societal morals, which through this understanding, it is hoped that we can stem secularization which is increasingly diminishing the role of religion in society. Religion can be said to be society's moral compass which helps construct society's ethical life. As time and technology develop, religion also develops through various forms in an effort to adapt. The recent problem is that society from a secular perspective tends to assume that morality can be achieved outside of religion. Secularization is inevitable because religion is seen as something that is often used for political purposes rather than as a moral guidance for society. Therefore, religion today is seen more as a private matter, and should not be included in public affairs. This phenomenon is adapted to the view of secularism which emphasizes rational and logical thinking, while religion is closely related to sacred values that are supernatural. The conclusion is that through Dewey's Pragmatism, we can see that religion pragmatically is a moral guideline for society and a belief system that carries the values of fairness, justice, peace, so as to create a dynamic and harmonious society amidst the various differences that exist.