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Hubungan Jumlah Item Obat Dengan Potensi Kejadian Interaksi Obat Di Intensive Care Unit Rumah Sakit Efarina Pematangsiantar Nainggolan, Berliana Christina; Nainggolan, Oshin Maria; Sumule, Arsiaty
BEST Journal (Biology Education, Sains and Technology) Vol 8, No 2 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/best.v8i2.12504

Abstract

Pasien yang dirawat di ruang ICU umumnya memiliki kondisi medis yang kompleks dan kritis, sehingga memerlukan berbagai jenis obat dalam satu waktu. Kondisi ini meningkatkan kemungkinan terjadinya interaksi antar obat yang berisiko mengganggu efektivitas terapi dan membahayakan keselamatan pasien. Polifarmasi menjadi salah satu faktor utama yang berkontribusi terhadap risiko tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional) dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitik. Data diperoleh dari 78 rekam medis pasien ICU Rumah Sakit Efarina Pematang Siantar selama Januari–Desember 2024. Penilaian interaksi obat dilakukan menggunakan basis data Micromedex dan Medscape, sedangkan analisis statistik dilakukan dengan uji Chi-Square untuk menilai hubungan antara jumlah item obat dan potensi kejadian interaksi obat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 97,4% pasien mengalami potensi interaksi obat, dengan total 579 kasus yang teridentifikasi. Jenis interaksi paling umum adalah interaksi farmakodinamik (61,5%), dan mayoritas dikategorikan sebagai interaksi dengan tingkat keparahan berat (62,4%). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara jumlah obat yang diberikan dan potensi interaksi obat (p = 0,000). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa jumlah obat yang tinggi pada pasien ICU secara signifikan berkorelasi dengan meningkatnya risiko interaksi obat. Oleh karena itu, pemantauan dan evaluasi terapi obat secara komprehensif sangat penting untuk mengurangi risiko efek samping yang merugikan
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen Pada Apotek RAMA Pematangsiantar Sihombing, Yodih Agrida; Efendi, Gindo; Sumule, Arsiaty
BEST Journal (Biology Education, Sains and Technology) Vol 8, No 2 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/best.v8i2.13039

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan konsumen di Apotek Rama Pematangsiantar dan seberapa besar pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan konsumen di Apotek Rama Pematangsiantar. Hipotesis penulis bahwa kualitas pelayanan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif dan metode analisis statistik. Dengan menggunakan data primer. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji-t, dengan tingkat signifikansi (α) 5%. Analisis data menggunakan perangkat lunak pengolah data statistik yaitu SPSS versi 25 for windows. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama periode tahun 2025. Hasil uji t (secara individual) menunjukkan bahwa variabel Kualitas Pelayanan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen. Hasil koefisien determinasi dalam penelitian ini sebesar 0,799. Artinya kepuasan konsumen dipengaruhi oleh variabel kualitas pelayanan sebesar 79,9% sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain
The Optimization of Polyvinyl Alcohol and Stearic Acid in Citronella EssentialOil (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle) Paper Soap Formula as An Antibacterial for Staphylococcus aureus Sumule, Arsiaty; Endang Diyah Ikasari; Cahyani, Intan Martha; Vitara, Dea
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Introduction: Hands that look clean can be a medium for transmitting germs. Therefore, one of the prevention efforts that can be done is diligently washing hands using soap and running water, so that practical soap preparations such as paper soap are needed. The high content of terpenoid compounds and strong antibacterial activity in citronella essential oil (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle) has the potential to be developed in paper soap preparations. The paper soap formulation of citronella essential oil was prepared using a combination of PVA and stearic acid. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of the using PVA and stearic acid on physical characteristics in the citronella essential oil paper soap and determine the ratio of the concentrations of PVA and stearic acid in the optimum formula using the Simplex Lattice Design method. Methods: Paper soap formula optimization analyzed by Simplex Lattice Design method using Design Expert 10.0.1. Optimized parameters were pH, foam stability, free alkali, tensile strength, and percentage elongation. The optimum formula was tested for antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus aureus. Results: The results of Design Expert 10.0.1 showed that the optimum formula with a concentration ratio of PVA was 5.113% and stearic acid was 2.387%. The experimental results obtained an average of pH 10.95; foam stability 90.66%; free alkali 0.08%; tensile strength 0.7185 N/m2; and percentage elongation 15.12%. The results of the one sample T-test showed that these observations are differed not significantly to the result of the predictions indicating that the equation of each optimization parameter was valid except for the percentage elongation. The optimum formula has antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus aureus with a diameter of 8.52 mm. Conclusion: PVA and stearic acid have a significant effect on optimization response.
The Optimization of Polyvinyl Alcohol and Stearic Acid in Citronella EssentialOil (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle) Paper Soap Formula as An Antibacterial for Staphylococcus aureus Sumule, Arsiaty; Endang Diyah Ikasari; Cahyani, Intan Martha; Vitara, Dea
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Introduction: Hands that look clean can be a medium for transmitting germs. Therefore, one of the prevention efforts that can be done is diligently washing hands using soap and running water, so that practical soap preparations such as paper soap are needed. The high content of terpenoid compounds and strong antibacterial activity in citronella essential oil (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle) has the potential to be developed in paper soap preparations. The paper soap formulation of citronella essential oil was prepared using a combination of PVA and stearic acid. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of the using PVA and stearic acid on physical characteristics in the citronella essential oil paper soap and determine the ratio of the concentrations of PVA and stearic acid in the optimum formula using the Simplex Lattice Design method. Methods: Paper soap formula optimization analyzed by Simplex Lattice Design method using Design Expert 10.0.1. Optimized parameters were pH, foam stability, free alkali, tensile strength, and percentage elongation. The optimum formula was tested for antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus aureus. Results: The results of Design Expert 10.0.1 showed that the optimum formula with a concentration ratio of PVA was 5.113% and stearic acid was 2.387%. The experimental results obtained an average of pH 10.95; foam stability 90.66%; free alkali 0.08%; tensile strength 0.7185 N/m2; and percentage elongation 15.12%. The results of the one sample T-test showed that these observations are differed not significantly to the result of the predictions indicating that the equation of each optimization parameter was valid except for the percentage elongation. The optimum formula has antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus aureus with a diameter of 8.52 mm. Conclusion: PVA and stearic acid have a significant effect on optimization response.