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All Journal Amerta Nutrition Journal of Indonesian Specialized Nutrition
Sitorus, Nova Lidia
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Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Other

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OPTIMIZING IRON ABSORPTION IN CHILDREN THROUGH VITAMIN C SUPPLEMENTATION AND FORTIFICATION: A REVIEW Aulia, Bianda; Notarianti, Rizna; Larasati, Adisti; Sitorus, Nova Lidia
Journal of Indonesian Specialized Nutrition Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Indonesian Specialized Nutrition
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63953/jisn.v3i3.55

Abstract

Background: Iron deficiency aeamia is common in children, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, where diets are typically low in bioavailable iron and infections are prevalent. As vitamin C enhances non-heme iron absorption, this review explores current evidence on its role in improving iron status in children. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar and included studies published from January 2000 to June 2025. Search terms combined keywords related to “vitamin C”, “iron absorption”, “supplementation”, “fortification”, “children”, and “anemia”. Results: Iron absorption in children is influenced by iron form, dietary factors, and developmental stage, with infants and young children at greatest risk of deficiency. Vitamin C is an enhancer of non-heme iron absorption, counteracting inhibitors such as phytates and calcium. Trials combining oral iron with vitamin C supplementation generally showed greater increases in hemoglobin and ferritin compared with iron alone, particularly among children with iron deficiency. Evidence from fortification studies is limited and varies due to differences in study design. Conclusion: Vitamin C co-supplementation might improve iron status in children. However, existing evidence remains insufficient to support specific recommendations for children.
THE HIDDEN COGNITIVE BURDEN OF CHILDHOOD ANEMIA: EVIDENCE FROM GLOBAL STUDIES Mariani, Endang; Sitorus, Nova Lidia; Amanda, Rachel; Piscesa, Saskia
Journal of Indonesian Specialized Nutrition Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Indonesian Specialized Nutrition
Publisher : PT. Varians Statistik Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63953/jisn.v4i1.74

Abstract

Introduction: Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) remains one of the most significant public health problems worldwide. Prior studies have shown associations between low iron status/iron deficiency anemia and poor child development outcomes. Studies suggested IDA among younger children may cause permanent cognitive and/or developmental disabilities. Methods: Literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2006 and 2025. Search terms included “anemia,” “children,” “pediatric,” “iron deficiency,” “cognitive,” “child development,” and “child nutrition.” Inclusion criteria of this review: pediatric populations (0–18 years), anemia-supplementation interventions, and outcomes related to nutrition, biochemical markers, or nutritional status. Fifteen core studies (RCTs, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and narrative reviews) met all inclusion criteria. Results: The reviewed studies demonstrate that anemia in children, primarily due to iron deficiency, is associated with impaired cognitive and developmental outcomes. Iron deficiency affects brain development by disrupting oxygen delivery, myelination, and neurotransmitter function, particularly during early growth period in which it is critical. The biological effect is linked to deficits in attention, memory, learning performance, and school readiness. Based on the evidence, further suggests that these early impairments may persist into later educational and economic disadvantages, contributing to a profound long-term loss of human capital. Conclusion: Childhood anemia, especially IDA, is evidently associated with impaired cognitive and developmental outcomes. Early prevention, screening, and appropriate iron interventions are essential to protect neurodevelopment and support long-term human capital formation
Co-Authors Amanda, Rachel Aristyarini, Mitha Astuti, Sukma Dewi Aulia, Bianda Basrowi, Ray Wagiu Dilantika, Charisma Fauziah, Lutfi Afida Helmyati, Siti Kadibyan, Pinaes Karomah, Ulfatul Larasati, Adisti Lily Arsanti Lestari Mariani Rahayu, Endang Mariani, Endang Notarianti, Rizna Nuraeni Salsabila, Irma Piscesa, Saskia Prameswari, Najla Aurora Pratiwi, Dessy Prawesti, Magdalena Sabda Renita Renita Rizana, Nisa Ayu Rosilia, Gifani sanjiwani, putu amrytha Syarifa, Cut Alima Wahyuni, Fani Cahya Yapita, Jennifer Yuningrat, Nova