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All Journal Jurnal Periodic Jurusan Kimia UNP Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) Pelita Eksakta SAINTI: Majalah Ilmiah Teknologi Industri
Nizar, Umar Kalmar
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Control & Systems Engineering Education Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Other

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Pengaruh Supporting Electrolyte Pada Penentuan Formaldehida Secara Voltametri Siklik Menggunakan Pencil Lead Electrode (PLE) Modifikasi Lapisan Tipis Perak Putri, Yunisa Anugrah; Sari, Trisna Kumala; Oktavia, Budhi; Nizar, Umar Kalmar
Periodic Vol 13, No 1 (2024): PERIODIC
Publisher : Departemen Kimia FMIPA UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/periodic.v13i1.124516

Abstract

Formaldehyde was detected electrochemically using a pencil lead electrode modified with a thin layer of silver (Ag/PLE). Modification of the silver thin layer was carried out by sweeping-potential electrodeposition using the cyclic voltammetry method. This study aims to study the response of PLE and Ag/PLE for determination of formaldehyde and also to determine the optimum conditions of the supporting electrolyte used in the measurement of formaldehyde. The results showed that Ag/PLE provided better performance than PLE and 0.1 M KOH was the optimum supporting electrolyte. Measurement of formaldehyde using Ag/PLE electrodes with a concentration of 10 mM of test analyte. The oxidation peak of formaldehyde is present at a potential of 0.054 Volt.
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Katalis Karbon Kulit Kolang-Kaling (Arenga Pinnata) Tersulfonasi untuk Produksi Biodiesel Dari Palm Fatty Acid Distillate Simbolon, Ranita; Nizar, Umar Kalmar
Periodic Vol 13, No 1 (2024): PERIODIC
Publisher : Departemen Kimia FMIPA UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/periodic.v13i1.118699

Abstract

Indonesia is developing alternative energy, namely biodiesel. In producing biodiesel, catalysts are needed. One of the catalysts is a solid acid catalyst that can be synthesized from organic waste containing cellulose, hemicellulose and starch. The organic waste used in this study was a peel of sugar palm fruit. The purpose of this study is to determine the physicochemical properties of carbon catalysts from peel of sugar palm fruit that have been synthesized by calcination and sulfonation methods using H2SO4 and study some of the properties of biodiesel resulting from the esterification reaction between PFAD and methanol using a peel of sugar palm fruit sulfonated carbon catalyst. The synthesis of this catalyst uses a calcination method with a temperature variation of 250oC – 400oC and a sulfonation method using H2SO4. The resulting catalyst is characterized by FTIR, XRD and acid site. Then, catalysts are applied in producing biodiesel. The resulting biodiesel is tested for its biodiesel properties. The results of the study obtained that the highest number of acid sites in the carbon from the peel of sugar palm fruit was a calcination temperature of 300oC (K3-300) of 0.03538 mmol.g-1. The results of the FTIR characterization analysis showed that the sulfonate group was successfully substitution into the carbon surface which can be observed in the area of 1300-1000 cm-1. This area features two twin peaks that are characteristic of symmetrical and asymmetric sulfonate groups. Meanwhile, the result of XRD characterization is that the cholang-kaling skin catalyst forms a catalyst with an amorphous structure. The highest test results of the kolang-kaling skin acid site were at the optimum temperature, namely K3-300 of 0.03538 mmol.g-1. The K3-300 catalyst managed to convert the FFA percent to FAME by 48.33%.
Pemanfaatan Karbon dari Sabut Buah Nipah (Nypa fruticans) untuk Penjernihan Minyak Jelantah Istiqamah, Siti Sarah; Mawardi, Mawardi; Khair, Miftahul; Rahmi, Maulidia Arsyta; Novela, Riana; Pernadi, Niza Lian; Nizar, Umar Kalmar
Periodic Vol 13, No 2 (2024): PERIODIC
Publisher : Departemen Kimia FMIPA UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/periodic.v13i2.125419

Abstract

Along with the increase in the food and household industries, demand for raw materials for cooking oil continues to increase, causing shortages and increasing prices of cooking oil. This causes cooking oil to be used repeatedly. Cooking oil that has been used repeatedly is called used cooking oil which contains many carcinogenic compounds that can be harmful to health. Therefore, this research aims to purify used cooking oil using palm fiber carbon to improve the quality of used cooking oil. Nipa palm fiber contains hemicellulose and cellulose so it has the potential to be used as a carbon source using the calcination method and carrying out proximate tests such as ash content, vapor content and bound carbon content. Next, it is applied in the process of purifying used cooking oil using the adsorption method. After that, several properties of used cooking oil were tested, such as density, flow rate, acid number and saponification number. The results obtained in this research for the proximate test of palm fruit fiber at a temperature of 250-400℃ have met the SNI 06-3730-2021 standard. Nypa palm fiber carbon in used cooking oil was proven to reduce the density value to 0.81 g/mL, flow rate 4.17 mL/s, acid number 3.6 mg/KOH and saponification value 427 mg/KOH.
Studi Kompleks Asosiasi Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) dengan Menggunakan KI dan Methyl Green R, Yoanatul Hasanah; Nasra, Edi; Nizar, Umar Kalmar; Etika, Sri Benti
Periodic Vol 12, No 3 (2023): PERIODIC
Publisher : Departemen Kimia FMIPA UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/periodic.v12i3.118451

Abstract

The measurement methods in this study used are UV-Vis and AAS ( Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). The Pb(NO3)2 solution is dissolved with excess iodide so that it forms a PbI42- anion complex. This anion complex is then reacted with the cationic dye methyl green forming an association complex [PbI4][MG].The result of this study is that the maximum wavelength of the PbI42- anion complex is at 267 nm with stability time of 2 hours. Then the iodide concentration is 0,333 M with an absorbance 0.795 then the maximum wavelength of the association complex [PbI4][MG] is 636 nm at pH 5 and methyl green concentration is 0.00013% and has a concentration factor 20,39 times.
Analisis Sifat Fisikokimia dari Beberapa Minyak Kemasan Hasil Penggorengan Tempe Farhan, Muhammad; Azhar, Minda; Etika, Sri Benti; Pernadi, Niza Lian; Sabrina, Joya; Rahmi, Fathaniah Raviqa; Nizar, Umar Kalmar
Periodic Vol 13, No 1 (2024): PERIODIC
Publisher : Departemen Kimia FMIPA UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/periodic.v13i1.124341

Abstract

Cooking oil is one of the staple ingredients for cooking which is very popular in Indonesian society. The cooking oil most often used for cooking by the community is palm oil, because it is easy to obtain and has a relatively affordable price. But on the other hand cooking oil which is repeatedly heated at high temperatures can have harmful effects on the body, especially with the presence of solutes in the ingredients that are fried. This study aims to determine the quality of palm oil from tempe frying which contains vegetable protein for 1 hour at 160 C. The cooking oil is heated for 1 hour then put in the tempe and removed after it is cooked, after 1 hour the oil is cooled and its quality is tested by testing the density, flow rate, acid number and saponification number. The results showed that after cooking for 1 hour testing the tempe frying oil, the quality of the oil based on the quality standard value was bimoli, followed by pure essence and fortune. The quality of bimoli oil from tempe frying for one hour was with a density of 0.9233 gr/mL, a flow rate of 3.805 mL/s, an acid number of 8.0536 mgKOH/g and a saponification number of 16.091 mgKOH/g.
Pemanfaatan Karbon dari Bunga Cemara Laut (Casuarina equisetifolia) untuk Penjernihan Minyak Jelantah Rahmi, Maulidia Arsyta; Putra, Ananda; Sari, Trisna Kumala; Pernadi, Niza Lian; Istiqamah, Siti Sarah; Nizar, Umar Kalmar
Periodic Vol 13, No 1 (2024): PERIODIC
Publisher : Departemen Kimia FMIPA UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/periodic.v13i1.124261

Abstract

Used cooking oil is waste oil that has been used many times and is also known as used cooking oil which contains food residue and is a pollutant to the environment. This oil contains free fatty acids, carbonyl compounds, and peroxides. The content contained in used cooking oil can cause poisoning in humans and cause pollution to the environment. This study aims to clarify used cooking oil so that it can be reused. Carbon from sea pine flowers is used as a solution to clarify used cooking oil in this study. BCL carbon was obtained using the calcination method at various temperatures of 250oC, 300oC, 350oC, and 400oC. The resulting carbon is then subjected to a proximate test. Based on the results of the proximate test, the results obtained were in accordance with the SNI 06-3730-1995 standard with the optimum value obtained at 350oC calcination temperature. The clarification of used cooking oil is carried out by mixing used cooking oil and carbon as a result of calcination at 350ºC. Variations in the mass of carbon used are 1,3 and 5 grams. The results showed that the carbon of sea cypress flowers can be used as an absorbent for cleaning used cooking oil which can adsorb its fatty acid content. The optimum absorbent of this study was the 5g CBCL sample. This is evidenced by the results of the analysis that has been carried out with the lowest density value of 0.83 g/mL, the highest flow rate value of 4.312 mL/s and the lowest acid number value of 0.5 mg KOH/g.
Pengaruh pH dan Waktu Kontak Terhadap Adsorpsi Ion Pb2+ pada Silika Gel-GPTMS Termodifikasi Sulfonat Afrilia, Yoni; Oktavia, Budhi; Kurniawati, Desy; Nizar, Umar Kalmar
Periodic Vol 13, No 1 (2024): PERIODIC
Publisher : Departemen Kimia FMIPA UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/periodic.v13i1.124343

Abstract

Adsorption is the process of accumulation of atoms or ions in solution on the surface of a solid adsorbent. Silica gel can be used as an adsorbent because it has two groups of active sites, namely silanol (Si-OH) and siloxane (Si-O-Si). The active groups also allow silica to be modified. This modification was made to increase the ability of silica to adsorb ions, one of which is Pb2+ ion. The modifier compound used is a sulfonic salt (4-amino-5-hydroxy-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid) with a glysidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) linking compound. The modified adsorbents were characterized by FTIR and the absorption results were characterized by AAS. The modified adsorbent was to determine the optimum conditions for adsorption of Pb2+ ions using silica sulfonate. Adsorption was carried out using the batch method. The optimum absorption conditions for Pb2+ metal ions using silica sulfonate were obtained at pH 3, contact time of 45 minutes.
Analisa Beberapa Sifat Fisikokimia dari Minyak Goreng Kemasan Hasil Penggorengan dengan Lemak Sapi Rahmi, Fathaniah Raviqa; Hardeli, Hardeli; Nasra, Edi; Pernadi, Niza Lian; Sabrina, Joya; Farhan, Muhammad; Nizar, Umar Kalmar
Periodic Vol 13, No 2 (2024): PERIODIC
Publisher : Departemen Kimia FMIPA UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/periodic.v13i2.125466

Abstract

Palm oil is one of the vegetable oils with the highest concentration of contaminants compared to other oils. The main components of palm oil are triglycerides which account for more than 95% and other components such as monoglycerides, diglycerides, free fatty acids, phosphatides and sterols. Beef in 100 grams contains fewer calories (498 kj), total fat (2.8 g), unsaturated fat (0.448 g), saturated fat (1.149 g) and cholesterol (50 mg) than goat meat of the same size .The nutritional composition of beef includes 18.8 grams of protein, 66.0 grams of water and 14.0 grams of fat. The aim of this research is to determine the physicochemical properties of packaged cooking oil produced from frying beef fat at certain temperatures and times. The physicochemical properties of the oil determined include density, flow rate, acidity index and saponification index. Bimoli cooking oil resulting from the frying process has a density value of 0.9205 gr/ml, a flow rate of 2.949 ml/s, an acid number of 3.06939 mgKOH/gr and a saponification index of 16.71005 mgKOH/gr. The results of this research indicate that the results of testing the physicochemical properties of packaged cooking oil have better values compared to the results of testing beef tallow cooking oil.
Pemanfaatan Karbon dari Kulit Buah Kelor (Moringa oleifera) untuk Penjernihan Minyak Jelantah Novela, Riana; Zainul, Rahadian; Kurniawati, Desy; Pernadi, Niza Lian; Rahmi, Maulidia Arsyta; Istiqamah, Siti Sarah; Nizar, Umar Kalmar
Periodic Vol 13, No 1 (2024): PERIODIC
Publisher : Departemen Kimia FMIPA UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/periodic.v13i1.124150

Abstract

The high demand for cooking oil causes scarcity and increases the price of cooking oil in the market. Despite the scarcity, people still use it by heating it repeatedly. Cooking oil that has been used repeatedly is called used cooking oil which contains saturated fatty acids which will have a negative impact on health if reused. Therefore, this study aims to clarify used cooking oil by using carbon from moringa peels to improve the quality of used cooking oil. Moringa fruit peel contains cellulose and hemicellulose so that it can be used as a carbon source using the calcination method and tested for approximation such as tests for ash content, vapor content and bound carbon. Furthermore, carbon is applied in the clarification of used cooking oil by adsorption method. After the used cooking oil has been clarified, the properties of the used cooking oil are tested, such as density, flow rate, acid number and saponification number. The result of this research is that the resulting Moringa peel carbon at 250 - 350oC complies with the SNI 06-3730-2021 standard. The application of Moringa peel carbon in used cooking oil has been shown to reduce the density value to 0.886 g/mL, an acid number of 4.476 mg/KOH, and succeeded in increasing the value of the flow rate to 0.735 and the saponification number to 351.751 mg/KOH.
Penjernihan Minyak Jelantah dengan Menggunakan Terong (Solanum melongena) Rizki, Suci Yulia; Hardeli, Hardeli; Ningsih, Sherly Kasuma Warda; Pernadi, Niza Lian; Sidiq, Aqil Marsya; Nizar, Umar Kalmar
Periodic Vol 13, No 2 (2024): PERIODIC
Publisher : Departemen Kimia FMIPA UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/periodic.v13i2.124544

Abstract

Used cooking oil is used oil that has been heated repeatedly with high heat. At high heating, the triglycerides contained in used cooking oil can be hydrolyzed into free fatty acids. In addition, it can form free radical compounds that can cause serious diseases such as cancer. Therefore, this study aims to clarify used cooking oil using eggplant (Solanum melongena). Eggplant is rich in beneficial ingredients such as high levels of flavonoids, phenolics and antioxidants. Eggplant can be used as an adsorbent that can clarify used cooking oil. This study used the method of heating used cooking oil at a temperature of 160⁰C and the mass variations of the eggplant were 5, 10 and 15 grams. The result of this study is that the use of 10 grams of eggplant is proven to clear used cooking oil. which was previously blackish brown underwent degradation of light brown color accompanied by a decrease in the density value to 0.94 g/mL, the acid number to 2.08 mg/KOH, and an increase in the flow rate value to 0.2987 ml/s, a saponification number of 80.17 mg KOH in used cooking oil.
Co-Authors Afrilia, Yoni Agustin, Andre Akmar, Reza Althof, Hasnah Sausan Anjelia, Mariza Auzakiyah, Sabella Azzahra, Wenalda Hanifah Budhi Oktavia Charles Banon Della Rosalynna Stiadi Deski Beri Desy Kurniawati Edi Nasra Fadhila, Radhiatul Fika, Miva Hemalia Fitri Amelia Fitriani Fitriani Gusvita, Nola Hapzi Ali Harahap, Aprilia Silviani Hardeli Hardeli Hary Sanjaya Indang Dewata Istiqamah, Siti Sarah Izanel, Rezi Ananta Karsa, Dion Randi Khaliq, Feni Kurnia Mawardi Miftahul Jannah Miftahul Khair Miftahurrahmi, Miftahurrahmi Minda Azhar Muhammad Farhan Mukhaiyar, Riki Novel, Dheo Shalsabilla Novela, Riana Novriansyah, Edo Pernadi, Niza Lian Putra, Ananda Putri, Natasya Alya Putri, Yunisa Anugrah R, Yoanatul Hasanah Rahadian Zainul Rahmi Rahmi Rahmi, Fathaniah Raviqa Rahmi, Maulidia Arsyta Riga, Riga Risma Sari, Risma Rizki, Suci Yulia Sabrina, Joya Sari, Trisna Kumala Sherly Kasuma Warda Ningsih Sidiq, Aqil Marsya Simbolon, Ranita Sri Benti Etika Suryani, Okta Suryelita, Suryelita Syafri, Vanny Sofiana Syafriadi, Riko Veronita, Silvi Wulandari, Yolanda Yuliani, Amelinda Zulhendra, Zulhendra Zuyyina, Himla