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Yanuarty, Rezky
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Characterizations of Swelling Granule of Clove Leaf (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Ethanol Extract Wulandari, Ayu; Chintya, Gita; Tuldjanah, Muthmainah; Yanuarty, Rezky
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 3 Issue 1
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0301182

Abstract

Cloves, scientifically known as Syzygium aromaticum L., hold promise as a potential antiulcer remedy due to their rich composition of compounds, including high levels of phenolic compounds such as eugenol, eugenol acetate, and gallic acid. To improve bioavailability in the gastric environment, this study focuses on optimizing and evaluating a swelling granule system derived from clove leaf extract. The granules were produced using wet granulation with Carbopol, HPMC, and their combination as polymer matrices. Results indicated favorable properties in the swelling granules, with the optimal composition of 210 mg Carbopol, 36 mg PVP, and 404 mg Avicel pH 101. These granules exhibited a uniform particle size distribution, with 90.1% below 149 µm and 9.9% distributed across mesh numbers 100, 80, and 40. The formula with Carbopol polymer showed superior flow rate, compressibility, and swelling capacity compared to other formulations. The interaction between Carbopol's C=O groups and HPMC's hydroxyl groups significantly influenced parameters, especially swelling capacity. Thus, when combining polymers, potential chemical or physical reactions should be considered. The wet granulation process effectively preserved secondary metabolite levels from clove leaf. Further tests are recommended to evaluate the granulation's effectiveness as a delivery system for clove leaf extract.
Acute Toxicity Nanoemultion of Ethanol Extract of Clove Leaves (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Tuldjanah, Muthmainah; Ladjeba, Putri Natalia Laurenza; Yanuarty, Rezky; Wuladari, Ayu; Tandi, Joni; Sudarman, Muaadzatul Izzah
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 12 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v12i2.12783

Abstract

Clove leaves have been widely used as traditional medicine. Clove leaves are rich in saponins, flavonoids, tannins, sterols, and essential oils. To improve the function of clove leaves, one of them is by reducing the sample size into nanoemulsion form. Nanoemulsions were prepared using the sonication method and exhibited an average droplet size of 13.3 nm. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxic properties, the dose that can cause toxic effects, and the LD50 value of nanoemulsion administration of ethanol extract of clove leaves. This study used 25 male white rats which were divided into five groups, namely a control group (nanoemulsion base) and four treatment groups receiving oral doses of 5, 50, 300, and 2000 mg/kg BW. The LD50 value was calculated using AOT425 StatPgm in accordance with OECD TG 425 (Up and Down Procedure). Mortality summary: control 0/5; 5 mg/kg BW 0/5; 50 mg/kg BW 0/5; 300 mg/kg BW 0/5; 2000 mg/kg BW 5/5. The results showed an LD50 of 798.5 mg/kg BW and, based on the GHS, it falls under Acute Toxicity (Oral) Category 4 (300–2000 mg/kg BW). Clinical signs such as piloerection, grooming, and weakness appeared mainly in the early observation phase (from 30 minutes to 4/8/12 hours) in each dose group and were reversible.
Co-Authors A. Toding, Ficanata Anastasia, Syakilah Anggi, Viani Awilia, Nurchaliza Awilia, Nurkhaliza Ayu Wulandari Chintya, Gita Halik, Nur Islamiati, Utami Joni Tandi, Joni Ladjeba, Putri Natalia Laurenza Niluh Puspita Dewi, Niluh Puspita Paliwang, Rafni Mahyudin Parobe, Alda Iglesias Rakanita, Yasinta Recky Patala Rezky, Fajria Sasdila, Sasdila Siti Nurhaliza Sudarman, Muaadzatul Izzah Tamunu, Jeine Sweet Natasya Tuldjanah, Muthmainah Tuldjanah, Muthmainnah Wuladari, Ayu Yunlis