Articles
<![CDATA[Regional Cooperation in The Utilization of Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipelines: An International Law Perspective ]]>
<![CDATA[Mutiara Khadijah]]>;
<![CDATA[Huala Adolf]]>;
<![CDATA[Setiawan Setiawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Susbtantive Justice International Journal of Law Vol 5 No 1 (2022): Substantive Justice International Journal of Law ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Law, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.56087/substantivejustice.v5i1.168
<![CDATA[The Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipelines was a project of interconnected cross-border pipelines connecting ASEAN countries in a bilateral manner based on the cooperation stipulated in the Memorandum of Understanding of Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipelines. This paper will identify Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipelines with the two (two) cooperation models already practised worldwide, namely the interconnected model and the unified project model. The method used in this article was normative juridical, including the comparative approach and statute approach, by obtaining data from secondary sources. More specifically, this article would elaborate on which cooperation model could be adopted by Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipelines that would effectively govern the project. The results showed that the cooperation of Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipelines was unlike that practised by countries generally since the project consisted of both cross-border pipelines and regasification terminals. The decision to incorporate regasification terminals into the project was made to provide an alternative to the region's depleting gas supply. The model was not known in the cross-border pipeline regime and therefore could not be identified with the already known two models. Although Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipelines were a series of interconnected pipelines in nature, the implementation was not in accordance with the theory. A cross-border pipeline and terminal regasification should not be put together in the same energy transport project as they both have different characteristics, thus making the governance of the project complicated while a harmonized legal framework plays an essential aspect in cross-border infrastructure. Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipelines will only focus on cross-border pipelines and will follow the model of a cooperative project.]]>
<![CDATA[PENEGAKKAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANGGOTA POLRI YANG MENYALAHGUNAKAN NARKOTIKA BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 35 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG NARKOTIKA JUNCTO PERKAPOLRI NO. 14 TAHUN 2011 TENTANG KODE ETIK PROFESI KEPOLISIAN NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA ]]>
<![CDATA[Arta Dwi Kusuma]]>;
<![CDATA[Huala Adolf]]>
<![CDATA[ Scientia Regendi Vol 3 No 2 (2022): Vol. III, No. 2, Febuari 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Scientia Regendi ]]>
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<![CDATA[Penyalahgunaan narkotika di lingkungan personel Polri merupakan suatu bentuk pelanggaran berat. Kode etik bagi profesi kepolisian tidak hanya didasarkan pada kebutuhan profesionalisme, tetapi juga diatur secara normaif dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 tentang Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia yang ditindaklanjuti dengan Peraturan Kapolri No.Pol. : 14 Tahun 2011 tentang Kode Etik Profesi Polri Adapun permasalahan Bagaimanakah kendala penyidik proppam dalam menerapkan kode etik profesi polri terhadap oknum anggota polri yang menyalahgunakan Narkotika dan Bagaimanaka upaya Polri dalam penegakkan hukum terhadap anggota Polri yang menyalahgunakan Narkotika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode pendekatan yuridis normatif, yaitu menetapkan standar norma tertentu terhadap suatu fenomena dengan mengkaji data-data sekunder berdasarkan Undang-Undang No 35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika dan Perkapolri No. 14 Tahun 2011 tentang Kode Etik Profesi Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia. Sedangkan analisis data menggunakan metode yuridis kualitatif, yaitu bersumber dari studi kepustakaan dan studi lapangan, kemudian disusun secara sistematis, setelah dianalisa disajikan secara diskriptif. Penelitian lebih menekankan pada kajian analisis data sekunder atau studi kepustakaan yang ditunjang dengan data primer yaitu studi dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa Penegakkan hukum terhadap oknum anggota Polri yang menyalahgunakan narkotika dilaksanakan sanksi melalui dua tahapan yaitu melalui mekanisme pidana dan Kode etik profesi. Sanksi pidana yang diterapkan terhadap anggota polri yang menyalahgunakan narkotika sesuai dengan ketentuan Undang – Undang No. 35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika dikarenakan anggota Polri merupakan penegak hukum maka dapat diterapkan hukuman pemberatan 1/3 dari hukuman masyarakat biasa. Terkait sanksi kode etik terhadap anggota Polri yang menyalahgunakan maka akan diproses sesuai dengan ketentuan Perkapolri No. 14 Tahun 2011 tentang Kode Etik Profesi Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia, dengan hukuman terberat yaitu Pemberhentian dengan tidak hormat. Kendala yang dihadapi oleh apparat Provam dalam menerapkan sanksi kode etik profesi Polri, yaitu aspek lingkungan bagaimanapun juga mereka berada satu lingkungan tentunya ada ikatan emosional di antara mereka, aspek lainnya Provam hanya bertugas melakukan penyelidikan dan penyidikan sampai kepersidangan sementara putusannya diserahkan ke Ankum nya masing-masing sehingga dimungkinkan kasus yang sama sanksinya berbeda- beda tergantung subyektifitas Ankum. Disamping itu harus menunggu dulu proses pidananya sampai memiliki kekuatan hukum tetap, baru dapat diterapkan sanksi kode etik profesi Polri. Kata Kunci : Penegakkan hukum, oknum anggota Polri penyalahguna Narkotika, sanksi pidana Kode Etik]]>
<![CDATA[LARANGAN EKSPOR BIJIH NIKEL INDONESIA DIANTARA STABILITAS PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL ]]>
<![CDATA[Hanina Haddad]]>;
<![CDATA[Helitha Novianty]]>;
<![CDATA[Huala Adolf]]>
<![CDATA[ Mimbar Hukum Vol 34 No 2 (2022): Mimbar Hukum ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Law, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/mh.v34i2.2686
<![CDATA[Abstract The Indonesian government through the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 11 of 2019 regarding the Second Amendment to the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 25 of 2018 regarding Mineral and Coal Mining has decided to accelerate the implementation of nickel ore exports starting from January 1, 2020. This regulation is considered to violate the General Elimination of Quantitative Restriction in Article XI of the General Agreement in Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and is being sued by the European Union to the WTO DSB. This article analyzes the scope of Article XI of the GATT and the conformity of the regulation on the ban on the export of nickel ore with justification in the GATT regulatory framework. This article uses a normative juridical approach, with the research done by examining library materials and secondary data. This research is a descriptive-analytical study that analyzes legal instruments related to the issues discussed, to deliver a comprehensive and systematic comprehension of the scope and application of the Quantitative Restriction Principle. This article also shows DSB WTO interpretation on Quantitative Restriction cases is still considered narrow and overrides the goals and rights of a country. Abstrak Pemerintah Indonesia melalui Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral No. 11 Tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan kedua atas Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral No. 25 tahun 2018 tentang Pengusahaan Pertambangan dan Mineral Batubara (Permen ESDM 11/2019) memutuskan untuk memberhentikan kegiatan ekspor bijih nikel mulai dari tanggal 1 Januari 2020. Peraturan ini dianggap melanggar Prinsip Restriksi Kuantitatif dalam Pasal XI General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) dan dituntut oleh Uni Eropa kepada Dispute Settlement Body World Trade Organization (DSB WTO). Artikel ini menganalisa mengenai ruang lingkup dari Pasal XI GATT dan kesesuaian regulasi larangan ekspor bijih nikel dengan justifikasi dalam kerangka peraturan GATT. Artikel ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif, yakni penelitian hukum yang dilakukan melalui penelitian bahan pustaka serta data sekunder. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis yang menganalisa instrument-instrumen hukum terkait, untuk memberikan pemahaman secara menyeluruh dan sistematis terhadap ruang lingkup dan pemberlakuan Prinsip Restriksi Kuantitatif. Artikel ini juga menunjukan bahwa, interpretasi dari panel DSB WTO terhadap suatu kasus masih ternilai sempit dan mengesampingkan tujuan serta hak suatu negara.]]>
<![CDATA[Pemberlakuan Klausula Hardship berdasarkan Asas Freedom of Contract dalam Kontrak Jual Beli Batubara ]]>
<![CDATA[Quinnashya Pradipta Early Folanda]]>;
<![CDATA[Huala Adolf]]>;
<![CDATA[Purnama Trisnamansyah]]>
<![CDATA[ Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research (Special Issue) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai ]]>
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DOI: 10.31004/innovative.v3i2.1387
<![CDATA[Sebagai salah satu negara penghasil batubara terbesar, kegiatan perdagangan batubara di Indonesia didominasi dengan kegiatan ekspor yang terkadang berimplikasi pada timpangnya kebutuhan batubara dalam negeri dan jumlah batubara yang diekspor ke luar negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah perubahan kebijakan DMO di Indonesia dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai suatu keadaan hardship dengan kewajiban renegosiasi sebagai alternatif ketika para pihak dihadapkan dengan keadaan tersebut serta pemberlakuan klausula hardship dalam kontrak di Indonesia dengan mengadopsi prinsip-prinsip dalam UPICC berdasarkan asas kebebasan berkontrak. Jenis penelitian menggunakan penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa prinsip keadaan sulit atau hardship merupakan suatu prinsip yang telah dianut oleh beberapa sistem hukum kontrak di dunia dan diadopsi oleh instrumen-instrumen hukum internasional sebagai upaya dalam mendorong perkembangan hukum kontrak di dunia. Pemberlakuan klausula hardship di Indonesia dapat dilakukan dengan mengadopsi instrumen hukum kontrak internasional yang dapat diadopsi salah satunya adalah UPICC.]]>
<![CDATA[Asymmetrical Arbitration Clauses: A Comparative Study of International and Indonesian Arbitration Law ]]>
<![CDATA[Jovanka Lingkanaya]]>;
<![CDATA[Huala Adolf]]>;
<![CDATA[Prita Amalia]]>
<![CDATA[ Pandecta Research Law Journal Vol 16, No 1 (2021): June ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/pandecta.v16i1.29522
<![CDATA[This article presents a study of the validity of asymmetrical arbitration clauses, a clause that combines arbitration and a choice of court option, in international commercial contracts. These clauses designate a method of dispute settlement that gives a more favorable position for one of the parties to a contract, hence, creating a debate on its validity on an international level. Despite the convenience the trend has brought in business, this form of arbitration clause has been called into doubt by courts in numerous jurisdictions. Unfortunately, Indonesia itself has yet to have a firm legal standing on this matter as asymmetrical arbitration clauses are not explicitly regulated by the Indonesian arbitration law. This research is conducted by exploring the relation between theories and practices concerning asymmetrical arbitration clauses through analyzing case law and provisions of international arbitration law and the Indonesian arbitration law, and are also analyzed through principles of international and Indonesian contract law. This article aims to provide an analysis regarding the legal effects of having asymmetrical arbitration clauses in commercial contracts and commercial arbitration. Lastly, this study offers a method of interpretation towards such clauses that favors their validity under both international arbitration law and Indonesian arbitration law.]]>
<![CDATA[PUTUSAN SENGKETA LAUT CHINA SELATAN SERTA IMPLIKASI HUKUMNYA TERHADAP NEGARA DISEKITAR KAWASAN TERSEBUT ]]>
<![CDATA[Darajati, Muhammad Rafi]]>;
<![CDATA[Adolf, Huala]]>;
<![CDATA[-, Idris]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UI Scholars Hub ]]>
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<![CDATA[One of interesting developments about the global security is the issue of territorial disputes in the South China Sea between Philippines and China. Philippines has brought the dispute to the Permanent Court of Arbitration. The ruling from Permanent Court of Arbitration said that China’s claim about a nine-dash line does not have a legal basis. However, China rejects the ruling and remains aggressive which might cause instability in South China Sea region. This research aims to look at the implications of the ruling of the Permanent Court of Arbitration for State Parties and states around the South China Sea region. Authors use juridical normative research method with literature studies. This research shows that States Parties have to implement and respect the ruling because it has already become the source of international law. For the states that located around the region, the ruling also has an effect to facing China’s aggressiveness and rules handling maritime claims in the South China Sea region.]]>
<![CDATA[The Impact of Weak Marine Debris Governance on the Increased Environmental Insecurity in Southeast Asia ]]>
<![CDATA[Sudirman, Arfin]]>;
<![CDATA[Idris, Idris]]>;
<![CDATA[Siswandi, Achmad Gusman]]>;
<![CDATA[Adolf, Huala]]>;
<![CDATA[Fadilah, Edta Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Maulana, Mursal]]>;
<![CDATA[Hakiki, Falhan]]>
<![CDATA[ Politika: Jurnal Ilmu Politik Vol 14, No 1 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Magister Ilmu Politik, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/politika.14.1.2023.141-159
<![CDATA[The Southeast Asian region is home to five countries that are included in the list of the top 10 countries that produce marine debris in the world. Although there are a lot of efforts to handle the situation through the creation of marine debris governance in the region such as the ASEAN Regional Action Plan, not much has changed. This article aims to determine what Is the cause of weak marine debris governance and how it is impacted the increasing environmental insecurity In Southeast Asia based on the concept of policy harmonization and environmental security according to John Barnett's thinking which divides its meaning into three forms, namely changes in the environment, threats to national security, human security, and triggers for conflict. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research. Researchers found that weak marine debris governance formed as the result of a lack of policy harmonization between countries in the region regarding marine debris pollution and that environmental degradation that ensued had implications for the scarcity of marine resources, which is one of the main economic driving sectors for countries in the region and the possibility to contribute to fisheries conflicts that often occur in the South China Sea, which poses a threat to the national security of the surrounding countries. In addition, this environmental issue also creates human insecurity in the form of economic losses for coastal communities as well as health hazards for the human body. ]]>
<![CDATA[THE STATUS OF FOREIGN ARBITRATORS UNDER INDONESIAN LAWS ]]>
<![CDATA[Adolf, Huala]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum Volume 8 Nomor 1 September 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Law Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.23920/jbmh.v8i1.1120
<![CDATA[Foreign arbitrators in Indonesia have never been questioned before with regard to their status or legality. The main aim of this article was to analyze the status of foreign arbitrators in the light of the recent Supreme Court of Indonesia’s decision on the PT. Timas Suplindo case (2017). The method used in this article was descriptive-normative of the subject analyzed supported by the case-law, in particular the decision of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia concerning the issue of foreign arbitrator. This article concluded, while there is an absence of regulation concerning the status of foreign arbitrator in Indonesia, the parties should include and state the legality of the foreign arbitrator in their arbitration clause. This article also recommended, the Arbitration Law should be supplemented with the provision on the status of foreign arbitrator in the future amendment of the Law.]]>
<![CDATA[A REVIEW ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE AGREEMENT IN INDONESIA ]]>
<![CDATA[Adolf, Huala]]>
<![CDATA[ Transnational Business Law Journal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): TRANSNATIONAL BUSINESS LAW JOURNAL, Volume 1, Number 1, February 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Transnational Business Law, Faculty of Law Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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<![CDATA[ABSTRACTThe implementation of international trade agreements in Indonesia has been facing various problems in practice. This article describes the current situation where the international trade agreements already signed by the Republic of Indonesia are still facing problems in its implementation. This article suggested that Indonesia should have a permanent national institution in the implementation of international trade agreements.Keywords: Indonesia, International Agreements, Implementation, National Institution.]]>
<![CDATA[THE MEANING OF PUBLIC POLICY UNDER INDONESIAN ARBITRATION LAW AND PRACTICE ]]>
<![CDATA[Adolf, Huala]]>
<![CDATA[ Transnational Business Law Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): TRANSNATIONAL BUSINESS LAW JOURNAL, Volume 2, Number 1, February 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Transnational Business Law, Faculty of Law Universitas Padjadjaran ]]>
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DOI: 10.23920/transbuslj.v2i1.646
<![CDATA[This article tried to see the meaning of public policy under Indonesian arbitration law. The arbitration law examined was the arbitration law in the Code of Civil Procedures of 1847, the Presidential Decree No 34 of 1981, the Supreme Court Regulation No 1 of 1990 and the Arbitration law No 30 of 1999. The article also took a closer look on Indonesian court in interpreting the term public policy in its decisions. The method used in this article was descriptive-analytical. The data was in particular the decisions of the courts of Indonesia including Domestic Court, High Court and Supreme Court. A comparative study was taken, describing the arbitration acts of certain countries in particular New Zealand, Malaysia and Fiji. This article concluded, as cases developed, the approach toward public policy was the strict application of it. This article also recommended the amendment of the arbitration law by including the indicators as to what the public policy would cover as found in arbitration acts of states being studied.]]>
