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All Journal BERKALA SAINSTEK The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research CHEMPUBLISH JOURNAL JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Chemistry Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Dalton : Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia dan Ilmu Kimia Journal TEPAT: Teknologi Terapan untuk Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Kartika Kimia Jurnal Teknologi Jurnal Pijar MIPA Makara Journal of Science Sewagati Jurnal Penelitian Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Indonesian Journal of Science and Education Dinamika Kerajinan dan Batik: Majalah Ilmiah
Helda Wika Amini
Brawijaya university
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Microwave-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction of Lipids from Ulva sp.: Optimization and Fatty Acid Profiling Rizkiana, Meta Fitri; Lestari, Afrila Tutut Dwijati; Sholeha, Irdatus; Palupi, Bekti; Putri, Ditta Kharisma Yolanda; Rahmawati, Istiqomah; Amini, Helda Wika; Fachri, Boy Arief
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i5.9588

Abstract

Ulva sp. is a green alga commonly found in Indonesian waters. It contains approximately 60% carbohydrates, 10–47% protein, and 1–3% lipids. This study aimed to determine the optimum conditions for lipid extraction from Ulva sp. A pre-treatment step was carried out by adding a Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) and distilled water. The DES used was a mixture of zinc chloride and urea in a 1:2 molar ratio. The sample was then mixed with a chloroform-methanol solvent (2:1 v/v) and subjected to Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE). The variables investigated in this study included microwave power (150, 300, and 450 W), extraction time (10, 15, and 20 min), and solvent volume (45, 60, and 75 mL). The organic phase obtained from the extraction process was separated and evaporated to determine the lipid yield. The highest yield, 15.8%, was achieved under conditions of 20 min extraction time, 75 mL solvent volume, and 300 W of power. GC-MS analysis of the highest-yield sample revealed the presence of fatty acids including palmitic acid, oleic acid, and palmitoleic acid. This optimized method supports future applications in biodiesel production and green extraction processes for algae-based bioresources.
The Optimization of Chlorophyll Extraction from Ulva Sp. with Ultrasound-Assisted Liquid Biphasic Systems Method Susilowati; Humaidi, Fakhri Arkaan; Fachri, Boy; Palupi, Bekti; Rizkiana, Meta Fitri; Rahmawati, Istiqomah; Amini, Helda Wika
Indonesian Journal of Science and Education Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Science and Education
Publisher : Universitas Tidar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31002/ijose.v8i1.1085

Abstract

Ulva sp. is a type of green algae that is easily found in the shallow seas of Indonesia and contains various bioactive compounds. Chlorophyll is a bioactive compound that functions as a natural dye, free radical scavenger, and antioxidant in the body. Chlorophyll extraction with conventional methods requires a relatively long time and large amount of solvent. In this research, chlorophyll extraction from Ulva sp. with the Ultrasound-Assisted Liquid Biphasic System (UALBS) method. Ulva sp. as much as 2.5 grams mixed in acetone solvent, added K2HPO4 solution, and carried out the sonification process in a dark room. The extraction process performs at a parameter range of 5-15 minutes, ratio 0.05-0.1 g/mL, and 60-100 mesh particle size. The extracted filtrate was added with petroleum ether and distilled water to form a biphasic condition. The extracted chlorophyll was analyzed with chromatography and spectrophotometry method. Antioxidant activity was analyzed using the DPPH method. The optimum result of Ulva sp. chlorophyll extraction at an extraction time of 10 minutes, the ratio of solids to solvent was 0.1, the particle size of 60 mesh produced a yield of 1.88% with chlorophyll a 20.13664%, chlorophyll b 21.58672% and total chlorophyll 41.71012%, and the percentage inhibition 45.32%.
EKSTRAKSI PROTEIN DARI SPIRULINA SP DALAM PELARUT ETANOL TERBANTUKAN GELOMBANG ULTRASONIK Fachri, Boy Arief; Palupi, Bekti; Rahmawati, Istiqomah; Rizkiana, Meta Fitri; Amini, Helda Wika
Jurnal Penelitian Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol 1 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Hasil Penelitian UNIVERSITAS JEMBER
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (LP2M) Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jpsti.v1i1.90

Abstract

Protein merupakan komponen nutrisi yang dibutuhkan oleh manusia untuk kesehatan tubuh. Salah satu sumber protein yang melimpah di Indonesia adalah alga Spirulina Sp. Ekstraksi protein alga, sulit dilakukan. Hal ini dikarenakan, protein tersimpan dalam sel-sel alga yang memiliki dinding yang sangat keras. Metode konvensional yang selama ini dilakukan membutuhkan waktu yang sangat lama, dan energi yang besar. Untuk mengatasi hal itu, sebuah metode alternatif yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini, adalah metode ekstraksi ultrasonik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan kondisi optimum ekstraksi protein dari Spirulina Sp dan mengetahui pengaruh parameter ekstraksi terhadap yield. Sprirulina Sp yang tekah dikeringkan dan dihaluskan diumpankan ke dalam ekstraktor yang berisi etanol. Gelombang ultrasonic, kemudian dialirkan ke dalam ekstraktor melalui probe. Setelah, eaktu ekstraksi tercapai, ekstrak dan residu dipisahkan dengan cara sentrifugasi dengan kecepatan 10000 rpm pada suhu kamar. Selanjutnya, yield protein ekstrak dihitung dengan analisa Lowry-Bradford. Pengaruh parameter proses seperti rasio bahan baku-pelarut (0:1-0.5) g/mL, ukuran partikel bahan baku (600-800) mesh dan waktu ekstraksi 15-45 menit) terhadap yield akan diamati dalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa yield tertinggi sebesar 80,87 % diperoleh pada kondisi rasio bahan baku-pelarut 0.2 g/mL, ukuran partikel bahan baku 700 mesh dan waktu ekstraksi 30 menit. Sementara itu, ukuran partikel merupakan parameter yang paling signifikan.
A Comparison of Unconventional Microwave and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Methods used for Flavonoids Rahmawati, Istiqomah; Azizi, Daffa Hafiziaulhaq; Wibowo, Jihan Nafila; Reza, Muhammad; Fachri, Boy Arief; Palupi, Bekti; Rizkiana, Meta Fitri; Amini, Helda Wika; Ramadana, Ifan; Setiawan, Felix Arie
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 29, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Cocoa pods (Theobroma cacao L.) are a rich source of flavonoids, which are natural antioxidants known for their health benefits. This study investigated the use of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted ex-traction (UAE) to extract the maximum flavonoids and antioxidants from cocoa pods. MAE and UAE are efficient and sustainable methods for extracting bioactive compounds like flavonoids and antioxidants from cocoa pods, offer-ing faster extraction, reduced solvent use, and better compound preservation compared to conventional methods. These technologies unlock the untapped potential of cocoa pods for applications in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuti-cals. The effects of extraction time (2–10 min), microwave power (100–300 W), and the ratio of cocoa husk powder to solvent (0.02–0.06 g/mL) were evaluated for MAE. Meanwhile, for UAE, different temperatures (30–50 °C), times (10–30 min), and powers (16–48 W) were studied. The Design-Expert® software with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and a Box-Behnken Design was utilized to analyze the effects of a combination of these parameters. The re-sults showed that extraction time, microwave power, and the ratio of cocoa husk powder–solvent significantly affected the total flavonoid yield and antioxidant capacity. The highest total flavonoid yield obtained by the MAE method (123.07 ppm) was at an extraction time of 10 min, cocoa husk–solvent ratio of 0.06 mg/mL, and microwave power of 300 W. The extract obtained by the MAE method showed an excellent antioxidant capacity of 43.49 mg/mL GAEAC, and a robust antioxidant activity indicated by an IC50 value of 42.19. Conversely, the highest total flavonoid yield of the UAE method (8.45 mg/mL GAEAC) was achieved at 30 min, 40 °C, and 40 W. The extract from the UAE method demonstrated a better antioxidant capacity (7.51 mg/mL GAEAC) and antioxidant activity (IC50 value of 23.46) than that from the MAE technique
Pemanfaatan Ulva sp. pada Sistem High Rate Algae Reactor (HRAR) untuk Pengolahan Limbah Cair Batik Palupi, Bekti; Megasari, Tri Elok Setya; Adelina, Saltsabita Nourin; Fachri, Boy Arief; Rahmawati, Istiqomah; Rizkiana, Meta Fitri; Amini, Helda Wika; Muharja, Maktum; Mumtazah, Zuhriah
Dinamika Kerajinan dan Batik: Majalah Ilmiah Vol. 41 No. 2 (2024): DINAMIKA KERAJINAN DAN BATIK : MAJALAH ILMIAH
Publisher : Balai Besar Standardisasi dan Pelayanan Jasa Industri Kerajinan dan Batik

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22322/dkb.v41i2.8466

Abstract

Batik merupakan salah satu warisan budaya Indonesia. Dalam produksinya, batik menggunakan bahan pewarna, malam, dan zat-zat kimia lainnya. Penggunaan bahan tersebut menghasilkan limbah cair dengan kandungan kadar minyak dan lemak, COD, dan pH yang tinggi. Selain itu, limbah yang dibuang langsung ke lingkungan merupakan limbah yang beracun dan dapat merusak ekosistem. Metode High Rate Algae Reactor (HRAR) menggunakan Ulva sp. digunakan pada penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi tablet CO2, lama penyinaran, dan banyaknya suspensi Ulva sp. dalam pengolahan limbah. Ulva sp. sebanyak 5 – 15% dimasukkan ke dalam HRAR bersamaan dengan limbah cair batik, kemudian dilakukan penambahan tablet CO2 sebanyak 0,27 – 0,81 gram yang selanjutnya dilakukan penyinaran selama 6 – 24 jam. Optimasi pengolahan limbah dilakukan menggunakan metode RSM (Response Surface Methodology) dengan rancangan percobaan kombinasi perlakuan Central Composite Design (CCD) menggunakan software Design Expert 13. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, variabel pengolahan limbah paling optimal berada pada saat konsentrasi suspensi Ulva sp. 5%, lama penyinaran 24 jam, dan massa tablet CO2 sebesar 0,27 gram. Respon yang diperoleh pada variabel tersebut yakni kadar COD 48,2 mg/L, kadar minyak dan lemak 0,432 mg/L, serta nilai pH 7,929.
Studi aktivitas ekstrak etanol dan sediaan gel daun melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L) sebagai antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus Aureus Tarigan, Indra Lasmana; Muadifah, Afidatul; Amini, Helda Wika; Astutik, Tri Kurnia
Chempublish Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2019): Chempublish Journal
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/chp.v4i2.7631

Abstract

Melinjo (Genus Gnetii gnemonii Folium) merupakan spesies tanaman yang berasal dari semenanjung Malaysia dan Indonesia, diketahui memiliki senyawa bioaktif yang dapat dimanfaatkan dibidang kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini ini adalah untuk menganalisis profil senyawa bioaktif daun melinjo (Gnetii gnemonii Folium) yang memiliki fungsi sebagai antimikroba dengan menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus serta memformulasi gel dari ekstrak daun melinjo. Ekstrak daun melinjo dibuat dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%, 3 hari. Analisis profil senyawa bioaktif daun melinjo menggunakan skrining fitokimia dan pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi cakram Kirby-Bauer terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun melinjo yang digunakan interval konsentrasi 50%-80%. Ekstrak dengan konsentrasi optimum diformulasikan dalam bentuk gel dan dilakukan evaluasi mutu fisik sediaan gel meliputi organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji daya lekat dan uji daya sebar selama 28 hari. Hasil analisis menunjukkan senyawa bioaktif daun melinjo meliputi Tanin, Saponin, Alkaloid, Flavonoid, dan Triterpenoid. Ekstrak 80% daun melinjo memberikan efek antibakteri dengan zona hambat terbesar 13,08mm. Gel dari ekstrak daun melinjo 80% memberikan efek antibakteri dengan kategori kuat terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan diameter zona hambat sebesar 16,91mm.
Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Total Phenolic Content from Arabica Coffee Leaves Using Box-Behnken Design Amini, Rekfa Wika; Amini, Helda Wika; Ilham, Muhammad; Putri Hartini, Lidia; Fachri, Boy Arief; Mumtazah, Zuhriah
The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Edition May-August 2026
Publisher : Chemistry Department, The University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpacr.2026.015.02.8017

Abstract

Coffee leaves, which are waste products from coffee pruning, can be used as a source of natural phenolics.  This study aims to optimize the extraction process of total phenolic content (TPC) from Arabica coffee leaves using the Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) method, employing the Box–Behnken Design (BBD). Three variables were studied, including ethanol concentration (50%, 73%, 96%), solvent volume (30 mL, 60 mL, 90 mL), and extraction time (3 minutes, 6 minutes, 9 minutes). Total phenolic content was analyzed using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. ANOVA revealed that solvent volume had a significant effect on total phenolic content, whereas ethanol concentration and extraction time did not. The optimum conditions, as determined by the Box-Behnken Design (BBD), were obtained at an ethanol concentration of 96%, an ethanol volume of 30 mL, and an extraction time of 6 minutes, with a desirability value of 1 and a TPC of 14.62 mg GAE/g.
Co-Authors Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah Adelina, Saltsabita Nourin Adrian, Febri Adriansyah, Muhamad Afwal, Diza Raudhatul Anggraini, Ranita Anggi Annisa, Yasmin Astutik, Tri Kurnia Aziz, Mohamad Naufal Nizaar Azizi, Daffa Hafiziaulhaq Bekti Palupi Boy Arief Fachri Devara, Arighy Zahirah Faiqy Ditta Kharisma Yolanda Putri Dyah Ayu Savitri Elisah, Nor Fachri, Boy Fandora, Ardan Jauza Farwah, Zilma Aliyah Felix Arie Setiawan Firmansyah, Alex Humaidi, Fakhri Arkaan Indra Lasmana Tarigan Indrayani, Lilin Intan Permatasari Istiqomah Rahmawati Lestari, Afrila Tutut Dwijati Ma'rifah, Binti Ni'matul Maharani, Regita Gustiayu Pramisti Masruri Masruri Megasari, Tri Elok Setya Meta Fitri Rizkiana Muadifah, Afidatul Muhammad Ilham Muhammad Reza Muhammad Reza Muharja, Maktum Nugroho, Yeremia Prasetya Nurjannah, Lailia Nurtsulutsiyah, Nurtsulutsiyah Nurul Hidayati Pradipta, Shima Nuril Prasetyani, Tiana Febrianti Eka Putri Hartini, Lidia Rachman, Darryl Akeyla Rahman, Agus Ramadana, Ifan Rekfa Wika Amini Rizki Fitria Darmayanti Saputri, Ocha Sa’roni, Achmad Shabrina, Nadhilah Shofa, Ghaitsa Zhahira Sholeha, Irdatus Sholihah, Athaya Farras Siti Mariyah Ulfa Sonya Hakim Raharjo Susilowati Syarifah, Ratna Dewi Ulfiani, Khoirun Nisya' Wardani, Salza Belila Kusuma Wardhani, Maharani Tri Wenny Maulina Wibowo, Jihan Nafila Yukti Nurani Zuhriah Mumtazah