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Dikdik Mulyadi
Universitas Muhammadiyah Sukabumi
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PENGARUH KONSENTRASI RAGI (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) PADA PROSES FERMENTASI LIMBAH KULIT BUAH SUKUN (Artocarpus altilis) DALAM PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL Mulyadi, Dikdik; Mulyani, Reni; Hidayah, Lutfia
Jurnal Energi Baru dan Terbarukan Vol 4, No 3 (2023): Oktober 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Energi, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jebt.2023.17708

Abstract

Penggunaan bahan bakar minyak bumi secara terus menerus dapat menyebabkan kelangkaan dan bahkan penipisan sumber energi. Salah satu energi alternatif yang menjanjikan adalah bioetanol. Bioetanol adalah produksi etanol yang dibuat dari biomassa yang mengandung gula, pati atau selulosa dengan memfermentasi gula menggunakan ragi Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Penggunaan ragi Saccharomyces cerevisiae disini sangat berpengaruh pada hasil bioetanol yang dihasilkan. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan variasi penambahan ragi Saccharomyces cerevisiae untuk dapat membandingkan kandungan bioetanol yang dihasilkan. Sumber penghasil bioetanol dapat dimanfaatkan dari tumbuhan yang mengandung pati, karbohidrat, dan selulosa. Kulit buah sukun (Artocarpus altilis) belum dimanfaatkkan secara maksimal di Indonesia, sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai salah satu bahan baku pembuatan bioetanol. Kulit buah sukun mengandung selulosa sebesar 17.59% yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bioetanol. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi ragi pada proses fermentasi untuk menghasilkan bioetanol dan kadar etanol yang dihasilkan dari bioetanol kulit buah sukun. Pembuatan bioetanol diawali proses hidrolisis dengan asam HCl 1M untuk mengubah karbohidrat menjadi gula. Proses selanjutnya filtrat hidrolisis di fermentasi selama 7 hari dengan menambahkan ragi Saccharomyces cerevisiae yang divariasikan konsentrasinya yaitu 8%, 9%, dan 10%. Banyaknya ragi yang ditambahkan dapat mempengaruhi hasil bioetanol yang dihasilkan. Kadar etanol yang diperoleh dari pengujian kromatografi gas secara berturut adalah 12.7%; 15.0%; 18.2%.
PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI LIMBAH BIJI NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophyllus) DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI HCl Muhammad Nurul Fajar; Dikdik Mulyadi; Salih Muharam
Journal of Scientech Research and Development Vol 5 No 2 (2023): JSRD, December 2023
Publisher : Ikatan Dosen Menulis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56670/jsrd.v5i2.242

Abstract

Sumber energi utama di Negara Indonesia sampai saat ini adalah bahan bakar fosil. Ketersediaan bahan bakar fosil yang digunakan tidak dapat diperbaharui sehingga semakin berkurang dengan berjalannya waktu. Pemerintah telah menetapkan bauran energi nasional tahun 2025, biofuel atau bahan bakar nabati (BBN) seperti biodiesel atau bioetanol ikut memasok sebesar 5%. Biji buah nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus) memiliki kandungan karbohidrat yang dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi bahan baku bioetanol sebagai energi alternatif pengganti bahan bakar fosil. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui potensi biji nangka sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bioetanol dan mengetahui variasi konsentrasi larutan asam yang digunakan. Proses pembuatan bioetanol ini dilakukan fermentasi biji buah nangka dengan Saccharomicess cerevisiae dan proses pemurnian. Hasil bioetanol pada limbah biji nangka dengan variasi konsentrasi larutan HCl adalah 0.6 M (12.988%), 0.8 M (13.802%), dan 1 M (15.228%).
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pengelolaan Air Hujan Berbasis Penerapan Zero Surface Run-Off di Desa Girijaya Kabupaten Sukabumi Mulyadi, Dikdik; Supendi, Arif; Rahayu, Agustina
AKM Vol 6 No 1 (2025): AKM : Aksi Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat - Juli 2025
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ekonomi dan Bisnis Syariah (STEBIS) Indo Global Mandiri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36908/akm.v6i1.1455

Abstract

Penerapan konsep zero surface run-off di Desa Girijaya, Kecamatan Cidahu, Kabupaten Sukabumi, bertujuan untuk mengatasi masalah lingkungan yang dihadapi, seperti pengelolaan sampah yang kurang efektif dan risiko banjir akibat penyumbatan drainase. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini menerapkan konsep zero surface run-off, untuk mengatasi pengelolaan sampah yang tidak efektif dan risiko banjir akibat drainase tersumbat sengan difokuskan pada peningkatan kesadaran dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan lingkungan, serta pengurangan dampak banjir melalui serangkaian kegiatan terintegrasi. Kegiatan meliputi observasi kondisi lingkungan, perencanaan program, pembersihan drainase, pemasangan lubang resapan biopori, seminar tentang pengelolaan sampah berbasis 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle), penanaman pohon, dan pelaksanaan Sekolah Adiwiyata. Kegiatan ini melibatkan partisipasi aktif dari masyarakat setempat dan berbagai lembaga terkait. Hasil dari program menunjukkan peningkatan partisipasi warga, berkurangnya genangan, dan peningkatan daya serap air hujan. Sebanyak 50 bibit pohon berhasil ditanam, 9 lubang biopori di pasang dan drainase di empat dusun dibersihkan. Kesadaran masyarakat meningkat, tercermin dari keterlibatan aktif dalam seluruh kegiatan. Konsep ini terbukti efektif dan dapat dijadikan model pengalolaan lingkungan berkelanjutan..
Optimization and Validation of Clobazam Content Determination Method in Tablet Preparations Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Agustina, Rosita; Mulyadi, Dikdik; Yuningsih, Lela Mukmilah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 3 (2025): Juli-September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i3.9837

Abstract

Clobazam is a tablet-shaped drug whose concentration was analyzed using the HPLC separation method. Analysis of clobazam concentration using a method in accordance with FI VI, with a mobile phase composition of 70 mL of water and 30 mL of acetonitrile, resulting in a retention time of 21 minutes. The purpose of this study was to obtain the most optimal composition of the mobile phase and column to obtain a faster retention time in the analysis of clobazam levels. As well as to validate the analysis method whose results are in accordance with the validation requirements in the Indonesian pharmacopoeia VI. Data were analyzed using linearity tests, specificity or selectivity tests, accuracy tests, repeatability and intermediate precision tests, robustness tests, and LOS and LOQ tests. The results showed a theoretical plate number of 1711.5, a tailing factor of 1.34, and a retention time of 1.69 minutes using a C18 column measuring 150 x 3 mm 3 μm with a mobile phase ratio of acetonitrile: water of 80:20. The validation results of the analytical method for accuracy, precision, selectivity, and robustness showed RSD <2%, Detection Limit (LOD) 0.0014 mg/mL, Quantification Limit (LOQ) 0.0042 mg/mL, and the linearity test results showed a correlation coefficient of 0.999, meeting the FI VI validation criteria. The conclusion is that differences in the composition of the mobile phase and the particle size of the column greatly affect the characteristics of the chromatogram produced in HPLC analysis.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Carbon Dots Derived from Biomass: A Simple and Sustainable Approach Turdini, Shopi; Mulyadi, Dikdik; Yuningsih, Lela Mukmilah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 3 (2025): Juli-September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i3.9842

Abstract

Carbon dots (CDs) are a class of carbon-based nanomaterials that have attracted significant attention in the field of nanotechnology due to their strong photoluminescence, biocompatibility, and ease of surface passivation. In recent years, biomass-derived approaches for CDs synthesis have become a primary focus, driven by the growing demand for environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable synthetic methods. This study aims to synthesize carbon dots (CDs) from molasses, a sugar-based biomass waste, using a simple hydrothermal method. Characterization results revealed that the synthesized CDs have an average particle size of 313.5 nm and retain surface functional groups such as –OH, –COOH, C=O, and C–H, which are essential for extended applications. The findings demonstrate that molasses can serve as a viable carbon source that not only supports the concept of green synthesis but also opens new opportunities for biomass-based CDs in sustainable applications, including environmental remediation, adsorbents, or macro-scale drug delivery systems suitable for mucosal or gastrointestinal routes. Moreover, this work contributes to the advancement of eco-friendly carbon-based materials.
Phytochemical Screening and Evaluation of in Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Terminalia Mantaly H. perrier Leaves Using BSA Protein Denaturation Assay Harfan, Anita Anida; Mulyani, Reni; Mulyadi, Dikdik
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): in Progress
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10287

Abstract

The biological reaction to tissue damage known as inflammation is typified by the production of mediators including cytokines and prostaglandins. Long-term usage of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) can have negative effects, despite their widespread use. This study explores the potential of Terminalia mantaly H. perrier (ketapang kencana), a plant known to contain various bioactive compounds, as a natural anti-inflammatory agent. The aim of this study was to analyze the phytochemical content and evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanol extracts of T. mantaly leaves using the Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) protein denaturation method. 70% and 96% ethanol were used in the maceration process for extraction. The 70% ethanol extract included flavonoids, tannins, saponins, triterpenoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids, according to phytochemical screening. With an IC₅₀ value of 27,86 ppm Terminalia mantaly etanol extract 70%, the anti-inflammatory test revealed that the 70% ethanol extract at 400 ppm reduced protein denaturation by 92,29%, which was comparable to the inhibition by sodium diclofenac (84,04% at 50 ppm).  These results suggest that polar compounds in the 70% ethanol extract significantly contribute to its anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, T. mantaly leaf extract demonstrates promising potential as a natural phytopharmaceutical candidate for inflammation therapy.
Co-Authors . Suryatna A Jaka Kurnia Agustina, Rosita Aji Achmad Saputra Aneu Aryani Pratiwi Desi Kusumawati Devi Indah Anwar Devia Indriani Harfan, Anita Anida Hidayah, Lutfia La Ode Sumarlin Lela Lailatul Khumaisah Lela Laitul Khumaisah Lela Mukmilah Y Lela Mukmilah Yuningsih Muhammad Nurul Fajar Nopriana Yusuf Rahayu, Agustina Reni Mulyani Salih Muharam Sugiarti Rahayu Supendi, Arif Tania Ardisa Turdini, Shopi Yoga Asmara