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Journal : Science Get Journal

Utilization of Natural Adsorbents (Rice Husk, Charcoal) in Drinking Water Treatment to Reduce Heavy Metal and Microorganism Content Lieza Corsita
Science Journal Get Press Vol 2 No 4 (2025): October, 2025
Publisher : CV. Get Press Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69855/science.v2i4.276

Abstract

Access to clean drinking water is a fundamental human right, yet millions face contamination from heavy metals and pathogens. This study evaluated the efficacy of natural adsorbents raw rice husk (RH), rice husk ash (RHA), and activated carbon (AC) for treating contaminated water. The adsorbents were prepared, characterized, and tested in batch experiments. Characterization via SEM, FTIR, and BET revealed that activation significantly enhanced properties; AC exhibited the highest surface area (732.5 m²/g) and porosity, followed by RHA and RH. Under optimized conditions (pH 6-7, dosage 2 g/L, contact time 60 min), AC demonstrated superior removal efficiencies for Pb²⁺ (92.6%), As³⁺ (88.4%), and F⁻ (75.1%). Adsorption data best fit the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating monolayer chemisorption. However, microbial removal was limited (<30% for E. coli), underscoring the need for complementary disinfection. Regeneration studies showed AC maintained >80% efficiency after three cycles. The findings confirm that activated carbon is highly effective, while rice husk ash is a viable low-cost alternative for heavy metal and fluoride removal. For comprehensive water safety, integrating these adsorbents into hybrid treatment systems is recommended.
Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene Oxide-Based Composite Membranes for Enhanced Seawater Desalination Process Efficiency Andi Haslinah; Lieza Corsita; Setiarto Pratigto; Indah Tri Rizky; Adianti Putri Alitonang
Science Journal Get Press Vol 3 No 1 (2026): January, 2026
Publisher : CV. Get Press Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69855/science.v3i1.354

Abstract

Graphene oxide (GO) is a promising nanomaterial for membrane-based desalination due to its tunable interlayer structure and abundant surface functionalities. This study synthesized and characterized a graphene oxide titanium dioxide (GO–TiO₂) composite membrane via vacuum-assisted filtration to enhance seawater desalination performance. Characterization using XRD, FTIR, SEM, and contact angle analysis confirmed uniform TiO₂ incorporation, which expanded GO interlayer spacing from 0.77 nm to 0.90 nm, increased hydrophilicity, and improved structural stability. Forward osmosis (FO) tests using 3.5 wt% NaCl feed solution showed that the GO–TiO₂ membrane achieved over 99% salt rejection and a 125% increase in water flux compared to pristine GO membranes. TiO₂ acted as a nano-spacer and hydrophilic agent, reducing GO restacking and facilitating water transport. These results indicate that the GO–TiO₂ composite membrane offers enhanced permeability, selectivity, and durability, making it a promising candidate for sustainable seawater desalination.