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All Journal Reaktor Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Jurnal Teknik JURNAL ANALIS LABORATORIUM MEDIK Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia JURNAL KIMIA SAINTEK DAN PENDIDIKAN
Z Zulfansyah
Jurusan Teknik Kimia Universitas Riau
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology

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Alkaline Treatment of Oil Palm Frond Fibers by Using Extract of Oil Palm EFB Ash for Better Adhesion toward Polymeric Matrix Fatra, Warman; Sanjaya, Randi; Zulfansyah, Zulfansyah; Rionaldo, Hari; Helwani, Zuchra
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 47, No 5 (2015)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (294.663 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2015.47.5.3

Abstract

In Indonesia, 187 million tons of biomass were produced from 8.11 million ha of oil palm plantation in 2009. This massive amount of biomass mainly consists of oil palm fronds (OPF) and oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB), which are normally categorized as waste. The properties of OPF fibers compared to those of synthetic fibers, such as low density, low cost, less abrasion of equipment, and safer production, makes them an attractive reinforcement for composite materials. In this work, the utilization of oil palm empty fruit bunch ash for OPF fiber-polyester resin composite and the effect of process conditions were studied. Water absorption, tensile and flexural strength were used to characterize the effects of alkaline treatment on modified OPF fibers in polyester resin. The investigation focused on the effect of alkaline treatment time. Treatment temperature and liquid to solid ratio were analyzed using Response Surface Method-Central Composite Design (RSM-CCD). The highest tensile strength (44.87 MPa) was achieved at 12 hours soaking time, at 40°C treatment temperature and 5:1 water to ash ratio. The highest flexural strength (120.50 MPa) was obtained at 1.3 hours soaking time, 4 dissolving ratio and 35°C treatment temperature. The lowest water absorption of composite (3.00%) was achieved at the longest soaking time (14.7 hours), 4 dissolving ratio and 35°C treatment temperature. Variance of soaking time, dissolving ratio and temperature in the alkaline treatment process using extract of oil palm empty fruit bunch ash significantly affected the mechanical and physical properties of the oil palm frond fibers reinforced composite.
Pengaruh Kondisi Proses Terhadap Karakteristik Pulp Pada Fraksinasi Rumput Gajah Menggunakan Asam Formiat Dizikri, Dizikri; Helwani, Zuchra; Rionaldo, Hari; Zulfansyah, Zulfansyah
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Elephant grass is a lignocellulosic biomass which has not been utilized optimally. Fractination of elephant grass can be converted into valuable products, such as pulp. The objectives on this research is to study the effect of the process condition on pulp yield, cellulose and lignin content in pulp. The effect of process condition were studied by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using Central Composite Design (CCD). Fractionation of elephant grass performed on a normal boiling point of the solution with a concentration of formic acid (60%, 70% and 80%), the reaction time of 60-180 minutes, solid to liquid ratio of 10/1 to 20/1, 40 grams elephant grass, HCl catalyst 0.1% wt. This research has 4 stages process that are cooking, screening, washing and drying. The pulp from process will be analyzed for yield pulp, alpha celluose content and lignin content. The result shows that fractionation of elephant grass have yield pulp of 53.6% to 73.7%, cellulose pulp of 84.03% to 93.97% and lignin pulp of 11% to 19.5%. the concentration of formic acid and reaction time influence each response significantly.Keywords: biomass fractionantion, central composite design, elephant grass, response surface methodology.
Pembuatan Pulp Dari Rumput Gajah Dengan Pelarut Organik Asam Formiat Syahputra, Dede; Helwani, Zuchra; Rionaldo, Hari; Zulfansyah, Zulfansyah
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Elephant grass is lignocellulosic material that has the potential as raw material in pulping process. The objective of this research is to study effect of operational condition on the characteristic of pulp. Effect of the process condition were studied by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Design (CCD). Pulping Experiment were carried out at the boiling temperature of cooking liquorat atmosphere ic pressure with 40 gram of elephent grass with a concentration of formic acid were 60%, 70%, and 80%, cooking time were 60 minutes, 120 minutes, and 180 minutes, solid to liquor ratio were 10/1, 15/1, and 20/1, and catalyst HCl was 0,1%. The result showed that pulp of the elephant grass have yield pulp of 53,6% - 73,7%, lignin content of 11% - 19,5%, and tensile index of 47,93 – 205,491 Nm/g.   Keywords:  organosolv pulping, formic acid, elephant grass, CCD, RSM.
Optimasi Kondisi Proses Pembuatan Pulp Tandan Kosong Sawit Rafi, M Khaidiz; Helwani, Zuchra; Rionaldo, Hari; Zulfansyah, Zulfansyah
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The use of wood for paper making in Indonesia can be reduced by biomass materials and non-wood raw materials. Indonesia is the country that produces the largest palm oil in the world with a total oil palm plantation area of 11 million Ha and a total palm oil production of 33 million tons / year [Ministry of Agriculture, 2016]. Reduce palm oil mill waste can be use by utilizing oil palm empty fruit bunch as alternative raw material in making paper. A central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were employed to optimize the soda pulping of oil palm empty fruit bunch. The effects of three independent variables are temperature (120oC, 130oC and 140oC), cooking time (60, 120 and 180 min), solid to liquor ratio (1/8, 1/10 and 1/12) on pulp yield, lignin content, and physical properties of pulp were investigated. The major parameter influencing was the solid to liquor ratio for pulp yield and lignin content. According to the response surface analysis the optimum conditions for yiled pulp 50,66% and lignin content of 5,2% would be obtained using a cooking time of 60 minute, at 180◦C and with a solid to solid to liquor ratio of 1/12 with desirability value 0.788. On the physical characteristics of the pulp the value obtained for the burst index is 21.769 kPa m2/g, tensile index 0.570875 mN.m2/g and tear index 548.791 mN/g.Keywords: oil palm empty fruit bunch, optimization, CCD, RSM.
Perancangan dan Pembuatan Program Simulasi Kesetimbangan Termodinamika untuk Proses Gasifikasi Biomassa Rionaldo, Hari; Zulfansyah; Mazlani
Jurnal Teknik: Media Pengembangan Ilmu dan Aplikasi Teknik Vol 20 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Teknik - Media Pengembangan Ilmu dan Aplikasi Teknik
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik - Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26874/jt.vol20no1.416

Abstract

The non-stoichiometric thermodynamic equilibrium simulation program for the biomass gasification process was developed using the Python programming language. It is featured with a GUI (Graphical Users Interface), to facilitate user interaction. The program is designed to calculate the composition of gas producer with 6 components involved, they are CH4, CO, CO2, H2, N2, and H2O. The design of computational algorithms for calculating non-stoichiometric thermochemical equilibrium models is converted into Python code. The GUI consists of input and output facilities in form of tables and graphs of calculation results. The input facility is designed in such a way that the user can vary the gasification temperature and the equivalent ratio. The calculation results of the simulation program are verified with the calculated data manually to ensure that there are no errors in the algorithm or writing program code. It is also compared with the experimental data from previous studies to see the accuracy of the thermodynamic model in predicting the composition of gas producer. The non-stoichiometric thermodynamic equilibrium simulation program for the biomass gasification process can predict the composition of producer gas with a fairly good level of accuracy and can be used as a learning medium in studying thermodynamic equilibrium.
Ekstraksi KOH Dari Abu Tandan Kosong Sawit Menggunakan Sistem Bertahap Banyak Beraliran Co-Current Ulima, Riris; Zulfansyah, Zulfansyah; Helwani, Zuchra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Utilization of oil palm empty fruit bunches is still limited. One alternative to utilizing oil palm empty fruit bunch is by extracting potassium hydroxide from oil palm empty fruit bunch ash. This research aims to determine the effect of extraction time and temperature using the co-current flow method on potassium concentration. The dry ashes of oil palm empty fruit bunches was sieved with a 100 mesh sieve then extracted using water as a solvent at temperatures of 50°C, 65°C, 80°C and extraction times 30, 60, 90 minutes. The results showed that at an extraction temperature of 80°C and  extraction time of 90 minutes, the highest potassium concentration was 6.888 ppm. The concentration of potassium increases with increasing temperature and extraction time.   Keywords : ash, co-current, extraction, potassium
Pengambilan Pati Dari Batang Sawit Saparullah, Zulkarnaen; Zulfansyah, Zulfansyah; Helwani, Zuchra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The replanting of oil palm produced 70.2 tons per hectare of solid palm oil waste. The utilization of palm oil waste has been limited. One alternative to deal with this problem is by extracting starch contained in the oil palm trunk. The purpose of this study is to extract starch and determine the effect of process conditions on starch quality. starch extraction was carried out under atmospheric conditions with 125 gram weight of palm stem powder, sodium metabisulfite concentration (0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75%), extraction time (12 hours, 24 hours and 36 hours) and liquid solid ratio 15/1 ( b / b). The result should highest starch content was obtained at a solvent concentration of 0.5% with an extraction time of 24 hours and a liquid solids ratio of 15/1. Keywords : oil palm trunk, extraction, starch,
Pengaruh Penambahan Wollastonite dan Variasi GCC/PCC Terhadap Kekuatan Kertas Dalam Proses Pembuatan Kertas Nurhayati, Nurhayati; Zulfansyah, Zulfansyah; Rionaldo, Hari; Hasudungan, Janso
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2021
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Filler is one of component used in papermaking industry to reduce production cost and improve paper properties. Ground Calcium Carbonate (GCC) and Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) are the most effective filler used in papermaking process. However, high usage of GCC and PCC may decrease paper strength. As an attempt to increase filler application in the papermaking process, wollastonite / calcium silicate is used as an additive to increase filler retention, without reduction in paper strength. The filler modification was done by adding 2% wollastonite per total filler dose. This study will evaluate the effect of adding wollastonite on filler retention and paper strength at filler doses of 21, 23 and 25% with variations in the percentage composition of PCC / GCC from 100/0, 90/10, and 80/20. The addition of wollastonite to filler with the resulted in increasing filler retention and no significant change in tensile index. Basis weight and thickness also showed stable values. The best filler retention obtained at 23% filler dose, with filler composition of 90% PCC 90% and 10% GCC, which resulted in 99% filler retention of the total filler dose added. The addition of 2% wollastonite in paper-making process will increase filler dose from 21% to 23%, which reducing fiber usage, therefore it the addition of wollastonite has the potential to reduce raw material costs by 5.8 USD / ton.Keyword : Filler, Filler retention, PCC, GCC, Wollastonite
Pengaruh dimensi kompor dan kadar air biomassa terhadap kinerja kompor gasifikasi forced draft Z Zulfansyah; H Hermanto; Muhammad Iwan Fermi
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Vol 11, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : ASOSIASI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI TEKNIK KIMIA INDONESIA (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jtki.2013.12.1.7

Abstract

Influence of stove dimensions and biomass moisture content on forced draft gasification stove performanceConsumption level of biomass as a source of primary energy in Indonesia is quite high, reaching 280 million barrels of oil equivalent (BOE) and approximately 84% of the biomass is has been used for the household sector. The application of gasification stove especially in cooking purposes can increase the efficiency of fuel usage. This research uses three units gasification stove with variation of stove dimension. Acacia wood branches with moisture content 7.26%, 9.63% and 12.58% were used as fuel source. Water boiling test (WBT) procedural was used to evaluate the stove performance. Operating time and flame temperature of the stove also were the parameter of stove performance evaluation. Thermal efficiency of the forced draft gasification stove is approximately 25.03% to 30.44%, the most efficient is 12 cm in diameter and 16 cm high stove with 9.63% biomass moisture content. Although the resulting flame is still reddish yellow, the forced draft gasification stove is capable of producing up to 3.43 kWth (kilowatt thermal) thermal energy with the highest flame temperature reaches 933oC. The results show that the gasification stove operating conditions greatly affect the performance of the stove.Keywords: biomass, gasification stove, forced draft, thermal efficiency AbstrakTingkat penggunaan biomassa sebagai sumber energi primer di Indonesia cukup tinggi yaitu mencapai 280 juta setara barel minyak (SBM) dan sekitar 84% dari biomassa tersebut digunakan untuk kebutuhan sektor rumah tangga. Penggunaan kompor gasifikasi untuk kebutuhan rumah tangga khususnya untuk kegiatan memasak dapat meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan bahan bakar. Pada penelitian ini digunakan tiga unit kompor gasifikasi dengan variasi dimensi ruang bakar kompor. Sedangkan bahan bakar yang digunakan yaitu ranting kayu akasia dengan kadar air 7,26%, 9,63% dan 12,58%. Metoda pengujian mengikuti prosedur water boiling test (WBT), selain itu waktu operasi dan temperatur nyala api juga menjadi parameter kinerja kompor gasifikasi yang dievaluasi. Efisiensi termal kompor gasifikasi forced draft yang dihasilkan yaitu 25,03% hingga 30,44%, dengan efisiensi tertinggi yaitu pada kompor berdiameter 12 cm dan tinggi 16 cm serta biomassa berkadar air 9,63%. Walaupun nyala api yang dihasilkan masih berwarna kuning kemerahan, namun kompor gasifikasi forced draft mampu menghasilkan energi termal hingga 3,43 kWth (kilowatt thermal) dengan temperatur nyala api tertinggi mencapai 933oC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi operasi kompor gasifikasi sangat berpengaruh terhadap kinerja kompor sehingga disain kondisi operasi kompor perlu disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pengguna kompor gasifikasi. Kata kunci: biomassa, kompor gasifikasi, forced draft, efisiensi termal
ANALISA UNSUR HARA MIKRO DARI FLY ASH LIMBAH INDUSTRI PULP DAN KERTAS Maria Peratenta Sembiring; Chairul Chairul; Zulfansyah Zulfansyah
Jurnal Analis Laboratorium Medik Vol 6 No 1 (2021): JURNAL ANALIS LABORATORIUM MEDIK
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SARI MUTIARA INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51544/jalm.v6i1.1929

Abstract

The pulp and paper industry continues to grow and produces large amounts of fly ash waste from the biomass combustion process. Alternative waste management besides landfills needs to be developed so that the use of fly ash can be ecologically and economically acceptable, such as for land applications in industrial plantations, especially on peat soils. This paper presents the results of the analysis of micro nutrients from fly ash from pulp and paper mill waste that can be used for agriculture and forestry. The elemental content of boron (B) and zinc (Zn) can be detected in fly ash samples both by lauryl amine extraction and stearyl amine extraction, where the optimum amount is obtained using 15 gram of fatty amine and n-hexane solvent with a processing time of 4 hours. Stearyl amine gives a higher yield than lauryl amine because it has a longer saturated carbon chain.
Co-Authors Ahria Maulisa Amun Amri Ani Suryani Ari Hidayat Chairul, Chairul David Andrio Desi Heltina Desi Ivo Andri Ari Dimas DP Nugroho Dita Nurhalimah Dizikri, Dizikri Edi Susanto Eko Karmiza Erliza Hambali Erwan Handoko Febryanto Febryanto Gabriella Carissa Putihardjo H Hermanto Hari Rionaldo Hari Rionaldo Hari Rionaldo Hari Rionaldo Hasudungan, Janso Indra Hidayatul Mubarah Is Sulistyati Janso Hasudungan M. Iwan Fermi Maria Peratenta Sembiring Mazlani Mazlani Mazlani Mazlani Meilany Sri Utami Mitrodono H L Gaol Muhammad S. A. Aziz Nurhayati Nurhayati Rafi, M Khaidiz Randi Sanjaya Randi Sanjaya, Randi Retna Julita Rio Nanda Novendra Romy Romy Samsu Rizal Saparullah, Zulkarnaen Septiani Adeka Sherly Oktarizona, Shinta Anggraini Sri Helianty Sri Wahdini Rahmi Syahputra, Dede Ulima, Riris Wahyu Syahputra Warman Fatra, Warman Wenny Susanty Zuchra Helwani Zuchra Helwani, Zuchra