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All Journal VALENSI JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research Jurnal Riset Kimia Alchemy Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Science and Technology Indonesia ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Maulidan Firdaus
Department Of Chemistry, Faculty Of Mathematics And Natural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57126
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Physics

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Synthesis of 2,2,4-Trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine using Treated Natural Zeolite Catalyst Maulidan Firdaus; Meyta Dyah Prameswari
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 1 Year 2019 (April 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.1.2222.9-16

Abstract

The cyclocondensation of 1,2-phenylenediamine and acetone in the presence of treated natural zeolite catalyst (TNZ) under solvent-free condition has been done. The research consisted of three steps. The first step was treatment of natural zeolite by mixing this material in hydrochloric acid solution at 50 °C for 1 hour to be followed by soaking the zeolite in ammonium chloride solution for 5 days. The second step was solvent-free condensation of 1,2-phenylenediamine and acetone using TNZ at 50 °C for 2 hours with weight ratio variation of catalyst, i.e. 15, 30, 45, and 60% (wt/wt). The third step was to study catalyst reusability for the condensation reaction. Based on TLC, FTIR, and 1H NMR analyses, the condensation afforded 2,2,4-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine as the product in 73% yield with the optimum of catalyst loading at 30% (wt/wt). The reusability test showed that the catalyst can be reused for the cyclocondensation for four times. 
Cellulose Ethers from Banana (Musa balbisiana Colla) Blossom Cellulose: Synthesis and Multivariate Optimization Safira Zidna Salama; Maulidan Firdaus; Venty Suryanti
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.86769

Abstract

Cellulose ethers are biocompatible polymers which have attracted considerable attention for various applications due to their physical and mechanical properties. The present work aims to find the optimum condition for synthesizing cellulose ethers from banana blossom cellulose (BBC) such as methylcellulose (MC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC). The ultrasonication-assisted method as an energy source is used to shorten the synthesis time at room temperature and obtain high yields. The influences of various parameters (NaOH concentration, etherification agents, and sonication time) were analyzed using a multivariate statistical modeling response surface methodology (RSM). The materials were characterized by FTIR, SEM, and TGA. The cellulose ethers obtained have the potential as food additives with DS values of 2.0, 0.7, and 0.86, respectively. MC was synthesized optimally with a yield of 96.52% using a composition of cellulose (0.4 g), 50% (w/v) NaOH (10 mL) and dichloromethane (6 mL). CMC was synthesized optimally with a yield of 98.26% using a composition of cellulose (0.4 g), 30% (w/v) NaOH (2 mL) and monochloroacetic acid (1 g). HPC was synthesized optimally with a yield of 97.51% using a composition of cellulose (0.4 g), 10% (w/v) NaOH (2 mL) and propylene oxide (1.5 mL).
Synthesis and Characterization of Anethole-lauryl Methacrylate Copolymer via Cationic Polymerization Handayani, Desi Suci; Tahara, Alfia Uke; Firdaus, Maulidan; Suryanti, Venty; Kusumaningsih, Triana; Marliyana, Soerya Dewi; Wibowo, Fajar Rakhman; Wartono, Muhammad Widyo
Molekul Vol 18 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.3.7078

Abstract

The synthesis of anethole-lauryl methacrylate (LMA) copolymer had been carried out by cationic polymerization using BF3O(C2H5)2 as the initiator without the use of solvent at room temperature (28-30 °C) over atmospheric N2 conditions. Polymerization was conducted by varying LMA concentration i.e. 2%, 4%, and 6%, (w/w) with respect to the anethole weight. Structural determination of co-poly(anethole-LMA) was done using FTIR and 1H-NMR spectrophotometer. The relative molecular weight (Mv) of co-poly (anethole-LMA) was measured by an Ostwald Viscometer at room temperature. Morphological characterization and surface area analysis of co-poly(anethole-LMA) was performed using SEM and SAA, respectively. The successful synthesis of co-poly(anethole-LMA) was proven by the disappearance of vinyl group absorption at 1696, 1638, 965, and 938 cm-1 of the FTIR spectra, as well as the loss of vinyl group proton signals at 6.4-5.5 ppm in the 1H-NMR spectra. Increasing the weight of the LMA affected the characteristics of co-poly(anethole-LMA). The relative molecular weight of co-poly(anethole-LMA) was found to rise by increasing the weight of LMA. The Mv of co-poly(anethole-LMA) 2%, 4%, and 6% were 32378.62, 50611.05, and 65133.79 g/mol, respectively. The morphology of co-poly(anethole-LMA) showed that the surface distance between particles was getting tighter and the highest surface area in co-poly(Anethole-LMA) 6% was 233.80 m2/g.
In Silico and In Vivo Studies of Carboxymethyl Cellulose Based Hydrogels from Cassava Stem and Young Papaya Seed Extract for Diabetic Wounds Rahmawati, Risma; Lestari, Annisa Firda; Anggraini, Putri Regita; Safitri, Rahmadita Irma; A'yunin, Alfi Rizki; Firdaus, Maulidan
Molekul Vol 19 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2024.19.2.7286

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Diabetic chronic wound care remains a global challenge due to higher rates of infection leading to amputations and death. The development of wound dressing materials with good biocompatibility, adequate mechanical strength, high absorption, and anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties are criteria for ideal wound dressings in clinical applications. This study aimed to prepare hydrogel plasters based on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) from cassava stems (Manihot esculenta C.) with the addition of an active substance from young papaya seeds (Carica papaya L.) for diabetic wound healing. The methods used included CMC synthesis, extraction of young papaya seeds, preparation of nanoparticles, hydrogel optimization using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), in silico study, and in vivo tests. All products for each stage were characterized by FTIR and XRD. Hydrogels were characterized by testing pH, organoleptic, swelling ratio, gel fraction, biodegradability, FTIR, and SEM. The results of RSM optimization obtained hydrogel with the formula Na-CMC 3%, citric acid 2%, and stirring temperature 70. Based on the in-silico test results, the apigenin compound has the lowest binding energy, namely -9.4 kcal/mol, so it has the potential to heal diabetic wounds by triggering angiogenesis through the VEGFR2 signal. In vivo test results showed that the hydrogel with the addition of young papaya seed extract had the fastest wound healing rate compared to other treatments, marked by 100% wound closure on the 10th day. Keywords: carboxymethyl cellulose, cassava stem, diabetes wound, hydrogel, young papaya seeds.
Green Metrics Evaluation on The Cannizzaro Reaction of p-Anisaldehyde and Benzaldehyde Under Solvent-Free Conditions Firdaus, Maulidan; Firdausi, Nisrina Rahma; Rahmana, Desy Nila; Kusumaningsih, Triana
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 9, No. 2, November 2023
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v9i2.35641

Abstract

In the pursuit of environmentally responsible chemical processes, we conducted a thorough assessment of the green metrics associated with the Cannizzaro reaction using p-anisaldehyde and benzaldehyde under solvent-free conditions. This research elaborates the application of two different methods i.e., reflux and ultrasonication, applying potassium hydroxide (KOH) as the reagent. The progress of the Cannizzaro reaction was methodically followed via thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and the resulting products were characterized using various techniques, including melting point analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). To measure the environmental impact and sustainability of these reactions, a multifaceted approach was used. Green metrics were evaluated by the state-of-the-art Environmental Assessment Tool for Organic Syntheses (EATOS) software, combined with the Andraos algorithm. Moreover, energy consumption calculations were evaluated. Reasonable analysis of the green metrics results was undertaken in the framework of prevailing literature, permitting to measure the level of eco-friendliness attained. Experimental findings revealed optimal conditions for the Cannizzaro reaction concerning p-anisaldehyde at a temperature of 50 °C for 90 minutes, resulting in remarkable of p-anisyl alcohol and p-anisic acid in 95.16% and 95.04% yields, respectively. Likewise, the reaction involving benzaldehyde reached its peak performance at 50 °C for 2 hours, giving benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid in 96.17% and 97.22% yields, respectively. Overall, the green metrics assessment and energy consumption calculations reliably confirmed that the solvent-free Cannizzaro reaction, when performed via ultrasonication, offers a reasonably greener and more energy-efficient method than the traditional ones. This research highlights the importance of sustainable chemical synthesis practices and their potential to reduce the environmental footprint of chemical processes.
Labdane Aldehyde Diterpenoids from Curcuma mangga Rhizome Wartono, Muhammad Widyo; Aini, Qurotul; Suryanti, Venty; Firdaus, Maulidan; Rakhman Wibowo, Fajar; Dewi Marliyana, Soerya; Kusumaningsih, Triana; Suci Handayani, Desi
The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research Vol. 12 No. 3 (2023): September-December 2023
Publisher : Chemistry Department, The University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpacr.2023.012.03.694

Abstract

Curcuma mangga val. (Zingiberaceae) is one of the plants that used as traditional medicine by Indonesian. Several studies have been reported on the content of compounds of C. mangga, but it is not yet known which compounds have medicinal properties. In this study, two labdane diterpenes were isolated from the extract of rhizome of C. mangga. Determination of the structure conducted by NMR (1H, 13C, HSQC and HMBC) that obtained two compounds, calcaratarin A (1) and labda-8(17),12-diene-15,16-dial (2). Both compounds have an aldehyde functional group. However, both compounds did not show antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli.
Karakterisasi, Aplikasi, dan Bioaktivitas Edible Film Kitosan dengan Bahan Aktif Minyak Atsiri Sabella Vegasty; Triana Kusumaningsih; Maulidan Firdaus; Annisa Istiqomah
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 21, No 1 (2025): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.21.1.86140.1-16

Abstract

Penelitian terkait edible film kitosan telah banyak dikembangkan selama beberapa tahun terakhir. Edible film kitosan merupakan alternatif kemasan pangan yang ramah lingkungan. Kitosan dapat membentuk ikatan intermolekul dengan pati, yang membantu memperbaiki struktur dan sifat fisik film, meningkatkan kilap, transparansi, aktivitas antibakteri, dan mengurangi tingkat kebasahan campuran pelapis. Kombinasi biofilm kitosan-pati singkong merupakan kandidat kuat untuk pelapis dan pengemasan pangan. Campuran keduanya masih bersifat hidrofilik sehingga stabilitas mekanis, ketahanan air, dan perlindungan kelembaban masih jauh dari standar ideal. Penambahan minyak atsiri dapat meningkatkan kekuatan tarik, perpanjangan, dan memperkuat matriks polimer antara kitosan-pati juga berpotensi meningkatkan bioaktivitas dalam edible film. Kajian ini difokuskan pada (1) Pengaruh kombinasi minyak atsiri terhadap karakteristik fisik, kimia, termal, dan mekanik edible film kitosan/pati dan (2) Pembahasan bioaktivitas edible film kitosan/pati/minyak atsiri terhadap berbagai mikroorganisme dalam pangan (3) Aplikasi edible film kitosan/pati/minyak atsiri pada produk pangan.Characterization, Application, and Bioactivity of Edible Chitosan/Starch Film with Essential Oil Active Ingredients. Research related to chitosan edible film has been widely developed over the past few years. Chitosan edible film is an environmentally friendly alternative to food packaging. Chitosan can form intermolecular bonds with starch, which helps improve the structure and physical properties of the film, increases gloss, transparency, antibacterial activity, and reduces the wetness of the coating mixture. The combination of chitosan-cassava starch biofilm is a strong candidate for food coating and packaging. The mix of both is still hydrophilic, so the mechanical stability, water resistance, and moisture protection are still far from ideal standards. The addition of essential oils can increase tensile strength, elongation and strengthen the polymer matrix between chitosan-starch, which also has the potential to increase bioactivity in edible films. This review focuses on (1) The effect of essential oil combination on the physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical characteristics of chitosan/starch edible films and (2) Discussion of the bioactivity of chitosan/starch/essential oil edible films on various microorganisms in food (3) Application of edible chitosan/starch/essential oil films on food products.
Development and Testing of a Portable Air Purifier with Chemical and UV-C Filtration for Virus and Pollutant Removal Yunita, Ailsa Rahma; Vegasty, Sabella; Izati, Zhahira Nur; Massardi, Adhie; Kusumaningsih, Triana; Firdaus, Maulidan
Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jrk.v16i2.790

Abstract

COVID-19 has profoundly impacted global health due to its severe respiratory effects. Similarly, respiratory issues are also triggered by pollutants such as O3, SO2, NO2, and CO. In response to these challenges, this study developed a portable air purifier called APMIKAV, incorporating sodium lauryl sulfate, activated carbon, and UV-C light as filter components. APMIKAV fabrication aimed to build a portable air purifier and study its effectiveness in filtering air containing viruses and pollutants into clean air. The APMIKAV utilized a three-stage filtration process that included a surfactant filter for pollutant removal and virus lysis, an activated carbon filter for pollutant adsorption, and a UV-C filter to deactivate viral DNA and RNA. Methods included designing, assembling, and testing. Antiviral testing was carried out with GeNose C19 on patients who tested positive for COVID-19, while air parameters were analyzed using an NDIR analyzer for CO and an air sampling impinger for O3, SO2, and NO2. Test with GeNose C19 showed negative results. Pollutant concentrations post-filtration average efficiency were 98.17%, 68.84%, 49.29%, and 66.34%, for NO2, O3, SO2, and CO, respectively. Overall, the multi-stage filtration process provided a robust solution for enhancing air quality in environments susceptible to both pollution and viral transmission, which confirmed APMIKAV's effectiveness in providing cleaner and safer air.
Manufacturing and Characterization of Bioplastic from Chitosan and Rambutan Seed (Nephelium lappaceum L.) Starch with the Addition of Sorbitol as Plasticizer Kusumaningsih, Triana; Firdaus, Maulidan; Handayani, Desi; Rahayu, Windi Vinata; Vegasty, Sabella; Ningsih, Dyah A F; Istiqomah, Annisa
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.4.990-998

Abstract

A bioplastic formulated from chitosan and rambutan seed starch (Nephelium lappaceum L.), with sorbitol added as a plasticizer, presents a promising innovation to reduce the reliance on conventional plastics, which contribute to an annual waste accumulation of 381 million tons. This study aims to produce bioplastic from chitosan and rambutan seed starch, to analyze its physical and mechanical properties, and to determine the optimal composition. The bioplastic was fabricated using the solution casting method, with heating at 85-95◦C and drying in an oven at 60◦C for approximately 24 hours. The resulting bioplastic exhibited favorable tensile strength and elongation, as well as rapid biodegradability in soil. FTIR analysis revealed functional groups including O-H, C-H, N-H, C-O, and C-C, indicating the presence of corresponding components. The best composition was achieved with a starch-to-chitosan ratio of 40:60% and 20% sorbitol, resulting in a thickness of 0.21 mm, density of 0.80 g/cm3, water absorptionof 41.17%, tensile strength of 52.53 N/mm2, elongation of 22.64%, and biodegradability of 36.67%. TGA analysis showed three degradation stages i.e. water dehydration, starch degradation, and chitosan degradation.
Co-Authors A'yunin, Alfi Rizki Abu Masykur Anas Santria Anggraini, Putri Regita Annisa Istiqomah Annisa Istiqomah, Annisa Annisa Nur Buana Wati Atmanto Heru Wibowo Berlian Ayu Rismawati Sugiarto Chairil Anwar Chairil Anwar Desi Handayani Desi Suci Handayani Desi Suci Handayani Desi Suci Handayani Desy Nila Rahmana Dewi Marliyana, Soerya Diah Fitri Carolina Ema Nur Annisa Fajar Rakhman Wibowo Fajar Rakhman Wibowo Firdausi, Nisrina Rahma Fyan Tri Istiqomah Juneasri Ichsan Arifagama Izati, Zhahira Nur Jumina Jumina Jumina Jumina Lestari, Annisa Firda Lina Tri Marfu’ah Massardi, Adhie Meyta Dyah Prameswari Muhammad Widyo Wartono, Muhammad Widyo Nestri Handayani Ningsih, Dyah A F Nisrina Rahma Firdausi Qurotul Aini Rahayu, Windi Vinata Rahmana, Desy Nila Rakhman Wibowo, Fajar Reinner Ishaq Lerrick Risma Rahmawati Sabella Vegasty Safira Zidna Salama Safitri, Rahmadita Irma Soerya Dewi Marliyana Surya Dewi Marliyana Tahara, Alfia Uke Triana Kusumaningsih Triana Kusumaningsih Triana Kusumaningsih Triana Kusumaningsih Triana Kusumaningsih Vegasty, Sabella Venty Suryanti Venty Suryanti Venty Suryanti Yunita, Ailsa Rahma Zuhdi Alqowamul Amin Zulfaa Afiifah