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Keanekaragaman Serangga pada Tanaman Aren (Arenga pinnata) di Habitat Hutan Sekunder dan Lahan Pertanian Siti Hardianti Wahyuni; Meiliana Friska; Surya Handayani; Jumaria Nasution; Cindy Febriany Batubara
JUSTER : Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): JUSTER: Jurnal Sains dan Terapan
Publisher : Jompa Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57218/juster.v5i2.2794

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji distribusi dan kelimpahan serangga yang berasosiasi dengan tanaman aren (Arenga pinnata) pada habitat lahan pertanian dan hutan sekunder di Desa Ulumamis, Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode survei lapangan dengan teknik purposive sampling pada empat pohon aren produktif. Pengambilan data selama tujuh hari menggunakan perangkap feromon dan light trap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total serangga yang tertangkap sebanyak 738 individu yang tergolong dalam tujuh ordo, dengan Hymenoptera dan Coleoptera sebagai kelompok dominan. Keanekaragaman serangga pada hutan sekunder (H’ = 2,31) lebih tinggi dibandingkan lahan pertanian (H’ = 1,97), sedangkan indeks kemiripan komunitas sebesar 0,56 menunjukkan tingkat kesamaan sedang. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa struktur vegetasi dan aktivitas manusia memengaruhi komunitas serangga, serta menegaskan pentingnya hutan sekunder dalam mendukung konservasi serangga fungsional dan keberlanjutan agroekosistem.

Respon Tanaman Padi Hitam Cempo Ireng Aplikasi Pupuk Organik pada Fase Generatif Jumaria Nasution; Surya Handayani; Meiliana Friska; Siti Hardianti Wahyuni
JUSTER : Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): JUSTER: Jurnal Sains dan Terapan
Publisher : Jompa Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57218/juster.v5i2.2849

Cempo Ireng merupakan varietas padi hitam lokal unggulan yang kaya akan antosianin dan antioksidan, namun sering terkendala oleh rendahnya prouksi serta siklus hidup yang panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas berbagai dosis pupuk organik dalam meningkatkan respon fase generatif pada padi Cempo Ireng pada. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Pintupadang dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri atas empat taraf perlakuan: K0 (kontrol), K1 (100 g), K2 (200 g), dan K3 (300 g) per tanaman perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan. Parameter yang diukur meliputi umur berbunga, panjang malai, dan berat gabah 100 butir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk organik berpengaruh nyata terhadap seluruh Pmempercepat fase generatif hasil tanaman perlakuan K3 300 g tanaman memberikan respons terbaik pada umur berbunga, umur panen, panjang malai, dan berat gabah 100 butir dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pupuk organik berpotensi meningkatkan efisiensi pemanfaatan hara dan mendukung pertumbuhan dan fase generative pada padi hitam cempo ireng lebih optimal. Oleh karena itu, aplikasi pupuk organik dapat direkomendasikan sebagai salah satu strategi budidaya untuk meningkatkan produksi padi hitam Cempo Ireng secara berkelanjutan.

Effectiveness of Organic Fertilizers Inoculated with Trichoderma Viride in Reducing Corm Damage Caused by Fusarium Wilt in Banana (Musa spp.) Siti Hardianti Wahyuni; Meiliana Friska; Surya Handayani; Jumaria Nasution
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 11, No 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.122170

Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), is one of the most destructive soil-borne diseases affecting banana production worldwide. Sustainable management of this disease requires environmentally friendly approaches that can suppress pathogen activity while improving soil biological properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different organic fertilizers inoculated with Trichoderma viride in delaying disease development and reducing corm damage caused by Foc in banana plants. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with eight treatments: untreated control, chicken manure, chicken manure + T. viride, cattle manure, cattle manure + T. viride, rice straw, rice straw + T. viride, and a combination of chicken manure, cattle manure, and rice straw + T. viride. Each treatment was replicated four times. The main variables observed were incubation period and corm damage intensity following Foc inoculation. The results showed that the application of organic fertilizers inoculated with T. viride significantly (P < 0.05) prolonged the incubation period and reduced corm damage intensity compared to the untreated control and treatments receiving organic fertilizers without T. viride. The combined application of chicken manure, cattle manure, and rice straw enriched with T. viride provided the greatest disease suppression, resulting in the longest incubation period (30.00 days after inoculation) and the lowest corm damage intensity (18.70%). In contrast, untreated plants exhibited the shortest incubation period (12.50 days) and the highest corm damage intensity (86.00%). A strong negative relationship between incubation period and corm damage intensity indicated that delayed symptom development was closely associated with reduced disease severity. These findings suggest that combining diverse organic amendments with T. viride can enhance biological suppression of Foc, reduce disease development, and improve the potential sustainability of banana production. Therefore, this integrated approach represents a promising environmentally friendly strategy for managing Fusarium wilt in banana cultivation.

Classification of Salak Sidempuan Productivity Using Machine Learning Based on Soil Fertility and Rainfall Data in North Sumatra, Indonesia Surya Handayani; Siti Hardianti Wahyuni; Meiliana Friska; Jumaria Nasution
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 11, No 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.122182

Land productivity assessment is important for understanding variation in Salak Sidempuan production under different soil and climatic conditions. This study aimed to classify Salak Sidempuan productivty using soil fertility and annual rainfall data and to compare the performance of five machine learning algorithms. Data from 500 Salak Sidempuan tree observations were collected from Marancar, West Angkola, and South Angkola, South Tapanuli, Indonesia. The predictor variables consisted of soil pH, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and annual rainfall, while productivity was divided into low, moderate, and high classes. Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, XGBoost, and LightGBM were optimized using 5-fold cross-validation on the training dataset and evaluated using an independent testing dataset. Among the evaluated models, Random Forest achieved the highest performance, with an accuracy of 66.40%, precision of 67.01%, recall of 66.47%, and F1-score of 66.46%. Feature importance analysis showed that annual rainfall had the highest relative contribution (24.8%), followed by C-organic (22.1%) and nitrogen (17.6%), while potassium, phosphorus, and soil pH contributed 13.9%, 11.8%, and 9.8%, respectively. These findings indicate that soil fertility and rainfall variables provide useful information for distinguishing Salak Sidempuan productivity classes. However, the moderate classification performance indicates that the selected variables do not fully explain productivity variation. The results therefore provide an initial data-driven assessment of Salak Sidempuan productivity based on the environmental variables included in the study.

Effectiveness of Organic Fertilizers Inoculated with Trichoderma Viride in Reducing Corm Damage Caused by Fusarium Wilt in Banana (Musa spp.) Siti Hardianti Wahyuni; Meiliana Friska; Surya Handayani; Jumaria Nasution
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 11, No 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.122170

Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), is one of the most destructive soil-borne diseases affecting banana production worldwide. Sustainable management of this disease requires environmentally friendly approaches that can suppress pathogen activity while improving soil biological properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different organic fertilizers inoculated with Trichoderma viride in delaying disease development and reducing corm damage caused by Foc in banana plants. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with eight treatments: untreated control, chicken manure, chicken manure + T. viride, cattle manure, cattle manure + T. viride, rice straw, rice straw + T. viride, and a combination of chicken manure, cattle manure, and rice straw + T. viride. Each treatment was replicated four times. The main variables observed were incubation period and corm damage intensity following Foc inoculation. The results showed that the application of organic fertilizers inoculated with T. viride significantly (P < 0.05) prolonged the incubation period and reduced corm damage intensity compared to the untreated control and treatments receiving organic fertilizers without T. viride. The combined application of chicken manure, cattle manure, and rice straw enriched with T. viride provided the greatest disease suppression, resulting in the longest incubation period (30.00 days after inoculation) and the lowest corm damage intensity (18.70%). In contrast, untreated plants exhibited the shortest incubation period (12.50 days) and the highest corm damage intensity (86.00%). A strong negative relationship between incubation period and corm damage intensity indicated that delayed symptom development was closely associated with reduced disease severity. These findings suggest that combining diverse organic amendments with T. viride can enhance biological suppression of Foc, reduce disease development, and improve the potential sustainability of banana production. Therefore, this integrated approach represents a promising environmentally friendly strategy for managing Fusarium wilt in banana cultivation.

Classification of Salak Sidempuan Productivity Using Machine Learning Based on Soil Fertility and Rainfall Data in North Sumatra, Indonesia Surya Handayani; Siti Hardianti Wahyuni; Meiliana Friska; Jumaria Nasution
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 11, No 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.122182

Land productivity assessment is important for understanding variation in Salak Sidempuan production under different soil and climatic conditions. This study aimed to classify Salak Sidempuan productivty using soil fertility and annual rainfall data and to compare the performance of five machine learning algorithms. Data from 500 Salak Sidempuan tree observations were collected from Marancar, West Angkola, and South Angkola, South Tapanuli, Indonesia. The predictor variables consisted of soil pH, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and annual rainfall, while productivity was divided into low, moderate, and high classes. Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, XGBoost, and LightGBM were optimized using 5-fold cross-validation on the training dataset and evaluated using an independent testing dataset. Among the evaluated models, Random Forest achieved the highest performance, with an accuracy of 66.40%, precision of 67.01%, recall of 66.47%, and F1-score of 66.46%. Feature importance analysis showed that annual rainfall had the highest relative contribution (24.8%), followed by C-organic (22.1%) and nitrogen (17.6%), while potassium, phosphorus, and soil pH contributed 13.9%, 11.8%, and 9.8%, respectively. These findings indicate that soil fertility and rainfall variables provide useful information for distinguishing Salak Sidempuan productivity classes. However, the moderate classification performance indicates that the selected variables do not fully explain productivity variation. The results therefore provide an initial data-driven assessment of Salak Sidempuan productivity based on the environmental variables included in the study.

Transpiration and Stomatal Conductance of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Along an Altitudinal Gradient Jumaria Nasution; Meiliana Friska; Surya Handayani; Siti Hardianti Wahyuni
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 11, No 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.122271

Altitude-associated changes in microclimate may influence leaf gas exchange and water relations in rice. This study evaluated transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Inpari Sembilan) along an altitudinal gradient in South Tapanuli Regency and Padangsidimpuan City, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Measurements were conducted at six locations ranging from 316 to 647 m above sea level, with 20 plants sampled at each location. Microclimatic variables, including air and leaf temperatures, relative humidity, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and leaf-to-air vapor pressure deficit (VPD), together with transpiration rate (E) and stomatal conductance (gs), were measured on fully expanded flag leaves using a portable photosynthesis system. Transpiration rate and stomatal conductance showed a non-linear pattern along the elevation gradient, with the highest values observed at intermediate elevations. The highest E (0.886 mmol H₂O m⁻² s⁻¹) and gs (0.055 mol m⁻² s⁻¹) were recorded at Sibong-bong (393 m asl), whereas lower values occurred at both lower and higher elevations. Mean VPD decreased from 2.37 kPa at 316 m to 1.45 kPa at 647 m asl. Quadratic regression indicated a relatively weak relationship between elevation and transpiration rate (R² = 0.218), suggesting that elevation alone explained only a limited proportion of the observed variation. Overall, rice leaf gas exchange varied considerably along the altitudinal gradient, with intermediate-elevation sites showing more favorable conditions for transpiration and stomatal conductance. These findings indicate that local microclimatic factors, particularly temperature, humidity, radiation, and VPD, should be considered together with elevation when evaluating physiological responses of rice across different agroecological environments.

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