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Pengaruh Jenis Pelarut dan Ukuran Partikel pada Ekstraksi Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) menggunakan Metode Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) terhadap Karakteristik Ekstrak Luh Putu Ayu Sumantining; G.P. Ganda Putra; Lutfi Suhendra
JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI Vol 10 No 1 (2022): Maret
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (295.667 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JRMA.2022.v10.i01.p12

Abstract

This research was conducted to determine the effect of the type of solvent and particle size on the extraction of cocoa pods using the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method on the characteristics of the extract as a source of antioxidants and to determine the type of solvent and particle size in the extraction of cocoa pods using Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) precise in obtaining the highest antioxidant capacity extract. The experimental design used in this study was a factorial randomized block design which was grouped into 2 groups based on the implementation time and consisted of two factors. The first factor is the type of solvent which consists of 3 levels, namely methanol, ethanol and acetone. The second factor is particle size which consists of 3 levels, namely 40 mesh, 60 mesh and 80 mesh. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance and continued with Tukey test. The results showed that the type of solvent and particle size had a very significant effect on the yield, total phenolic, total flavonoid and antioxidant capacity. The interaction between treatments had a very significant effect on total flavonoids and antioxidant capacity, and had a significant effect on total phenolics, but had no significant effect on the yield of cocoa pod peel powder extract. The best treatment to produce cocoa pod peel extract on extraction using MAE was ethanol solvent and particle size 80 mesh with yield characteristics of 12.23±0.61% total phenolic 148.84±0.10 mg GAE/g extract, total flavonoids of 94.16±0.23 mgQE/g extract, and antioxidant capacity of 133.30±0.49 mg GAEAC/g extract. Keywords : Solvent type, particle size, antioxidants, cocoa pod husk
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN RAGI TAPE DAN WAKTU FERMENTASI TERHADAP KARAKTERITIK PULPA BIJI KAKAO Gede Agus Ariefta; Gusti Putu Ganda Putra; A.A.M. Dewi Anggreni
JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI Vol 4 No 2 (2016): Juni
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (446.635 KB)

Abstract

urpose of this study were 1). assessing the effect of tape inoculum addition and fermentation time on the characteristics of the cacao bean pulp, 2). determine the treatment could provide an indicator in the best process of destruction of cacao bean pulp. This study used randomized block design (RAK) with two factor. The first factor was the concentration of tape inoculum addition that consists of 5 levels ie 0% (no control), 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%. The second factor was the time of fermentation which consists of 5 levels namely 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days and 5 days. The experiments were grouped into 2 groups based on the time of implementation, in order to obtain 50 units experiment. The result showed that the treatment of tape inoculum addition had very significant effect on pH, total acid, pectin content and reducing sugar of cocoa bean pulp. The treatment of fermentation time had very significant effect on pH and reducing sugar of cocoa bean pulp, but did not affect on the total acid,and pectin content. Interaction of the treatmens had no effect on pH, total acid, pectin content, reducing sugar of cocoa bean pulp. The treatment of 2% tape inoculum addition and 4 days fermentation was the best treatment to destroy pulp during cacao bean pulp fermentation with the best characteristics was 2.10% pectin content, reducing sugar of 0.70%, total acid of 0.50 meq NaOH / g, and pH of 3.90. Keywords:cacao, fermentation, tape inoculum.
Karakteristik Ekstrak Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) sebagai Sumber Antioksidan pada Perlakuan Ukuran Partikel dan Waktu Maserasi I Putu Lingsan Pratyaksa; G.P. Ganda Putra; Lutfi Suhendra
JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI Vol 8 No 1 (2020): Maret
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (193.934 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JRMA.2020.v08.i01.p14

Abstract

Cocoa pod husk has not been used optimally by farmers, most of cocoa pod husk will discarded around the cacao tree or collected in one hole and then piled with soil. Cocoa pod husk waste can be used optimally by extracting polyphenol compounds which are used as natural antioxidant ingredients. This research aimed to determine the effect of particle size and maceration time on cocoa pod husk extract as a source of antioxidant and determine the best particle size and maceration time to produce cocoa pod husk extract as a source of antioxidants. This research used factorial randomized block design with two factors. Factor 1 is a particle size consisting of 40, 60, and 80 mesh. Factor 2 is maceration time consisting of 24, 36, and 48 hours. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance and then it will be proceed with tukey test. The results showed that particle size and maceration time affected yield, total phenolic and antioxidant capacity of cocoa pod husk extract, while the interaction was affected on total phenolic and antioxidant capacity but had no effect on yield of cocoa pod husk extract. The best treatment to produce cocoa pod husk extract as a source of antioxidants 80 mesh particle size and maceration time for 48 hours, with a yield value of 5.22 ± 0.05 percent, a total phenolic of 148.09 ± 0.00 mg GAE / g and antioxidant capacity of 118.71 ± 0.13 mg GAEAC / g. Keywords: cocoa pod husk, extraction, antioxidants, particle size, maceration time
OPTIMASI KONSENTRASI SUBSTRAT KULIT SINGKONG (Manihot esculenta CRANTZ.) DAN LAMA FERMENTASI TERHADAP AKTIVITAS FILTER PAPERASE DARI KAPANG Trichoderma viride FNCC 6013 I Gst. Ayu Ananda Dama Sastri; A.A.Made Dewi Anggreni; G.Putu Ganda Putra
JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI Vol 3 No 1 (2015): Maret
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University

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Abstract

The aims of this study was to determine the optimum substrate concentration of cassava peel and fermentation time on crude cellulase activity from Trichoderma viride FNCC 6013. Optimization on crude cellulase activity from Trichoderma viride were calculated using the response surface method. Central Composite Design was used to study the effect of optimum substrate concentration of cassava peel and fermentation time on maximum crude cellulase activity (filter paperase). The results showed that 3.14% substrate concentration of cassava peel and 7.26 days fermentation produces maximum crude cellulase activity (filter paperase), amounting to 0.099 Units/mL.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Substrat Tepung Limbah Brem dan Lama Fermentasi Terhadap Produksi Kalsium Sitrat dengan Menggunakan Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404. Gusti Putu Agus Darmataba; Nyoman Semadi Antara; G.P. Ganda Putra
JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI Vol 5 No 1 (2017): Maret
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University

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Abstract

Dregs brem is a waste of manufacture brem, from basic materials are made to be brem, only about 75% has managed to become brem while the remaining 25% to waste, brem waste still contains 10% sugar and starch by 12%. This research was done to determine the effects of substrate concentration and fermentation time on the production of calcium citrate from waste brem by using Aspergillus niger. The research was experimental research, using a randomized block design factorial design, consisting of two factors. The first factor is the substrate concentration (25%, 30% and 35%), the second factor was the fermentation time (3, 5, and 7 days). The results showed that the concentrations of substrate and fermentation time very significant effect on the level of calcium citrate, total soluble solids and acidity (pH). The interaction of both treatment effect was not significant on the level of calcium citrate, total soluble solids and acidity (pH) fermented flour waste brem using Aspergillus niger. The average value is highest Ca-citrate in the treatment of substrate concentration of 30% amounting to 4.38 g/L and fermentation time 5 days amounted to 4.76 g/L. [Keywords]: Aspergillus niger, flour waste Brem, substrate concentration, time of fermentation, calcium citrate
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH CAIRAN PULPA HASIL SAMPING FERMENTASI BIJI KAKAO SEBAGAI BAHAN DASAR ASAM ASETAT DENGAN PROSES DISTILASI Anak Agung Sagung Mirah Mahadewi; G.Putu Ganda Putra; Ni Luh Putu Wrasiati
JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI Vol 2 No 2 (2014): September
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University

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Abstract

This study aims (1) to determine the effect of ratio between material and water solvent, and distillation time on the characteristics of acetic acid produced from the pulp liquid waste by product of fermented cocoa beans, and (2) to determine the ratio between material and water solvent, and distillation time which produces the most potential distillate that can be used as a basic ingredient to produce the best acetic acid. The experiments in this study were using a randomized block factorial design (RBFD) with 2 factors. The first factor was the ratio of material and water solvent (A) which consists of three levels, i.e. 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and the second factor was the distillation time (B) which consists of three levels, i.e. 10, 20, 30 minutes. Research was carried out 2 times, therefore it was found 9 treatment combinations that were grouped into 18 experimental units. The treatment of ratio between material and water solvent affects the percentage yield of distillate, pH, total acid and acetic acid. The treatment of distillation time affects the percentage yield of distillate, pH, total acid and acetic acid. The interaction treatment A and B significantly affects the percentage yield of distillate, but it does not affect pH, total acid and acetic acid. The ratio between material and water solvent (1:1) with distillation time of 30 minutes is able to produce the most potential distillate that can be used as a basic ingredient to produce the highest percentage of distillate yield of 69.50%, pH 2.95, total acid 0.04 meq NaOH/g, and 0.22% acetic acid.
KARAKTERISTIK ENKAPSULAT PEWARNA FUNGSIONAL DARI EKSTRAK SELADA LAUT (Ulva lactuca L) PADA PERLAKUAN PERBANDINGAN GELATIN DAN MALTODEKSTRIN I Wayan Eko Fridayana; Luh Putu Wrasiati; G.P Ganda Putra
JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI Vol 6 No 4 (2018): Desember
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (254.531 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JRMA.2018.v06.i04.p08

Abstract

Sea lettuce can be used as a functional green dye because it contains chlorophyll. Chlorophyll compounds as green coloring are obtained by extraction and stored in the form of encapsulation powder. This study has two purpose, there are to knowing the effect of the gelatin-maltodextrin encapsulant ratio on the encapsulates charagcteristics of sea lettuce functional coloring extract and determine the encapsulates comparison treatment of the best gelatin-maltodextrins in producing the characteritic encapsulates extract of sea lettuce functional coloring. Experiments in this study using a Randomized Single Factor Group with treatment ratio of gelatin and maltodextrin consisting of 9 levels, namely (1:0), (1:1), (1:1,5), (1:2), (1:2,5), (1:3), (1:3,5), (1:4), and (0:1). The results showed that the ratio of gelatin-maltodextrin was highly significant (P<0.01) on yield, total chlorophyll content, solubility, brightness level, significantly (P<0.05) on the level of redness (a*), yellowish level (b*) and no effect (P>0.05) on water content. The treatment of gelatin-maltodextrin 1:2,5 ratio is the best treatment to produce encapsulate sea lettuce extract with yield of 10.38%, water content of 8.61%, total chlorophyll content of 20.59 ppm, solubility of 0.80%, brightness level (L*) 45.21, redness level (a*) 1.68 and yellowish level (b*) 13.88. Keywords :Sea lettuce extract, gelatin, maltodextrin, encapsulation.
Pengaruh Penambahan Ragi Tape dan Waktu Fermentasi Hasil Samping Cairan Pulpa terhadap Karakteristik Mutu Cuka Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Ida Bagus Gede Awidyanata; G.P Ganda Putra; Luh Putu Wrasiati
JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI Vol 8 No 2 (2020): Juni
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (232.719 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JRMA.2020.v08.i02.p03

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of adding ragi tape and the time of natural fermentation of the pulp byproducts of the fermented cocoa beans on the characteristics of the quality of cocoa vinegar and determining the addition of tape yeast and the natural fermentation time of the best pulp fluid for cocoa vinegar production. The experiments in this study used a randomized block design with two factors. The first factor is the addition of yeast tape consisting of 5 levels, namely without the addition of yeast tape (control), the addition of yeast tape 0.05% (w / v), 0.10% (w / v), 0.15% (w / v), 0.20% (w / v), the second factor is the fermentation time consisting of 6 levels, namely 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 days. Treatment The addition of tape yeast has a very significant effect on acetic acid, pH, total dissolved solids, total sugar, has no significant effect on alcohol content in the fermented vinegar from the pulp fluid which is the by-product of cocoa bean fermentation. The length of fermentation treatment has a very significant effect on acetic acid, pH, total dissolved solids, total sugar, alcohol. The interaction between the two treatments had no significant effect on acetic acid, pH, total dissolved solids, alcohol content, and significant effect on total sugar in fermented cocoa vinegar products. The best treatment was obtained from the addition of 0.15% (w / v) yeast tape and 30 days fermentation time which produced cacao vinegar with acetic acid content of 2.40%, pH 3.37, total dissolved solids 4.25 obrix, total sugar 0.03%, and 0.00% alcohol. Keywords : vinegar fermentasion, ragi tape, time of fermentation
PENGARUH SUHU PEMANASAN DAN KONSENTRASI CARBOPOL TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK SABUN CAIR CUCI TANGAN Ni Wayan Titin Kartika Sari; G. P. Ganda Putra; Luh Putu Wrasiati
JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI Vol 7 No 3 (2019): September
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (258 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JRMA.2019.v07.i03.p10

Abstract

Liquid soap is a liquid skin cleansing preparation made from basic ingredients of soap (potassium compounds with fatty acids from vegetable or animal oils). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of heating temperature and carbopol concentration on the characteristics of hand washing liquid soap, as well as to determine the heating temperature and the best concentration of carbopol to produce hand washing liquid soap. This study used a factorial randomized block design with a 2-factor trial. The first factor is the heating temperature which consists of 3 levels are : 70?C, 80?C, 90?C. The second factor is the concentration of carbopol which consists of 3 levels are: 1%, 2%, 3%. The results showed that the heating temperature, carbopol concentration and interaction between the two treatments had a very significant effect on viscosity. Comparison of heating temperature has a very significant effect, but the concentration of carbopol and interaction between treatments has no significant effect on specific gravity and stability of foam. The ratio of carbopol concentration has a very significant effect, heating temperature has a significant effect but the interaction between the two treatments has no significant effect on the foam height. The treatment of heating temperature, carbopol concentration and interaction between treatments had no significant effect on water holding capacity, pH, free alkali and overall reception. The best treatment was obtained from the treatment of 80?C heating temperature with 1% carbopol concentration. Keywords: Heating temperature, carbopol concentration, saponification, liquid soap.
PENGARUH SUHU DAN WAKTU MASERASI TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) Dimas Anggi Ananta; G.P. Ganda Putra; I Wayan Arnata
JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI Vol 9 No 2 (2021): Juni
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (594.678 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JRMA.2021.v09.i02.p04

Abstract

Cocoa pod husk is a by-product of cocoa processing which is quite abundant and has not been used optimally. Cacao pod husk can be used more optimally by extracting, its content of polyphenol compounds which can be used as natural antioxidants. The aim of this study were to determine the effect of temperature and maceration time of cocoa pod husk extract as a source of antioxidants and to determine the best type of temperature and maceration time to produce cocoa pod husk extract as a source of antioxidants. This experiment was designed by using factorial randomized block design. The first factor was type of maceration temperature consisting of 30±2°C, 45±2°C and 60±2°C. The second factor was maceration time, which were done for 24, 36 and 48 h. The data were analyzed with analysis of variance and continued with the Tukey test. The results showed that the temperature and time of maceration had a very significant effect on yield, total phenolic and antioxidant capacity of cocoa pod husk extract. Interactions between treatments had a very significant effect on total phenolic and antioxidant capacity but did not significantly affect the yield of cocoa pod husk extract. The best treatment for producing cocoa pod husk extract as a source of antioxidants was using maceration temperature 60±2°C and maceration time for 36 h with yield characteristics 5,28±0,15%, total phenolic at 168.16±0,06 mg GAE/g and capacity antioxidant 130.94±0.84 mg GAEAC/g. Keywords: Cocoa pod husk, extraction, temperature, time, antioxidants.
Co-Authors A. Harijono Anak Agung Made Dewi Anggreni Anak Agung Putu Agung Suryawan Wiranatha Anak Agung Sagung Inten Mahasari Putri Anak Agung Sagung Mirah Mahadewi Anggreni, Ni Made Dian Antonius Solo Aulanni'am, Aulanni'am Bambang Kartika DEWA AYU ANOM YUARINI Diana Puspitaningtyas Dimas Anggi Ananta Enjelitha Girsang Esra Palenta Sinaga Gede Agus Ariefta Gek Ulan Sukma Gusti Ayu Kadek Diah Puspawati Gusti Putu Agus Darmataba I Dewa Putu Rega Elyana I Gede Krisna Putra Pratama I Gede Oka Harta Adinata I Gede Rusli Supariatna I Gst. Ayu Ananda Dama Sastri I Gusti Ayu Agung Putri Utami I Gusti Ayu Ekawati I Gusti Ayu Krisna Dewi I Gusti Ayu Lani Triani I Gusti Ayu Meia Dewi I Kadek Aditya Wirajaya I Kadek Widhiana Putra I Ketut Dio Prasetya I Made Anom Sutrisna Wijaya I Made Kartana I Made Mas Oka Hendrawan I Nengah Kencana Putra I Putu Lingsan Pratyaksa I Putu Suparthana I Wayan Adi Wagestu I Wayan Arnata I Wayan Eko Fridayana I Wayan Ferry Artha Yoga I Wayan Gde Angga Prasetya I.W.G.S. Yoga Ida Bagus Gede Awidyanata Ida Bagus Wayan Gunam Kadek Mei Ahadianti Komang Aris Bintang Permana Lianatus Sholeha Livia Pratiwi Luh Putu Ayu Sumantining Luh Putu Trisna Darmayanti Luh Putu Wrasiati Lutfi Suhendra Misbach Baihaqi Zen Ni Kadek Wiji Astuti Ni Kadek Yeni Dwipayanti Ni Made Mega Suasti Rahayu Ni Made Ria Oka Ni Made Wartini Ni Nyoman Desi Trisna Dewi Ni Putu Suwariani Ni Wayan Sukmayanti Ni Wayan Titin Kartika Sari NiMade Wartini Novi Dwiningrum NYOMAN SEMADI ANTARA Praycelia Marissa Miranda Putu Agung Sujud Rama Krishna Putu Agus Nadiarta Putu Ayu Sucitawati Putu Mutia Septiyaningsih Putu Timur Ina Putu Widya Sena Repika Sepitri Br Barus Reren Rahmadhani Sadyasmara, Cokorda Anom Bayu Sri Kumalaningsih Sri Mulyani Sutardi Sutardi Tia Larasati Tri Susanto W. Angga Pranayasa Yudisthira Dharma Bhusana Dasa