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DELIGNIFIKASI AMPAS TEBU DENGAN LARUTAN NATRIUM HIDROKSIDA SEBELUM PROSES SAKARAIFIKASI SECARA ENZIMATIS MENGGUNAKAN ENZIM SELULASE KASAR DARI ASPERGILLUS NIGER FNU 6018 Gunam, Ida Bagus Wayan; Wartini, Ni Made; Dewi Anggreni, Anak Agung Made; Suparyana, Pande Made
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 34 (2011)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (16.048 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v34iKhusus.36

Abstract

Cellulose, the most abundant renewable resource, has received much attention as potential energy and carbon source for the production of useful products such as glucose, ethanol and fuels. The possibility of converting cellulose in bagasse enzymatically into glucose, after being loosened its complex structure chemically into primary one by using sodium hydroxide was studied. Bagasse was soaked in 6% sodium hydroxide for 12 hours at room temperature. This treatment resulted in loosening some cellulose bundle structure shown by release of lignin and hemicelluloses up to 32.11 and 42.87%, respectively and high water retention value of 15.90 (w/w). In this condition the delignifi ed bagasse could be saccharifi ed by crude cellulase enzym from Aspergillus niger. Saccharifi cation enzimatically of 2 g delignifi ed bagasse at 50oC pH 4,8 during 120 hours produced reducing sugar of 54.47 mg/100 ml.
PENGARUH JENIS DAN JUMLAH PENAMBAHAN GULA PADA KARAKTERISTIK WINE SALAK Wayan Gunam, Ida Bagus; Wrasiati, Luh Putu; Setioko, Wito
Agrotekno Vol. 15, No. 1 Februari 2009
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

The research was aimed to determine the effect of typeand concentration of sugar on the characteristics of producedsalacca wine and to determine the type and concentration ofsugar yielding salacca wines with the best characteristics andpreferred by panelists. Sensory test results showed that themost preferred salaca wine characteristics by panelists wasthose which produced with addition of 25% sucrose sugar(w/v), and the produced wine contained 14.81% of ethanol,2.66% of total sugar, 0.21% of total acid, pH 3.67, 10.5°Brixof total soluble solids, and methanol content was notdetected.
Pemanfaatan Tepung Rumput Laut Gracilaria sp. pada Tempe sebagai Alternatif Pangan Sumber Yodium Monikasari, Ni Nyoman Trisa; Wayan Gunam, Ida Bagus; Wisaniyasa, Ni Wayan
Jurnal Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 16, No 1 (2021): Juni 2021
Publisher : Balai Besar Riset Pengolahan Produk dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jpbkp.v16i1.689

Abstract

Tempe merupakan produk pangan bergizi tinggi yang digemari dan diterima oleh masyarakat luas, tetapi umumnya memiliki kadar yodium yang rendah. Rumput laut yang kandungan yodiumnya cukup tinggi dapat digunakan sebagai bahan fortifikasi yodium pada makanan. Penambahan rumput laut pada tempe diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif pangan sumber yodium untuk menanggulangi masalah GAKY (Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Yodium). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung rumput laut Gracilaria sp. terhadap kadar yodium pada tempe serta mengetahui karakteristik yang dihasilkan. Perlakuan yang dilakukan adalah perbandingan kedelai dan tepung rumput laut 100:0; 97,5:2,5; 95:5; 92,5:7,5; dan 90:10. Perbandingan kedelai dan tepung rumput laut 92,5:7,5 merupakan komposisi terbaik yang menghasilkan tempe dengan kadar yodium 0,26 mg/g; nilai sensoris hedonik rata-rata 5 (agak suka), serta 100 gram tempe tersebut memenuhi 17,47% angka kecukupan gizi (AKG) yodium orang dewasa per hari. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa tempe tersebut dapat digolongkan sebagai pangan sumber yodium karena telah memenuhi 15% AKG orang dewasa.ABSTRACTTempeh is a highly nutritious food that is popular and accepted by diverse community groups, but has low iodine levels. Seaweed, with a high iodine content can be used as a fortification ingredient to increase the iodine levels of the foods. The addition of seaweed in tempeh is expected to be used as an alternative food source of iodine contents to overcome the IDD (Iodine Deficiency Disorders) problem. This study aimed to determine the effect of the addition of Gracilaria sp. seaweed flour to iodine levels in tempeh and to determine the characteristic of the product. The treatments were 5 (five) compositions of soybean and seaweed flour at ratio of (100:0), (97.5:2.5), (95:5), (92.5:7.5), and (90:10). The composition of soybean and seaweed flour at ratio of 92.5:7.5 was the best composition that produces tempeh with an iodine content of 0.26 mg/g; hedonic sensory test results on average 5 (somewhat like) and 100 g of tempeh met 17.47% of the daily iodine requirements for the adults. This study showed that tempeh can be considered as an alternative food source of iodine content as it contributed to 15% of adult’s daily nutritional adequacy.
Biodesulfurization of the mixture of dibenzothiophene and its alkylated derivatives by Sphingomonas subarctica T7b Ida Bagus Wayan Gunam; Teruo Sone; Kozo Asano
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 26, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.62584

Abstract

Organosulfur compounds classified as dibenzothiophenes (DBTs) and their derivatives are contained in petroleum. When used as fuel, these substances release SOx emissions, thus contributing to air pollution, acid rain, and climate change. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the content of these organic sulfur compounds in fuels and one way to achieve this is through bacterial desulfurization. This study reports the biodesulfurization process of a mixture of DBT, 4-hexyl DBT, 4,6-dibutyl DBT, and various organosulfur compounds in light gas oil (LGO). The experiment was conducted by treating 1 mL of aromatic organosulfur compounds with 100 mg/L in \textit{n}-tetradecane or 1 mL LGO with 5 mL mineral salts in sulfur-free medium, incubated at 27 °C for 5 days with shaking at 273 rpm. Gas chromatography analyses revealed that the growing Sphingomonas subarctica T7b cells desulfurized and converted 88.29% of DBT to 2-hydroxybiphenyl as a metabolite while a mixture of DBT and 4,6-dibutyl DBT was desulfurized at 86.40\% and 7.00%, respectively. Furthermore, the mixture of DBT, 4-hexyl DBT, and 4,6-dibutyl DBT had a desulfurization percentage of 84.40%, 41.00%, and 6.66%, respectively, after five days of incubation. The compounds were observed to desulfurize slightly better as single compounds compared to when mixed with other aromatic sulfur compounds.
PEMANFAATAN SAMPAH ORGANIK MENJADI PUPUK KOMPOS DENGAN BANTUAN MIKROORGANISME DI DESA SIBETAN KARANGASEM WAYAN GUNAM; I.B., L.P. WRASIATI; I MD. MAHAPUTRA WIJAYA; IW. ARNATA; I W.G. SEDANA YOGA
Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Vol 7 No 2 (2008): Volume 7 No.2 – September 2008
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Sibetan village which located in Karangasem Regency eastern of Bali is well known for its zallaca farming, that produces high quality and original taste of zallaca fruits. Zallaca,s post harvest process in farmer’s and distributor’s level produces enough quantity of organic waste. This waste currently is become a pollutant to their neighborhood and their soil. Even tough the majority of the waste is organic, it still became a disturbance because of its large volume. Hence, a special method or treatment is needed to solve this problem. Composting this organic waste through the helps of micro-organisms is became the selected method because this process is able to decreases the volume of the organic waste, and also the fermented waste is useful as an organic fertilizer. The fermented waste add a value to the zallaca’s farmer in order to decrease the dependency to artificial fertilizer, and helps increase the income of the zallaca’s farmer with the decrease allocations of farming expenses to bought an artificial fertilizer.
Rebung Bambu Tabah (Gigantochloa Nigrociliata) Berpotensi Sebagai Bahan Afrodisiak pada Mencit Jantan (POTENTIAL APHRODISIAC ACTIVITY OF TABAH BAMBOO SHOOTS (GIGANTOCHLOA NIGROCILIATA) IN MALE MOUSE) Anak Agung Sagung Alit Sukmaningsih; Ida Bagus Wayan Gunam; Nyoman Semadi Antara; Pande Ketut Diah Kencana; I Wayan Widia
Jurnal Veteriner Vol 18 No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University and Published in collaboration with the Indonesia Veterinarian Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (167.876 KB) | DOI: 10.19087/jveteriner.2017.18.3.393

Abstract

This study was conducted to observe the potential aphrodisiac activity of Gigantochloa nigrociliata in male mouse Mus musculus. The twenty four male mice, aged 12 weeks were divided randomly into four groups, each group consisted of 6 mice. One group was used as control (P0) where the mice were treated with aquadest. Three other groups were given treatment. The extracts contained of water (P1), etanol (P2), and n-hexane (P3). The animals in each treatment were treatments given 200 mg/kg bw Gigantochloa nigrociliata of extract orally (gavage) once daily as much as 0,2 mL for 33 days. The observations of sexual behaviour performed every three days during the treatment. Variables observed for the sexual behaviour are both the number and latency of mount and intromission. Mice were anaesthetized after 33 days. Cauda epidydimis were analyzed for motility, number and viability of sperms. The result showed that testosterone serum level increased significantly on etanol extract group (p<0.05). There were significantly increased the mounting number, intromission number with reduction in mounting latency, and intromission latency of male mice (P<0.05). There was significant an increase in the number of (a) sperm motility and number of sperm on etanol extract group (p<0.05). The results of the present study demonstrate that Gigantochloa nigrociliata extract improve sexual behaviour in male mouse. ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai potensi rebung bambu tabah sebagai bahan afrodisiak yang diujikan pada mencit jantan (Mus musculus). Sebanyak 24 mencit dikelompokkan menjadi empat perlakuan dan enam ulangan. Satu kelompok digunakan sebagai kontrol (P0). Tikus pada kelompok kontrol diberikan aquades. Tiga kelompok lainnya diberikan perlakuan ekstrak air bambu tabah (P1), ekstrak etanol bambu tabah (P2), dan ekstrak n-hexane bambu tabah (P3). Setiap hewan pada masing masing perlakuan diberikan ekstrak 200 mg/kg bb (bobot badan) sebanyak 0,2 mL ) secara oral selama 33 hari. Pengamatan perilakukawin berupa mount dan intromission dilakukan setiap 3 hari sekali. Setelah 33 hari hewan dikorbankan untuk dikoleksi epididimis bagian cauda yang digunakan dalam analisis spermatozoa dan pengambilan darah yang digunakan dalam analisis hormon testosteron serum. Hasil analisis dengan menggunakan uji one way Anova menunjukkan adanya perbedaan kadar hormon testosteron serum secara signifikan (p<0,05). Kelompok hewan dengan perlakuan etanol memiliki kadar hormon yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok lain. Kelompok hewan dengan perlakuan heksan memiliki kadar hormon terendah dengan perbedaan yang signifikan dibandingkan dengan kelompok perlakuan lain. Terjadi pula perbedaan motivasi seksual yang diamati pada perilaku kawin berupa mount dan intromission. Perbedaan jumlah dan waktu terjadinya mount dan intromission terjadi secara signifikan di antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol (p<0,05). Peningkatan jumlah mount dan intromission, serta semakin singkatnya waktu untuk mencapai mount dan intromission terjadi secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan kontrol dan diantara kelompok perlakuan (p<0,05). Hasil analisis data juga menunjukkan peningkatan motilitas spermatozoa tipe (a) yakni spermatozoa dengan gerakan yang progresif maju ke depan dan jumlah spermatozoa, terutama pada esktrak etanol rebung secara signifikan. Disimpulkan bahwa rebung bambu berpotensi sebagai bahan afrodisiak karena dapat meningkatkan hormon testosteron yang merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam pengaturan sistem reproduksi serta dapat meningkatkan motivasi seksual yang diuji pada mencit jantan.
PENGARUH PERLAKUAN DELIGNIFIKASI DENGAN LARUTAN NAOH DAN KONSENTRASI SUBSTRAT JERAMI PADI TERHADAP PRODUKSI ENZIM SELULASE DARI ASPERGILLUS NIGER NRRL A-II, 264 IDA BAGUS WAYAN GUNAM; KETUT BUDA; I MADE YOGA SEMARA GUNA
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 14 No 2 (2010): Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

his research was done in order to utilize agricultural waste (rice straw) as substrate to produce crude cellulase enzyme from Aspergillus niger. This research was conducted in two stages; the first stage was determination of the initial pH and fermentation time by pH treatment (5, 6 and 7) and fermentation time (7, 9 and 11 days). The second stage was determination of concentration of NaOH treatment and concentration of substrate, namely: concentrations of NaOH (2, 4 and 6%) and concentrations of substrate (1, 2 and 3% (w/v)). The results showed that the fermentation time of 9 days with the initial pH 6.0 was the optimal condition for production of crude cellulase enzyme from A. niger with rice straw as a substrate. The highest enzyme activity derived from interaction of delignification treatment with NaOH concentration of 6% and 2% rice straw substrate which produces endoglukanase enzyme activity (0.037 units/ml), filter paperase activity (0.033 units/ml), soluble protein (0.362 mg/ml), and specific activity of filter paperase (0.123 units/mg).
PRODUKSI SELULASE KASAR DARI KAPANG TRICHODERMA VIRIDE DENGAN PERLAKUAN KONSENTRASI SUBSTRAT AMPAS TEBU DAN LAMA FERMENTASI IDA BAGUS WAYAN GUNAM; WAYAN REDI ARYANTA; IDA BAGUS N. SURYA DARMA
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 15 No 2 (2011): Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

This research was done in order to utilize bagasse as substrates to produce crude cellulase from Trichoderma viride. This research used a randomized block design with factorial pattern which consisted of two factors. The first factor was the concentration of substrate which consisted of three levels namely, substrate concentration of 1%, 2%, and 3%. The second factor was the fermentation time which consisted of three levels namely, 5, 7, and 9 days. Each treatment classified into two groups based on time of production. The results showed that the concentration of bagasse and fermentation time significantly influenced the parameters observation of crude cellulase production from Trichoderma viride. The optimal treatment combination to produce crude cellulase with maximum activity was the treatment of 3% substrate concentration and fermentation time of 7 days with an average value of cellulase activity (filter paperase), soluble protein, and cellulase specific activity were 0.771 Unit/mL, 0.262 mg/mL, and 2.940 Unit/mg, respectively.
Microbiological And Physicochemical Changes Of Green Coffee (Coffea Arabica) Fermentation In Kintamani, Bangli, Bali Sayi Hatiningsih; Nyoman Semadi Antara; Ida Bagus Wayan Gunam
Media Ilmiah Teknologi Pangan (Scientific Journal of Food Technology) Vol 5 No 2 (2018): Scientific Journal of Food Technology (September)
Publisher : Master Program of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University

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Abstract

The excellent quality of the fermentation process is closely related to microbes involved in the process fermentation. This study aimed to compare the microbiological changes and physicochemical quality of green coffee during 16 hours fermentation. Lactic acid bacteria and yeast were the predominant microorganisms found throughout the fermentation process. The total lactic acid bacteria and yeast reached the highest value of 9.31 log10 CFU/g and 9.10 log10 CFU/g respectively on the coffee bean and 9.30 log10 CFU/g and 9.10 log10 CFU/g respectively on liquid of fermented coffee bean. The quantity of microflora on the coffee bean and liquid of fermented coffee bean increased and reached its maximum value after twelve hours and decreased after exceed its peak, while fungi was no detected during fermentation. Sixteen hours fermentation significantly (P<0.05) influenced the bulk density, moisture content and bean weight/100 beans, bean amount/10 g and cause defect to green coffee such us “broken beans”, “brown beans” and “partly black beans” yet were not significantly affected (P>0.05) bean size and color of the green coffee. Throughout coffee fermentation, the acids on the green coffee increased from 5.33 ± 0.144 to 9.99 ± 0.144% and the caffeine on the green coffee decreased from 3.70 ± 0.017 to 1.66 ± 0.003%. Phenol content on the green coffee and its brews also decreased successively from 1381.58 ± 8.40 to 980.16 ± 10.07 mg GAEs/100 g and 922.25 ± 17.961 to 812.06 ± 12.660 mg GAEs/100 g. While for the antioxidants capacity, green coffee was more stable and its brews increased successively from 11564.28 ± 255.345 to 112 34.428 ± 174.377 mg GAEAC/L and 32326.24 ± 22.744 to 38658.62 ± 180.107 mg GAEAC/L. It can be concluded that coffee fermentation had more a positive effect on microbiological changes and physicochemical quality of green coffee.
Pengaruh Penambahan Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) dan Lama Fermentasi Terhadap Karakteristik Mikrobiologis Urutan (Sosis Bali Terfermentasi) Nyoman Semadi Antara; IdaBagus Wayan Gunam; A.A.Made Dewi Anggreni
Media Ilmiah Teknologi Pangan (Scientific Journal of Food Technology) Vol 2 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Master Program of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University

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Abstract

The aim of the research was to find out the effect of turmeric used in the urutan formulationon the microbiological characteristic of urutan. In production of urutan, two strains of lactic acidbacteria (LAB), Lactobacillus plantarum U201 and Pediococcus acidilactici U318, were used asmultiple starter culture. The results showed that the growth of LAB increased after 24 hfermentation. The addition of 0.5-1.0% turmeric could enhance the growth of LAB. The additionof 1-2% turmeric suppressed the growth of Enterobacteriaceae to undetected level after 48 hfermentation. The growth of Staphylococcus aureus tended to decrease during fermentation, andthese bacteria were not detected on urutan which used turmeric of 1-2% after 96 h fermentation.At the initial of fermentation the growth of micrococci increased, and the bacteria decreasedgradually from 48 h fermentation until the end of fermentation. In general, using turmeric of 1%in urutan formulation could enhance the growth of LAB and suppress the growth of undesirablebacteria, such as the group of Enterobacteriaceae and Staph. aureus.
Co-Authors A.A.S. A. Sukmaningsih Ab Wahabb, Roswanira Abdul Wahab, Roswanira Adekilekun , Habeebulahi Ajibola Adekilekun Oyewusi, Habeebat Adekilekun, Habeebulahi Akinyede, Kolajo Ambar Kusumaningrum Amna Hartiati Anak Agung Made Dewi Anggreni Azis Akbar Hakim Bambang Admadi Harsojuwono Bimby Issassam Damuri, Nur Wahida Deddy Setiadi Kadir Madjid Dwi Ayu Kirani Paramita Dylla Hanggaeni Dyah Puspaningrum Ella Dewi Yusnia ENIEK KRISWIYANTI Erlangga, Muhammad Agung Fitra Ayu Sitanggang G.P. Ganda Putra Gde Agung Bagus Surya Adnyana Gede Bagus Suwarrizki G. P Hamonangan Sipayung Huda , Nurul Huyop, Fahrul I B. K. Widnyana Yoga I Dewa Gde Mayun Permana I Dewa Putu Rega Elyana I Gede Arya Sujana I Gede Krisna Putra Pratama I Gusti Ayu Lani Triani I Gusti Bagus Ananta Wijaya Putra I Gusti Ngurah Agung Paranatha I Kadek Adi Wijaya Putra I Ketut Satriawan I Komang Trikuti I M. Mahaputra Wijaya I Made Mahaputra Wijaya I Made Mahaputra Wijaya I Made Sugitha I Made Supartha Utama I MADE SUPARTHA UTAMA I Made Yoga Saputra I MADE YOGA SEMARA GUNA I Putu Hendra Prasetya I W W Aryanika I W. Wisma P. Putra I W.G. SEDANA YOGA I Wayan Arnata I Wayan Kasa I Wayan Suarta I Wayan Widia I Wayan Wisma Pradnyana Putra I.M.S. Wijaya IDA AYU ASTARINI Ida Bagus Gede Brahmantara IDA BAGUS N. SURYA DARMA Ida Bagus Wisnu Matra Atmaja Izzah Ismail, Norjihada Janurianti , Ni Made Defy Janurianti, Ni Made Defy Ketut Agus Ary Subakti KETUT BUDA KOMANG AYU NOCIANITRI Kozo Asano Luh Putu Wrasiati Lutfi Suhendra Made Ria Defiani Mahaputra Wijaya Michael Jordi Theofanny Mohd Rozdhi, Amira Azawani Mohd Shariff , Amir Husni Monalisa Nababan Monikasari, Ni Nyoman Trisa Muhammad Iqbal N.P.I. Widyantari Nebay Cronika Simbolon Ni Kadek Eni Juniantari Ni Made Ratih Despianti Ni Made Wartini Ni Putu Puspadi Aristyanti Ni Putu Suwariani Ni Wayan Wisaniyasa Noval Wahyu Adi Nursatria Purba Nurul Octavia Wasis NYOMAN SEMADI ANTARA Odilia Keron Oladimeji Tugbobo, Samuel Oladipo, Oluwatosin Oyewusi, Habeebat Adekilekun Pande Ketut Diah Kencana Pande Komang Suparyana Purnami, Ni Gusti Ayu Kade Sintya Ari Putu Agus Nadiarta Putu Setia Budi Rajindran, Nanthini Rendy Sinaga Rike Pratiwi Sadyasmara, Cokorda Anom Bayu Sandhi Wipradnyadewi, Putu Ari Sayi Hatiningsih Shenni Maulina Teguh Pribadi Girsang Teruo Sone Thobie E. B Kaban Tirmizhi Abubakar, Munkaila WAYAN REDI ARYANTA Wito Setioko Yohanes Setiyo Yohannes Eko Putra Simanullang Yudisthira Dharma Bhusana Dasa Zainul Arifin