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PELATIHAN PENGUKURAN TEKANAN DARAH BAGI KADER DAN EDUKASI HIPERTENSI LEWAT OPERA PADA LANSIA DI RUSUN CINTA KASIH JAKARTA BARAT Yosi Marin Marpaung; Mey Lona Verawaty Zendrato
JURNAL PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT Vol 28, No 2 (2022): APRIL-JUNI
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jpkm.v28i2.24909

Kasus hipertensi di Indonesia mencapai 34.1 persen pada tahun 2018 dan sebagian besar muncul pada kelompok lanjut usia. Jakarta menjadi provinsi kelima dengan kasus hipertensi terbesar di Indonesia. Hasil pemeriksaan yang dilakukan oleh tim di Rumah Susun Cinta Kasih Tzu Chi Jakarta Barat menunjukkan estimasi jumlah kasus hipertensi yang tinggi pada kelompok lanjut usia di area tersebut. Hipertensi sebagai penyakit yang sering dijuluki ‘the silent killer’ ini perlu menjadi sorotan. Pencegahan dan pengendalian bagi individu lanjut usia sangat penting untuk mencegah terjadinya penyakit komplikasi yang dapat mengancam nyawa. Oleh sebab itu, tim melakukan kegiatan pengabdian dengan melaksanakan dua kegiatan yang relevan dan menyentuh kelompok kunci dan kelompok rentan di Rumah Susun Cinta Kasih Tzu Chi. Pertama, tim melakukan kegiatan pelatihan pengukuran darah bagi kader rumah susun sebagai kelompok kunci untuk wilayah setempat. Kedua, tim melakukan edukasi lewat opera ‘lima pesan cegah dan kendali hipertensi’ untuk meningkatkan kesadaran kelompok lansia di wilayah setempat sebagai kelompok rentan. Hasil pengabdian masyarakat menunjukkan peningkatan efikasi diri kader untuk melakukan pemeriksaan tekanan darah serta antusiasme dan kesadaran tentang hipertensi yang meningkat pada lansia yang mengikuti opera. Tim merekomendasikan agar pelatihan dan pelibatan kader dalam pemeriksaan tekanan darah rutin di komunitas dapat dilaksanakan secara berkesinambungan. Tim juga menyarankan agar kegiatan edukasi hipertensi pada lansia dapat dirancang secara kreatif, interaktif, dan sesuai dengan perkembangan fisik dan kognitif lansia.Kata kunci: Hipertensi, Pelatihan, Edukasi, Kader, Lansia, Indonesia

Upaya Peningkatan Perilaku Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus pada Dewasa Muda di Wilayah Perkotaan Yosi Marin Marpaung; Veronika Fernanda Dua Hiko
Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) Vol 6, No 3 (2023): Volume 6 No 3 Maret 2023
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jkpm.v6i3.8555

ABSTRAK Peningkatan kasus diabetes melitus yang terjadi tahun demi tahun perlu menjadi perhatian. Hal ini terutama menjadi momok yang semakin mengkhawatirkan di wilayah perkotaan, berkaitan dengan rentannya perilaku hidup tidak sehat. Hasil pengkajian lewat model PRECEDE pada 13 dewasa muda di wilayah Jakarta, Tangerang, dan Bekasi menunjukkan sebagian besar memiliki pengetahuan mengenai diabetes melitus yang kurang, minat berolahraga rendah dan minat mengonsumsi makanan dan minuman tinggi gula yang cukup tinggi. Hal ini menimbulkan kekhawatiran terjadinya diabetes melitus di masa yang akan datang. Pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan faktor predisposisi perilaku berupa pengetahuan dan minat serta dua perilaku penting dalam pencegahan diabetes melitus yakni perilaku olahraga dan konsumsi makanan dan minuman tinggi gula pada sasaran. Metode yang digunakan terdiri dari penyuluhan perorangan, pelatihan, dan insentifisasi. Hasil menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pada faktor predisposisi perilaku maupun perilaku terbuka yang diharapkan, bahkan relatif bertahan sampai dengan satu minggu setelah kegiatan selesai dilakukan. Perubahan perilaku merupakan proses yang kompleks sehingga penggunaan beragam metode diperlukan, sebagaimana tim menemukan bahwa penyuluhan saja tidak cukup mempengaruhi minat menerapkan perilaku. Bertahan tidaknya adopsi perilaku merupakan tantangan selanjutnya. Tim menyarankan agar faktor intrinsik, serta faktor pemungkin dan pendorong perilaku juga dapat disentuh. Kata Kunci: Diabetes Melitus, Insentifisasi, Pelatihan, Penyuluhan Perorangan, Perilaku, Dewasa Muda ABSTRACT The increase of diabetes mellitus cases each year needs to be a concern. This is especially worrying in urban areas, related to unhealthy lifestyle. Assessment through PRECEDE model showed most of 13 young adults in Jakarta, Tangerang, and Bekasi had lack of knowledge about diabetes mellitus, lack of interest to perform healthy lifestyle, rarely to have physical exercise, and had frequent consumption of foods and beverages high in sugar, which raised concerns about the occurrence of diabetes mellitus in the future. Community service was carried out to increase behavioral predisposing factors: knowledge and intention, and two important overt behaviors in diabetes mellitus prevention, physical exercise and consumption of foods and drinks high in sugar. The method used consists of person-to-person education, training, and incentive. The results showed an increase in behavioral predisposing factors and expected overt behavior, even up to one week after all activities were completed. Behavior change is a complex process thus the use of multiple methods is necessary, as the team found education alone was not sufficient to influence intention to adopt the behavior. The persistence of behavioral adoption is the next challenge. The team suggests that intrinsic factors, as well as enabling and driving factors of behavior could also be touched. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Incentive, Training, Person-To-Person Education, Behaviour, Young Adult

Kesehatan Mental Mahasiswa Diploma Keperawatan dan Perlunya Upaya Promosi Kesehatan Komprehensif: Studi pada Situasi Pandemi Yosi Marin Marpaung
Jurnal Kedokteran Meditek Vol 28 No 2 (2022): MEI-AGUSTUS
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36452/jkdoktmeditek.v28i2.2380

Masalah kesehatan mental meningkat dengan sangat serius di era pandemi COVID-19. Pandemi juga berdampak pada peningkatan gangguan kesehatan mental secara signifikan pada mahasiswa keperawatan di berbagai negara dibandingkan masa sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran masalah kesehatan mental dan faktor-faktor yang menjelaskan masalah ini pada mahasiswa diploma keperawatan. Desain cross-sectional digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Selain data kuantitatif, data kualitatif juga dikumpulkan secara bersamaan. Analisis statistik dan analisis konten dilakukan untuk menjawab tujuan penelitian. Lebih dari 80% mahasiswa diploma keperawatan Universitas X berpartisipasi. Gejala gangguan kesehatan mental dirasakan oleh sebagian besar responden. Tahun tempuh pendidikan, kondisi kesehatan sosial, fisik, dan spiritual yang dirasakan berhubungan dengan masalah kesehatan mental mahasiswa keperawatan. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan tahun tempuh pendidikan dan kesehatan sosial perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus. Lebih jauh, hasil analisis konten mengungkap 14 stresor, di mana isu-isu sosial dan beban akademik menjadi yang paling sering muncul, di samping isu kesehatan fisik dan keterampilan halus mahasiswa. Diperlukan upaya promosi kesehatan mental yang memerhatikan seluruh dimensi kesehatan baik sosial, fisik, dan spiritual, dari awal masa pendidikan keperawatan, khususnya mengingat akibat yang ditimbulkan pandemi COVID-19.

Nursing Care for Homeless Patients with Hemorrhagic Stroke at A Public Hospital Dwivania, Agatha Tunjung; Ernawati, Ernawati; Zendrato , Mey Lona Verawaty; Marpaung , Yosi Marin
Jurnal Keperawatan Priority Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Prima Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/jukep.v7i1.4522

A hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain bursts, causing bleeding in the brain tissue. A hemorrhagic stroke can have a significant impact on the patient. Family support has been shown to influence the success of treatment for hemorrhagic stroke patients. Therefore, Family support is substantial and linked to achieving patient independence. Homeless stroke patients typically receive minimal care and have high mortality rates. This paper aims to review the implementation of care for homeless patients with hemorrhagic stroke in a public hospital in Jakarta. This article is a case report of a homeless 65-year-old man with decreased consciousness who was diagnosed with hemorrhagic stroke. The data were obtained by physical assessment. Several diagnostic tests were performed, including CT scan, MRI, and blood tests. A student nurse working one shift per day provided nursing care for three days. The patient had limb paralysis and drowsiness. The priority diagnoses were ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion, impaired physical mobility, and deficits in self-care. Nursing care focuses on the patient's consciousness and fulfilling basic needs. After 3 days of care, the patient was still unconscious. However, there were no symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. Family participation is necessary for the care of patients with hemorrhagic stroke. The nurse's role as a caregiver becomes primary and crucial for homeless patients who have no family.

MENANGKAL HIPERTENSI PADA LANSIA: HASIL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI SKRINING, EDUKASI, DAN KONSULTASI KESEHATAN Komang Noviantari; Malianti Silalahi; Mey Lona Verawaty Zendrato; Permaida Permaida; Stepanus Maman Hermawan; Ernawati Ernawati; Dian Anggraini; Yosi Marin Marpaung; Mariam Dasat
JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Vol 8, No 4 (2024): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jmm.v8i4.24851

Abstrak: Hipertensi, atau tekanan darah tinggi, masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama dan penyebab kematian terbanyak di dunia, terutama pada lansia. Skrining hipertensi sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan deteksi dini penyakit ini. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran lansia tentang pentingnya hipertensi dan cara mengatasinya. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dalam bentuk skrining, edukasi, dan pemeriksaan kesehatan terkait bahaya hipertensi dengan jumlah peserta adalah 105 lansia. Kegiatan ini dilakukan melalui tiga tahap: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Pada tahap pelaksanaan, dilakukan penyuluhan tentang bahaya hipertensi, skrining tekanan darah, gula darah sewaktu, dan kolesterol total, serta konsultasi kesehatan dengan dokter. Hasil skrining menunjukkan bahwa 37% lansia mengalami pre-hipertensi, 97,5% memiliki gula darah sewaktu normal, dan 40% memiliki hasil kolesterol total tinggi. Evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa lansia yang mengikuti kegiatan ini mendapatkan edukasi terkait bahaya hipertensi, melakukan skrining kesehatan, serta konsultasi kesehatan dari dokter untuk mengatasi hipertensi, Antusiasme lansia terhadap kegiatan ini sangat tinggi.Abstract: Hypertension, or high blood pressure, remains a prevalent health concern and a leading cause of mortality worldwide, particularly among the elderly population. Hypertension screening is crucial for promoting awareness and early detection of this condition. This community service project aimed to raise awareness among elderly individuals about the significance of hypertension and its management strategies. The project involved screening, education, and health examinations related to hypertension risks, targeting 105 elderly participants.The project was implemented in three phases: planning, implementation, and evaluation. During the implementation phase, educational sessions on hypertension risks were conducted, followed by screenings for blood pressure, random blood glucose, and total cholesterol. Additionally, participants received medical consultations with a physician.The screening results revealed that 37% of the elderly participants had pre-hypertension, 97.5% had normal random blood glucose levels, and 40% had high total cholesterol levels. The evaluation indicated that participants gained knowledge about hypertension risks, underwent health screenings, and received medical consultations from a physician to manage their hypertension. The elderly participants demonstrated high enthusiasm for the project.This community service project effectively enhanced awareness and knowledge among elderly individuals regarding hypertension. The project's success highlights the importance of targeted interventions to promote hypertension management and improve the overall health of older adults.

Asuhan keperawatan pada pre dan pasca ORIF kasus fraktur intra artikular fibula ½ distal sinistra : Nursing care for pre- and post-ORIF of an intra-articular fracture of the distal ½ fibula sinistra Ruth; Silalahi, Malianti; Marpaung, Yosi Marin; Dasat , Mariam
Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan (Scientific Journal of Nursing) Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): JiKep | Juni 2025
Publisher : UPPM STIKES Pemkab Jombang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33023/jikep.v11i2.2591

Fraktur fibula adalah patah tulang pada fibula yang umumnya disebabkan oleh trauma langsung atau gerakan memutar, dan sering memerlukan tindakan pembedahan berupa Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF). Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien dengan fraktur fibula intraartikular ½ distal sinistra pada fase pra dan pasca ORIF. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dengan pendekatan proses keperawatan, mencakup pengkajian, diagnosis, intervensi, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, pemeriksaan fisik, dan pemeriksaan penunjang. Asuhan keperawatan diberikan selama tiga hari, yaitu tanggal 17–20 Desember 2024 di rumah sakit swasta Jakarta Barat. Pasien, Tn. S (27 tahun), memiliki riwayat diabetes melitus yang berpengaruh terhadap proses penyembuhan luka. Gejala yang dialami pasien antara lain nyeri hebat, bengkak, dan kesulitan berjalan. Ditemukan tiga diagnosis aktual: nyeri akut pra-ORIF, nyeri akut pasca-ORIF, dan gangguan mobilitas fisik; serta dua diagnosis risiko: risiko infeksi pra dan pasca-ORIF. Ansietas tidak ditemukan karena koping adaptif yang baik dan dukungan keluarga. Intervensi keperawatan meliputi teknik relaksasi napas dalam, hipnotis lima jari, distraksi, mobilisasi bertahap, dan pemantauan infeksi. Edukasi mandiri pasca-ORIF penting untuk mencegah komplikasi dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien. Kata Kunci : Asuhan keperawatan, Fraktur, Nyeri, ORIF

Upaya Mengurangi Konsumsi Minuman Beralkohol di Kalangan Muda Lewat Kegiatan GEBRAK (Generasi Bebas Dari Alkohol): Efforts to reduce alcohol consumption among young people through GEBRAK Yoan, Margaretha Wulan Puspita; Marpaung, Yosi Marin
Poltekita: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian & Pengabdian Masyarakat Poltekkes Kemenkes Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33860/pjpm.v5i2.2931

Alcohol consumption among young people has become a common practice. Based on interviews, the majority of youth in Association X in Jakarta frequently consume alcoholic beverages. A community service activity titled "A Generation Free from Alcohol" was aimed at increasing knowledge and intentions to reduce alcohol consumption among the youth group in Association X. The methods used included counseling, focused group discussions, and the creation of a shared commitment, which involved 11 key individuals from Association X. The activity began with a pretest to assess knowledge and commitment, followed by the presentation of material on the dangers of alcohol, its effects, and sharing experiences related to overcoming alcohol addiction. This was followed by focused group discussions, presentations of discussion results, a posttest using the same questionnaire, and a joint commitment declaration. The results showed the greatest increase in knowledge regarding ways to overcome alcohol addiction (78.6%), the causes of alcohol addiction (50%), and the negative impact of alcohol on mental health (41.3%). This activity successfully provided cognitive benefits to participants regarding the dangers of alcohol and its effects on the body. However, the activity has not yet optimally reduced the intention to consume alcohol or encourage peers to drink alcoholic beverages. The implication is that similar activities in the future should not only focus on knowledge transfer but also develop strategies that address the antecedents and determinants of young people's intentions to consume alcohol.

Quality of Life Among Independent Elderly Residents in A Nursing Home in Banten Province, Indonesia Marpaung, Yosi Marin
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol 6 No S6 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v6iS6.5219

The elderly group, particularly those in nursing homes, is at a higher risk of experiencing a lower quality of life compared to elderly individuals who live at home or within the community. Therefore, monitoring the quality of life in nursing homes is essential to assess the wellbeing of the elderly and provide input for more targeted efforts to meet their needs. Objective: This study aims to provide information on the quality of life of the elderly, focusing specifically on the independent elderly group at nursing home X, located in Pamulang, Banten Province. Method: The study employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. A total of 45 out of 51 independent elderly individuals residing at nursing home X during the study period were involved. The WHOQoL-BREF instrument was used to measure the quality of life. Results: The findings revealed that the overall average quality of life score was categorized as good (60.2 ± 8.65). However, the average scores for each domain were as follows: physical domain 53.8 ± 10.6, psychological domain 59.2 ± 9.77, social relationship domain 61.7 ± 16.45, and environmental domain 66.1 ± 11.37. These scores indicate that the quality of life in the physical and psychological domain was predominantly unsatisfactory. Furthermore, the quality of life in the social domain also demands improvement. In addition, this study found a significant relationship between the quality of life and both the educational background (pvalue=0.009) and economic status (pvalue=0.025) of the elderly. Conclusions: Efforts to improve physical well-being require serious attention at nursing home X. Additionally, psychological, and social support initiatives are necessary. Further research exploring the challenges within each domain in greater depth and developing integrated interventions in collaboration with various stakeholders, including partners of the nursing home, is essential to enhance the well-being of the elderly.

Pembatasan Aktivitas di Luar Rumah pada Lansia di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Dampak, Strategi Pencegahan dan Koping, Serta Peran Support System Marpaung, Yosi Marin; Yoan, Margaretha Wulan Puspita
MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Vol 3, No 5 (2023): Volume 3 Nomor 5 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

ABSTRACT Older adults are very vulnerable to experiencing various physical, mental and social burdens during the Covid-19 pandemic, one of which is related to changes in life patterns and routines due to restrictions on activities outside the home. The purpose of this research was to identify the impact, prevention and coping strategies, as well as the role of system support for the older people during restrictions on activities outside the home during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research was a cross-sectional study using a non-probability sampling with a questionnaire instrument distributed via Google Form in November 2021. Data analysis was carried out descriptively to see an overview of the data obtained. Of the 51 respondents, activity disturbances were felt in more than 75% of the elderly. The most complained aspect when limiting activities outside the home is felt in mental health (63%) followed by disturbances in physical health (55%) on a moderate to an extensive scale. Respondents could not physically meet with family or relatives and disturbances in religious activities outside the home were the dominant disturbances felt. Furthermore, anxiety was the disorder most frequently reported by respondents, followed by feelings of loneliness and confusion. The family is the main support system for the elderly during social restrictions. An increase in pleasurable physical activity at home needs to be increased during restrictions on outdoor activities. In addition, maintaining the continuity of friendly and safe interaction and communication, increasing access and capacity of communication and information technology, and guaranteeing basic needs and those related to health emergency situations can be key principles for developing older adult-friendly activities during periods of restrictions on activities outside home in the context of future health emergencies. Keywords: Older Adult, Social Restriction, Activity Restriction, Covid-19 Pandemic ABSTRAK Kelompok lanjut usia adalah kelompok yang sangat rentan mengalami berbagai beban fisik, mental, dan sosial di masa pandemi Covid-19, yang salah satunya berhubungan dengan perubahan pola dan rutinitas kehidupan akibat pembatasan kegiatan di luar rumah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi dampak, strategi pencegahan dan koping, serta peran dari dukungan sistem bagi lansia pada masa pembatasan aktivitas di luar rumah di masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini adalah studi potong lintang menggunakan non-probability sampling dengan instrumen kuesioner dibagikan lewat Google Form di bulan November 2021. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif untuk melihat gambaran data yang diperoleh. Dari 51 responden yang didapatkan, gangguan aktivitas dirasakan pada lebih dari 75% lansia. Aspek yang paling banyak dikeluhkan saat pembatasan aktivitas di luar rumah dengan skala sedang sampai sangat besar dirasakan pada kesehatan mental (63%) diikuti dengan gangguan pada kesehatan fisik (55%). Tidak dapat bertemunya responden dengan sanak saudara atau keluarga dan gangguan pada aktivitas keagamaan di luar rumah menjadi gangguan yang dominan dirasakan. Selanjutnya, kecemasan menjadi gangguan yang paling banyak dilaporkan oleh responden dilanjutkan dengan perasaan kesepian dan bingung. Keluarga menjadi sistem pendukung utama pada lansia di masa pembatasan sosial. Peningkatan aktivitas fisik yang menyenangkan di rumah perlu ditingkatkan pada masa pembatasan aktivitas luar rumah. Selain itu, menjaga kontinuitas interaksi dan komunikasi yang ramah serta aman, peningkatan akses dan kapasitas teknologi komunikasi dan informasi, dan (3) jaminan kebutuhan dasar dan yang berhubungan dengan situasi kedaruratan kesehatan dapat menjadi prinsip kunci pengembangan kegiatan yang ramah pada lansia di masa pembatasan kegiatan di luar rumah, dalam konteks kedaruratan kesehatan di masa depan. Kata Kunci: Lanjut Usia, Pembatasan Sosial, Pembatasan Aktivitas, Pandemi Covid-19

Exploring the Ethical Dimensions of Mandatory Immunization Discourse for School Attendance in Indonesia Marpaung, Yosi Marin
Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 13, No 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Center for Health Policy and Management

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jkki.90869

Mandating complete vaccination for school attendance is still in the discourse for the future policy in Indonesia. Like any other policy, this discourse needs to be given an open space to be looked in a critical point view of ethic. This article critically examines the ethical dimensions surrounding the discourse of implementing mandatory immunization for school attendance in Indonesia, employing a multi-faceted ethical analysis. A case study utilizing moral reasoning through the lenses of utilitarianism, Kantian ethics, virtue ethics, and principlism was employed. From a utilitarian standpoint, mandatory vaccination is ethically justifiable, emphasizing its potential to yield substantial health benefits for society, reduce healthcare spending, and contribute to economic growth. The straightforward nature of this intervention, unlike other complex public health measures, makes it an appealing strategy for increasing vaccination coverage. However, Kantian, non-maleficence, and autonomy perspectives introduces ethical complexities, as mandatory immunization may be perceived as infringing upon individual beliefs and personal choice. The article advocates for open and honest discussions, understanding religious perspectives, and fostering trust in governmental decision-making to address these concerns. Virtue ethics are explored to underscore the importance of cultivating social responsibility in the success of public health measures. It further emphasizes the need for a just implementation of the policy, treating the specific needs of regions. In conclusion, the article posits that while the benefits of mandatory immunization are substantial, ethical considerations demand a delicate balance between promoting public health goals and respecting individual freedom. It suggests that achieving immunization targets necessitates a comprehensive approach, including respecting individual choices, building trust, widespread education on vaccine benefits and risks, and ensuring sustainable financing and vaccine procurement across all segments of Indonesia.

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